1992 Vol. 5, No. 1
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1992, 5(1): 1-6.
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Abstract:
Based on 183 provenances selected from 13 provinces and regions,according to the BIB design of Chinese Fir provenance test,a variance analysis has been made on the height,diameter breast-height,and volume to show that:(1)a marked difference exists in the growth characteristics of the height,the D.B.H and the volume with a result that the quicker growth provenance Chinese Fir is 46% higher,55% bigger in D.B.H.and 2.16 times larger in volume than the slower one;(2) by way of a comprehensive praisal made on the various characteristics of the genetics distance,the provenances have been classified into 4 types,i.e.the fastest growth,the moderate,the slower and the slowest,of which the 12 fastest ones have the genetics gains of 5.22% in H,of 3.81% in D.B.H.and 12.65% in V as compaired with CK,there being a noted tendency that the 12 fastest provenances are centred mainly on Rongjian River valley,southeast of Guizhou Province and northwest of Guangxi Province,and the upper reaches of Minjian River valley,Fujian Province;(3) the provenances are of better heritability of 0.721 6~0.729 9,in H,D.B.H.and V,whose phenotype C.V.is larger than genotype C.V.;the volume genotype C.V.is larger than D.B.H.one,with the latter larger than the height C.V.;of 3 growth characteristics,the genetics variance components account for 11.3%~13.3% in the total variation,replication ones 17.7%~27.8%,and error ones 60.9%-69.0%.
Based on 183 provenances selected from 13 provinces and regions,according to the BIB design of Chinese Fir provenance test,a variance analysis has been made on the height,diameter breast-height,and volume to show that:(1)a marked difference exists in the growth characteristics of the height,the D.B.H and the volume with a result that the quicker growth provenance Chinese Fir is 46% higher,55% bigger in D.B.H.and 2.16 times larger in volume than the slower one;(2) by way of a comprehensive praisal made on the various characteristics of the genetics distance,the provenances have been classified into 4 types,i.e.the fastest growth,the moderate,the slower and the slowest,of which the 12 fastest ones have the genetics gains of 5.22% in H,of 3.81% in D.B.H.and 12.65% in V as compaired with CK,there being a noted tendency that the 12 fastest provenances are centred mainly on Rongjian River valley,southeast of Guizhou Province and northwest of Guangxi Province,and the upper reaches of Minjian River valley,Fujian Province;(3) the provenances are of better heritability of 0.721 6~0.729 9,in H,D.B.H.and V,whose phenotype C.V.is larger than genotype C.V.;the volume genotype C.V.is larger than D.B.H.one,with the latter larger than the height C.V.;of 3 growth characteristics,the genetics variance components account for 11.3%~13.3% in the total variation,replication ones 17.7%~27.8%,and error ones 60.9%-69.0%.
1992, 5(1): 7-13.
Abstract:
The samples of 9 provenances were collected from 9-year-old test stands of Masson's Pine located on 3 plantations representative of the northern,central and southern subtropical zones to analyse wood traits including timber structure,physical properties and chemical components.The results are as follows:(1) The variance analyses among and within plantations show that differences between provenances outweighted those between individuals within provenances,and there were significant inter ractions between provenances and plantations.(2) Main economic traits,such as fibre width,the rate of fibre length to width,dipwall thickness,lumen diameter and their rate etc.,were controlled by strong heredity effects,since these traits' hereditary values were all over 0.6.(3) Correlative analyses between wood properties and growth traits suggested that positive selection of growth traits in fast-growing regions tended to decrease the rate of summerwood,rate of fibre length to width,and rate of dipwall thickness to lumen diameter,or increase fibre width and lumen diameter,which provided evidences for indirect selection of timber prop-erties.(4) After selection by 11 traits in close relation to pulp characters,some fine provenances as Gaozhou,Ningming,Ji-an and Dejiang were selected for representative regions.
