• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

1994 Vol. 7, No. 1

Display Method:
Disseminating Pattern of Edge Error in Stand Growth Simulation with lndividual-tree model
Zhang Shougong
1994, 7(1): 1-6.
Abstract:
Edge error of simulation system based on individual tree model and its negative effect on stand growth prediction were discussed in this paper.It is proposed that guard lane,which is established to prevent object trees from the disturbance of edge error,should consist of two independent parts,i.e,edge influence band which should be two times the width of a tree influence radius and error resistance one which could be estimated through age class numbers and allowable prediction error.The influence of edge error is dying away as propagating from the boundary to centre of a plot.Systematic error of trees' competition index could be assessed according to their position in a stand,so systematic error of tree growth prediction could be evaluated with the help of a transitive operator,which is used to transfer the relative error of competition index into the relative one of growth prediction and is deduced from a generalized tree growth function.The result presented here can be used to decide with what width of guard lane the sound result might be worked out through the individual tree based model.
Screening of Black Wattle Families with Open-pollinated Progenies of Native Stands
Ren Huadong, Gao Chuanbi, Zheng Fangji, Li Jiyuan, Liu Shijun, Fang Yulin
1994, 7(1): 7-12.
Abstract:
Total l68 open-pollinated black wattle(Acacia mearnsii Willd)seedlots collected from l9 provenances in Australia and l progeny from Wenzhou are tested in the provenance/progeny trial. The paper compares provenance and progeny performance in growth in the trial at four years age. The results show high significant differences among the provenances and progenies.The progenies show high genetic variance in growth.The heritabilities of height and DBH are 0.43、0.32 for family mean and 0.32、0.22 for individual respectively. The genetic gain of height and DBH are 24%~33% for families,Analyses of growth of the families present at bothsites show significant genotype-environment interaction.35 families areselected by using a breeding value form.
Research Method for Remote Sensing lmage Processing Using Expert System
Yi Haoruo, Bai Lina, Ji Ping
1994, 7(1): 13-19.
Abstract:
Aiming at the solution for forest fire monitoring and remote sensing image classification with NOAA data, the use of expert system for these problems have been explored. The procedures for establishing the practical expert system are as follows: frame and rule are used for knowledge representation; reasoning mechanism of matching and the forward reasoning;thetical control strategy; certain factor is used to represent the uncerta-inty. After testing, the software model proved to be satisfactory.
Research on the Bio-ecological Characteristics of Daemonorops margaritae
Xu Huangcan, Yin Guangtian, Zeng Bingshan, Fu Jinggang, Zhang Weiliang, Zhang Guo
1994, 7(1): 20-26.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the natural resources distribution, ecological and biological characteristics, growth and development rules of Daemonorops margaritae (Hance) Becc. D. margaritae is mainly distributed naturally in the tropical mountain rain forest, tropical evergreen monsoon rain forest, and subtropical broad-leaf evergreen forest. The density of distribution varies from 10~1700 stems/hm2 in the tropical mountain rain forest and the monsoon forest. D. margaritae is a clustering species with strong sprouting ability growing slowly in the early stage of 1~3 years old, then entering the stage of fast-growing at the age of 3 years old with an annual increment 1m in stem length and flowering and fruiting the age of 4 to 5. The clump is composed of uneven-aged shoots with different length. There are certain rules existing in the distribution of the stem length classes and ratio of its length to total length of a clump, which presents decreasing in the number of stems with raising in the length classes.
Study on Use of Two Kinds of Cultivating Techniques to Control Poplar Canker
Zeng Dapeng, Liu Chunjing
1994, 7(1): 27-32.
Abstract:
When planting poplar trees, two kinds of cultivating techniques of artificial pruning and dipping roots into chemical preparation were used to control the poplar canker, Dothiorella gregaria Sacc.. The two methods are: ①all of the lateral branches were cut off and roots were dipped into 100ppm liquid of ABT-3 rooting powder; ②all of the lateral branches and 1/3 of the tip of one year-old trunks were cut off and roots were dipped into 100ppm liquid of ABT-3 rooting powder. As a result of adopting the two techniques, the leaves surface of the young trees were reduced; the number and length of roots were increased and the time of rooting was moved up. Thus, the water contents in both treatments were higher than that in the control. Furthermore, their resistance to the disease was raised. The surviving rate of the planted trees increased by 70%~90%;the control effect was 80%~90%.
The lnfluence of Paclobutrazol on Walnut Trees
Zhu Lihua, Li Mingliang, Cao Qingchang
1994, 7(1): 33-37.
Abstract:
The effects of different treatments on vegetative growth and yieldof walnut, and the practice of applying paclobutrazol to walnut were determined in this study. High concentrations of paclobutrazol could effectively reduce the vegetative growth and increase the yield of walnuts, but if theconcentration was too high, the yield would decrease.In this research, 2000 ppm for foliar spray and 3 grams for soil drench would be the suitable concentrations which could get the highest yield.The best stage for treatment wasat the early stage of shoot growth. For the same dosage, if it was applied intwice, it could achieve better results than only one time. Compared with foliarspray, the soil drench was a relatively effective method.
Study on the Environmental Background Value of Water, Air and Noise in the Forest Area of Dagangshan Mountain
Zhang Ping, Yang Guangying, Yu Shenggen, Yuan Puseng, Zheng Yihe, Chen Ai
1994, 7(1): 38-43.