The samples of 9 provenances were collected from 9-year-old test stands of Masson's Pine located on 3 plantations representative of the northern,central and southern subtropical zones to analyse wood traits including timber structure,physical properties and chemical components.The results are as follows:(1) The variance analyses among and within plantations show that differences between provenances outweighted those between individuals within provenances,and there were significant inter ractions between provenances and plantations.(2) Main economic traits,such as fibre width,the rate of fibre length to width,dipwall thickness,lumen diameter and their rate etc.,were controlled by strong heredity effects,since these traits' hereditary values were all over 0.6.(3) Correlative analyses between wood properties and growth traits suggested that positive selection of growth traits in fast-growing regions tended to decrease the rate of summerwood,rate of fibre length to width,and rate of dipwall thickness to lumen diameter,or increase fibre width and lumen diameter,which provided evidences for indirect selection of timber prop-erties.(4) After selection by 11 traits in close relation to pulp characters,some fine provenances as Gaozhou,Ningming,Ji-an and Dejiang were selected for representative regions.
1992, 5(1): 14-21.
Abstract:
Analysis and evaluation have been made on five-years growth data of provenance tests of Sea Buckthorn from 19 sites at four experimental plantations.There are significant differences in growth in the young tree stage among different provenances of Sea Buckthorn and the differences are obvious with different geographic population variation.The vegetation of the young tree stage will decrease with an increase in latitudes,thereby distinct minus correlation are formed and plus correlatives are formed with an increase in elevation height (except 2 provenances from Tibet).The ratio of the female trees of Sea Buckthorn in the provenance plantation is 50% (female:male=1:1).The variations in fruit size and ripe period are closely correlaed with the different geographical locations of provenances.There are significant variations in the biochemical composition of fruits.It has something to do with the latitude of different provenances.The provenances from Gansu Province and Nin-gxia Hui Autonomous Region located in the mid latitude and West areas of China have more content of vitami-C and total acid,and less content of total sugar.
Analysis and evaluation have been made on five-years growth data of provenance tests of Sea Buckthorn from 19 sites at four experimental plantations.There are significant differences in growth in the young tree stage among different provenances of Sea Buckthorn and the differences are obvious with different geographic population variation.The vegetation of the young tree stage will decrease with an increase in latitudes,thereby distinct minus correlation are formed and plus correlatives are formed with an increase in elevation height (except 2 provenances from Tibet).The ratio of the female trees of Sea Buckthorn in the provenance plantation is 50% (female:male=1:1).The variations in fruit size and ripe period are closely correlaed with the different geographical locations of provenances.There are significant variations in the biochemical composition of fruits.It has something to do with the latitude of different provenances.The provenances from Gansu Province and Nin-gxia Hui Autonomous Region located in the mid latitude and West areas of China have more content of vitami-C and total acid,and less content of total sugar.
1992, 5(1): 22-25.
Abstract:
Esterase isoenzymes of the samples of the selected ants are studied with isoelectrofocusing (IEF).Differences of zymograms are found among subfamilies,genera,and species.No differences of zymograms are found among workers of the same species,though there are a few differences between the soldiers and the workers.According to the results,IEF is a very helpful tool in the study of ant taxonomy.
Esterase isoenzymes of the samples of the selected ants are studied with isoelectrofocusing (IEF).Differences of zymograms are found among subfamilies,genera,and species.No differences of zymograms are found among workers of the same species,though there are a few differences between the soldiers and the workers.According to the results,IEF is a very helpful tool in the study of ant taxonomy.
1992, 5(1): 26-31.
Abstract:
The half-half and spline methods were applicated to analyse the population spatial distribution patterns of the Pine Caterpillar.The two methods can not only be used to test the spatial patterns,but also determine the lacation and size of clump.
The half-half and spline methods were applicated to analyse the population spatial distribution patterns of the Pine Caterpillar.The two methods can not only be used to test the spatial patterns,but also determine the lacation and size of clump.
1992, 5(1): 32-38.
Abstract:
Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii) water and soil conservation plantations were established in Hetian,Changting County,Fujian Province with high density,short rotation,stump operation and coppice regeneration.Ecological and economic benefits were achieved obviously.Crown density of two-year-old stand reached 0.9.Run off was reduced by 7140m3/ha,and run off colfficient lowered from 0.49 to 0.06.Amount of soil loss was reduced by 63 tons per hactare.Microclimate conditions and chemical and physical properties of the soil were obviously improved in the stands.The 2.5-year-old trail stand produced 76 tons/ha of above-ground biomass and the net income was 2568.0 yuan/ha,the ratio of benefit/cost was 2.06.
Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii) water and soil conservation plantations were established in Hetian,Changting County,Fujian Province with high density,short rotation,stump operation and coppice regeneration.Ecological and economic benefits were achieved obviously.Crown density of two-year-old stand reached 0.9.Run off was reduced by 7140m3/ha,and run off colfficient lowered from 0.49 to 0.06.Amount of soil loss was reduced by 63 tons per hactare.Microclimate conditions and chemical and physical properties of the soil were obviously improved in the stands.The 2.5-year-old trail stand produced 76 tons/ha of above-ground biomass and the net income was 2568.0 yuan/ha,the ratio of benefit/cost was 2.06.
1992, 5(1): 39-46.
Abstract:
Wood anatomy,fibre quality,microfibrillar angle of S2 layer of the secondary wall of the wood cell and the degree of relative crysta-llinity of the wood cellulose,chemical composition,wood density and pulp-making wood properties of 135-year-old White Poplar clones in intensive cultivation have been studied.The results show that for the 6 clones:Baihang 1,Baihang 17,Baihang 10,Linye,Xinmao and Wuming,the fibre length range is 845~917μm,the Cv(/LN) range 0.24~0.28,the total fibre ratio range 62.8%~64.7%,air-dried density range 0.41~0.519 g/cm3,the high yield pulp 87.7%~91.6% and the other properties,such as tear index,burst index,tensile index etc.,all of which are superior than those of the other clones.The above mentioned 6 poplar clones may be selected for further cultivation.
Wood anatomy,fibre quality,microfibrillar angle of S2 layer of the secondary wall of the wood cell and the degree of relative crysta-llinity of the wood cellulose,chemical composition,wood density and pulp-making wood properties of 135-year-old White Poplar clones in intensive cultivation have been studied.The results show that for the 6 clones:Baihang 1,Baihang 17,Baihang 10,Linye,Xinmao and Wuming,the fibre length range is 845~917μm,the Cv(/LN) range 0.24~0.28,the total fibre ratio range 62.8%~64.7%,air-dried density range 0.41~0.519 g/cm3,the high yield pulp 87.7%~91.6% and the other properties,such as tear index,burst index,tensile index etc.,all of which are superior than those of the other clones.The above mentioned 6 poplar clones may be selected for further cultivation.
1992, 5(1): 47-55.
Abstract:
This paper discussed and assessed the input,output and economic benefit of rattan plantation of three important commercial species,namely Calamus tetradactylus,C.simplicifius and Daemonorops margaritae in the management period of 25 years.Five commonly used techniques in economic evaluation viz (1) Net Present Value (NPV);(2) Ratio of the Net Present Value (NPVR);(3)Internal Rate of Return (IRR);(4) Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C) and (5) Period of Investment Return (T) were utilised.Based on a 12 percent discounting rate,the appraisable results of three rattan plantations were as follows.The NPV was 3494.63,4657.72,16785.12 (yuan,RMB),bigger than zero;NPVR was 0.71,1.14,3.77;IRR was 25.95%,21.2%,28.71%,higher than the discounting rate;and B/C was 1.71,2.13,4.77 respectively,which indicated the favourable returns on investment in the cultivation of the three rattan plantations.The sensitivity analysis showed that the yield and price of rattan cane,as well as discounting rate were the sensitive factors of C.tetradactylus,C.simplicifius and D.margaritae respectively.The three sorts of plantations were vigorous capable of resistant to risk in economics.
This paper discussed and assessed the input,output and economic benefit of rattan plantation of three important commercial species,namely Calamus tetradactylus,C.simplicifius and Daemonorops margaritae in the management period of 25 years.Five commonly used techniques in economic evaluation viz (1) Net Present Value (NPV);(2) Ratio of the Net Present Value (NPVR);(3)Internal Rate of Return (IRR);(4) Benefit-Cost Ratio (B/C) and (5) Period of Investment Return (T) were utilised.Based on a 12 percent discounting rate,the appraisable results of three rattan plantations were as follows.The NPV was 3494.63,4657.72,16785.12 (yuan,RMB),bigger than zero;NPVR was 0.71,1.14,3.77;IRR was 25.95%,21.2%,28.71%,higher than the discounting rate;and B/C was 1.71,2.13,4.77 respectively,which indicated the favourable returns on investment in the cultivation of the three rattan plantations.The sensitivity analysis showed that the yield and price of rattan cane,as well as discounting rate were the sensitive factors of C.tetradactylus,C.simplicifius and D.margaritae respectively.The three sorts of plantations were vigorous capable of resistant to risk in economics.
1992, 5(1): 56-59.
Abstract:
The experimental plantation of 20.7 ha was established with seedlings of 2-year-old for research on early-bearing and high-yielding technique of Zizyphus jujuba in 1987 in Jishan County,Shanxi Province.The integrated measures (mainly conical brachysm cultivation) were applied.The results showed that the measures could remarkably increase the fruit yield.In the third year after planting,the mean yield of fresh fruit was 878 kg/ha in the plantation with a density of 360 trees/ha and 3113 kg/ha in the plantation with a density of 1245 trees/ha.In the fourth year after planting,the mean yield of the plantation with the density of 360 trees/ha,1940 kg/ha,was 4 times over that of the control,and the mean yield of the plantation with the density of 1245 trees/ha,7595 kg/ha,was 8 times over that of the control.The ratios of input to output were 1:7 and 1:13 respectively.
The experimental plantation of 20.7 ha was established with seedlings of 2-year-old for research on early-bearing and high-yielding technique of Zizyphus jujuba in 1987 in Jishan County,Shanxi Province.The integrated measures (mainly conical brachysm cultivation) were applied.The results showed that the measures could remarkably increase the fruit yield.In the third year after planting,the mean yield of fresh fruit was 878 kg/ha in the plantation with a density of 360 trees/ha and 3113 kg/ha in the plantation with a density of 1245 trees/ha.In the fourth year after planting,the mean yield of the plantation with the density of 360 trees/ha,1940 kg/ha,was 4 times over that of the control,and the mean yield of the plantation with the density of 1245 trees/ha,7595 kg/ha,was 8 times over that of the control.The ratios of input to output were 1:7 and 1:13 respectively.
1992, 5(1): 60-64.
Abstract:
The effects of calcium chloride (CaCl22H2O) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO47H2O) on shoot multiplication in vitro of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook,the absorption of calcium and magnesium by the shoots in the cultures,and the amount of remains of calcium and magnesium in the media were studied to choose the concentration level of calcium chloride and magnesium sulphate suitable for mass-propagation in vitro of Chinese Fir.400 mg/L calcium chloride(CaCl22H2O) and 400 mg/L magnesium sulphate (MgSO47H2O) were recommended.It appears that for the tissue culture of Chinese Fir,the effect of calcium chloride is higher than that of magnesium sulphate.In addition,the results show that the high concentration of calcium chloride is favourable to the callus formation,but it is adverse to the differentiation.
The effects of calcium chloride (CaCl22H2O) and magnesium sulphate (MgSO47H2O) on shoot multiplication in vitro of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook,the absorption of calcium and magnesium by the shoots in the cultures,and the amount of remains of calcium and magnesium in the media were studied to choose the concentration level of calcium chloride and magnesium sulphate suitable for mass-propagation in vitro of Chinese Fir.400 mg/L calcium chloride(CaCl22H2O) and 400 mg/L magnesium sulphate (MgSO47H2O) were recommended.It appears that for the tissue culture of Chinese Fir,the effect of calcium chloride is higher than that of magnesium sulphate.In addition,the results show that the high concentration of calcium chloride is favourable to the callus formation,but it is adverse to the differentiation.
1992, 5(1): 65-70.
Abstract:
experiment of potted seedlings of Masson Pine inoculated with different inocula of mycorrhiza fungi has been carried out.The results showed that the Masson Pines which are typical species with ectomycorrhiza displayed distinct differences on the growth and the accumulation of N,P,K,to their seedlings,owing to the different inocula used.The species of P.t and S.p were the most suitable fungi for the seedlings.The results of raising seedlings in a nursery with P.t mycorrhiza further showed that the superb-species of the fungi were more favorable to the growth of Masson Pine seedlings,which not only promoted the growth of the seedlings but also accumulated more nutrients in all the roots,stems and leaves.Hole-through method was the best one for inoculating the inocula in the nursery.
experiment of potted seedlings of Masson Pine inoculated with different inocula of mycorrhiza fungi has been carried out.The results showed that the Masson Pines which are typical species with ectomycorrhiza displayed distinct differences on the growth and the accumulation of N,P,K,to their seedlings,owing to the different inocula used.The species of P.t and S.p were the most suitable fungi for the seedlings.The results of raising seedlings in a nursery with P.t mycorrhiza further showed that the superb-species of the fungi were more favorable to the growth of Masson Pine seedlings,which not only promoted the growth of the seedlings but also accumulated more nutrients in all the roots,stems and leaves.Hole-through method was the best one for inoculating the inocula in the nursery.
1992, 5(1): 71-77.
Abstract:
A study has been made on the climatic adaptibility of the introduced lac insect Kerria sindica (Mahdihassan) in China.It has been proved through pilot experiments of a term of 10 years that the optimum breeding areas of the insect are those of the annual average temperature over 23℃ where it can complete 2 generations in a year with regular life cycle,rich secretion of lac and high ability of reproduction and adaptability.It has also been established systematically that the breeding areas of the insect in China have the following temperatural features:(1) annual average temperature:22℃;(2) average temperature of the coldest month in a year:14℃;(3) the lowest temperature:5℃ (temperature decresing owing to cold current) or 1℃ (temperature decresing owing to radiation).
A study has been made on the climatic adaptibility of the introduced lac insect Kerria sindica (Mahdihassan) in China.It has been proved through pilot experiments of a term of 10 years that the optimum breeding areas of the insect are those of the annual average temperature over 23℃ where it can complete 2 generations in a year with regular life cycle,rich secretion of lac and high ability of reproduction and adaptability.It has also been established systematically that the breeding areas of the insect in China have the following temperatural features:(1) annual average temperature:22℃;(2) average temperature of the coldest month in a year:14℃;(3) the lowest temperature:5℃ (temperature decresing owing to cold current) or 1℃ (temperature decresing owing to radiation).
1992, 5(1): 78-81.
Abstract:
The paper discusses the affinity of 14 Poplar Rusts by the results of numerical taxonomy,which is a new method to discuss the evolution of Poplar Rusts.The author thinks that 14 Poplar Rusts are in different level of evolution and the results support Leppik's viewpoint.The author also discusses the evolutionary pathway of some Poplar Rust Species,
The paper discusses the affinity of 14 Poplar Rusts by the results of numerical taxonomy,which is a new method to discuss the evolution of Poplar Rusts.The author thinks that 14 Poplar Rusts are in different level of evolution and the results support Leppik's viewpoint.The author also discusses the evolutionary pathway of some Poplar Rust Species,
1992, 5(1): 82-88.
Abstract:
This paper described some main biological characteristics of Cophoprora sp.and introduced a simple method of prediction for a short time.Both biological and chemical methods of prophylaxis and treatment were presented here.From the eggs of the pest in the Cinnamomum cassia Presl,Trichogramma chilonis Tshii was found.After artificial multiplication,a large number of T.chilonis was released on 53.3ha of Cinnamomum forest belonging separately to eleven forestry center of Xijiang State Forest Bureau.Two years later,a marvellous result was obtained that the eggs were parasitized by T.chilonis in the experimental area enhancing 60.49%~92.54% more than that of control area and the die back of Cinnamomum is 24.43%~90.55% less than that of control area.It was found that the effective protection of the new shoots is spraying the solution of 50% Cartap (1:1000) or dusting 2% Cartap powder 37.5kg per ha when the new shoot grows to 2cm high.
This paper described some main biological characteristics of Cophoprora sp.and introduced a simple method of prediction for a short time.Both biological and chemical methods of prophylaxis and treatment were presented here.From the eggs of the pest in the Cinnamomum cassia Presl,Trichogramma chilonis Tshii was found.After artificial multiplication,a large number of T.chilonis was released on 53.3ha of Cinnamomum forest belonging separately to eleven forestry center of Xijiang State Forest Bureau.Two years later,a marvellous result was obtained that the eggs were parasitized by T.chilonis in the experimental area enhancing 60.49%~92.54% more than that of control area and the die back of Cinnamomum is 24.43%~90.55% less than that of control area.It was found that the effective protection of the new shoots is spraying the solution of 50% Cartap (1:1000) or dusting 2% Cartap powder 37.5kg per ha when the new shoot grows to 2cm high.
1992, 5(1): 89-94.
Abstract:
A previous scientific inference that the number of insect species of the tropical zone is more than that of temperate zone but less in population quantities is further demonstrated and the indigenous species,common species and the typic species of forest insects in various habitats in the Jianfengling forest area as well as tropical insect colony and species produced there have also been explained in detail.
A previous scientific inference that the number of insect species of the tropical zone is more than that of temperate zone but less in population quantities is further demonstrated and the indigenous species,common species and the typic species of forest insects in various habitats in the Jianfengling forest area as well as tropical insect colony and species produced there have also been explained in detail.
1992, 5(1): 95-99.
Abstract:
Pinus caribaea is one of the famous fast-growing conifer species.This provenance trial includes a lot of provenances from three subspecies of pinus caribaea which has widely been planted in China.The results are as follows:(1) During young tree stage,Pinus caribaea var.bahamensis is the fastest growing one among the three subspecies,the next one is Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis.(2) In provenance level,the best provenance from Pinus caribaea var.bahamensis is NO.1/79,after five years growth,average height of the provenance is 6.6m,average breast height diameter 11.5cm,average volume of single tree 0.0343m3.(3) The best provenance from Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis is NO.12/78,average height is 5.4m,average breast height diameter 10.8cm,average volume of single tree 0.0247m3.
Pinus caribaea is one of the famous fast-growing conifer species.This provenance trial includes a lot of provenances from three subspecies of pinus caribaea which has widely been planted in China.The results are as follows:(1) During young tree stage,Pinus caribaea var.bahamensis is the fastest growing one among the three subspecies,the next one is Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis.(2) In provenance level,the best provenance from Pinus caribaea var.bahamensis is NO.1/79,after five years growth,average height of the provenance is 6.6m,average breast height diameter 11.5cm,average volume of single tree 0.0343m3.(3) The best provenance from Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis is NO.12/78,average height is 5.4m,average breast height diameter 10.8cm,average volume of single tree 0.0247m3.
1992, 5(1): 100-103.
Abstract:
Isolation,morphological observation and identification of the white rot fungus (Coriolus versicolor (L.ex Fr.) on the Poplar wood have been conducted.The result shows that 83% of the colony,which grew out on the tissue and the decay wood was C.versicolor.C.versicolor mixed with bacteria,13%;bacteria,4%.If 0.007% Gention violet was added to the medium,both C.versicolor and Glorophyllum trabeum (Pers.ex Fr.) could grow.It produced chlamydospores and might produce an acid to make pH value lower down on the medium.The fact has proved that C.versicolor is a white-rot fungus.
Isolation,morphological observation and identification of the white rot fungus (Coriolus versicolor (L.ex Fr.) on the Poplar wood have been conducted.The result shows that 83% of the colony,which grew out on the tissue and the decay wood was C.versicolor.C.versicolor mixed with bacteria,13%;bacteria,4%.If 0.007% Gention violet was added to the medium,both C.versicolor and Glorophyllum trabeum (Pers.ex Fr.) could grow.It produced chlamydospores and might produce an acid to make pH value lower down on the medium.The fact has proved that C.versicolor is a white-rot fungus.
1992, 5(1): 104-108.
Abstract:
Powdery Mildew of Rosa roxburghii Tratt.is caused by Sphaero-theca pannosa (Wallr.) Lev.,cleistothecium has not been yet discovered in Xian.Hypha overwinters in the bud scale as primary infection source.Conidia are disseminated by wind.The incubation period is about 4~5 days.The disease occurs in the middle of April,2 peaks of the disease occur in May~June and September~October.The factors affecting the disease occurence are temperature and relative humidity.The disease can be controlled by 25% Triadimefon.Chemicals such as 50% Topsin,Antimycin 120 and Antibiotic Bo-10 also showed a certain degree of control efficiency.
Powdery Mildew of Rosa roxburghii Tratt.is caused by Sphaero-theca pannosa (Wallr.) Lev.,cleistothecium has not been yet discovered in Xian.Hypha overwinters in the bud scale as primary infection source.Conidia are disseminated by wind.The incubation period is about 4~5 days.The disease occurs in the middle of April,2 peaks of the disease occur in May~June and September~October.The factors affecting the disease occurence are temperature and relative humidity.The disease can be controlled by 25% Triadimefon.Chemicals such as 50% Topsin,Antimycin 120 and Antibiotic Bo-10 also showed a certain degree of control efficiency.
1992, 5(1): 109-110.
Abstract:
An observation on the fascited disease of Sophora japonica L.was conducted in Beijing,China.Branch apex fasciation and intensive proliferation of leaf are the symptoms of the disease.Pleomorphical mycoplasma-like organisms were detected by electron microscopy in the sieve elements of the phloem as well as in some parenchyma cells of the fasciated plants,but they did not appear in normal plants.
An observation on the fascited disease of Sophora japonica L.was conducted in Beijing,China.Branch apex fasciation and intensive proliferation of leaf are the symptoms of the disease.Pleomorphical mycoplasma-like organisms were detected by electron microscopy in the sieve elements of the phloem as well as in some parenchyma cells of the fasciated plants,but they did not appear in normal plants.
1992, 5(1): 111-115.
Abstract:
A fertilizer application trial on the 10-year-old and 2-year-old Pinus massoniana plantations had been practised for 3 years and their growth were recorded by establishing permanent sample plots.The results showed that,in the 10-year-old stands treated with 122.5 kg/haa and 225.0 kg/haa of superphosphate (15% P2O5) for 2 years successively,the volume productions were respectively increased by 11.3% and 14.5%,compared to the check stands.Fertilizers should be applied when the total contents of N,K and P in soil for the tree's growth are under 0.1%,0.1% and 0.04% respectively.And it is suggested that fertilization would be effective for the middle age forest,but not for the young unless the soil in the young plantations are extremly meagre.
A fertilizer application trial on the 10-year-old and 2-year-old Pinus massoniana plantations had been practised for 3 years and their growth were recorded by establishing permanent sample plots.The results showed that,in the 10-year-old stands treated with 122.5 kg/haa and 225.0 kg/haa of superphosphate (15% P2O5) for 2 years successively,the volume productions were respectively increased by 11.3% and 14.5%,compared to the check stands.Fertilizers should be applied when the total contents of N,K and P in soil for the tree's growth are under 0.1%,0.1% and 0.04% respectively.And it is suggested that fertilization would be effective for the middle age forest,but not for the young unless the soil in the young plantations are extremly meagre.
1992, 5(1): 116-119.
Abstract:
In order to develop fine broadleaf and precious coaifer commercial woods,Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg,L.tulipifera L.,Sassafras tzumu Hemsl.,Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl,Zelkova schneideriana Hand-Mzt,Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas were selected for mixed plantation experiments with Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook..The measurements for 12 year's growth suggested that C.lanceolata could be selected as an associated species in mixed plantation with each experimental species except Z.schneideriana.The stand of C.lanceolata after 10 year's growth could be cut and used as undersized tree sawtimber,and pure crop of undeveloped species left would grow well.
In order to develop fine broadleaf and precious coaifer commercial woods,Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.) Sarg,L.tulipifera L.,Sassafras tzumu Hemsl.,Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl,Zelkova schneideriana Hand-Mzt,Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) Henry et Thomas were selected for mixed plantation experiments with Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook..The measurements for 12 year's growth suggested that C.lanceolata could be selected as an associated species in mixed plantation with each experimental species except Z.schneideriana.The stand of C.lanceolata after 10 year's growth could be cut and used as undersized tree sawtimber,and pure crop of undeveloped species left would grow well.
1992, 5(1): 120-124.
Abstract:
The results of topdressing test in young plantation of Populus chifengensis No.36 were analized in this paper.Conclusion:the appropriate dose of topdressing in young high-yield poplar plantation of P.chifengensis No.36 is 0.4kg urea (46% N) and 0.5kg superphosphate (14% P2O5) per tree a year.The economic benefit of topdressing with N,P,K indifferent level is also discussed in the paper.
The results of topdressing test in young plantation of Populus chifengensis No.36 were analized in this paper.Conclusion:the appropriate dose of topdressing in young high-yield poplar plantation of P.chifengensis No.36 is 0.4kg urea (46% N) and 0.5kg superphosphate (14% P2O5) per tree a year.The economic benefit of topdressing with N,P,K indifferent level is also discussed in the paper.
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