Abstract:
The environmental background values of natural water, air and noise in the forest area of Dagangshan Mountain were investigated through the conduction of plot sampling, sample analysis and data treatment.The research show that there is high quality water in the forest area which is a fine natural resources. Air quality is all right. Noise does not exceed the criteria of ambient noise made by domestic and international standard. The environmental quality of the forest area is good. The relationship between the living organisms and the environment is coordinated and fit each other.The research has provided the basic reference material for the regional affo restation.
Study on Cell Suspension Culture and lsolation of Protoplfast Of Dendrocalamus membranceus
Que Guoning, Zhuge Qiang
1994, 7(1): 44-47.
Abstract:
Root crowns of plantlets and young stems with joint of Dendrocalamus membranceus Munro were cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 5 mg/L 2, 4-D,0.2mg/L KT and 200 mg/L LH, calli in rapid growth were formed. Then, the calli were transferred to a liquid medium with the same medium composition or with diverse levels of 2, 4-D, the cell suspension culture which consisted maily of cell or cell aqqregates, was established. A great amount of protoplasts were released from mesophyll of sterile seedlings and cell suspension cultures, with protoplast yields 5×105/g FW and 2.5×105/g FW respectively,and viability above 80%.
Study on Soil Moisture Characteristics of Different Forest Vegetations in Jiulongshan, BeiJing
Zhou Zefu, Li Changzhe
1994, 7(1): 48-53.
Abstract:
Soil moisture retention characters of different forest vegetations in Juilongshan were analysed by measurement of soil water characteristics in the field.The result showed there was a high power function correlation between the soil moisture content and the potential of soil water. The mathematical model is:θ=aSb.Soil moisture retention of different forest vegetations were ranged in order from better ones to poor ones as follows:schattenseite shrubland,schattenseite bare soil,schattenseite Pinus tabulaeformis forest soil, endroit shrubland, endroit bare soil,endroit Platycladus orientalis forest soil. Slope orientation and vegetation type are the main factors affecting the soil moisture retention. On the same slope orientation,soil moisture retention of shrub forest land was better than that of the high-forest land.In all the forest land, the soil moisture retention of superficial soil (0~20 cm) was better than that of subsurface soil (20~60 cm). On the same site,the soil factors influencing the soil moisture retention characters in medium and low suction range are soil structure, organic matter content and soil texture.
A Comparison of Quantitative Tables of Site Quality for Shrubs Established by Two Different Methods
Zhu Lingyi, Yu Jiuru, Yang Zhongxin, Wang Bei, Wei Shaomin, Wang Baofang
1994, 7(1): 54-60.
Abstract:
Two different methods were used to establish the quantitative tables of site quality for 8 common species of shrubs: Caragana intermedia;Caragana korskinskii; Hedysarum scoparium; Hedysarum laere;Salix spammo-phila; Artemisia ordosica; Artemisia sphaerocephala and Hippophae rhammoides. Weight of biomass of the shrubs was used as an index to establish the tables.The model of quantitative theory (Ⅰ) was used to establish the first table. The second table was established by using the combination of model of quantitative theory (Ⅰ) and model of multiple regression. At first,the quantitative tables of the crown width and shrub height were worked out,then the data was used in the model of multiple regression. Finally, the relative errors were calculated through theoretic values and realistic values.The relative errors of the first table was 10%~19%, while those of the second one 46%~359%.
Studies on the Growth of Poplar Plantation of Different Spacings
Xu Hongyuan, Chen Zhangshui
1994, 7(1): 61-66.
Abstract:
Data of Ⅰ-69 poplar plantations of 11 different spacings was used to build the D.B.H. and H growth models. Through comparison of 6 kinds of different models, one best suitable model was selected for the H growth (Logistic model) and one for the D.B.H. growth model (mitscherlich model). The D.B.H. growth of trees of 11 different spacings can be classified into 5 groups: (4m×6m, 4m×7m); (5m×6m, 6m×6m); (5m×8m, 6m×8m, 7m×7m); (5m×10m, 7m×8m, 8m×8m); (5m×15m). Different spacings didn't affect the H growth of poplar plantations. Through the analysis of annual D.B.H. growth, the tree growth in different stages was studied in detail. It provides a scientific and theoretical basis for the cultivation and mangagement of poplar plantation.
Studies on Nuclear Polyhedrosis virus of the Poplar Looper(Apocheima cinerarius) Ⅶ. Test Efficency Evaluation of Aci NPV lnsecticide in Field
Wang Guicheng, Yu Zailing, Wu Yan
1994, 7(1): 67-71.
Abstract:
Experiment conducted on large block showed that Aci NPV insecticide were quite effective in the control of the larvae when it was used in the field.It has been proved that once the virus is introduced into the forests,whatever it is sprayed at high, low or even ultra-low volume,or whatever it is applied in air or on ground,epizootic frequency will occur in the larval population. The results of the experiments were quite satisfactory.The larval population reduced rate was 85% to 96% in the year of application.In ground-spraying, the dosage was 3.0 × l011~6.0 × l011 PIB/hm2 with a lowest dosage of 2.03×1011PIB/hm2,while in air-spraying,the dosage of aerial ultra-low spraying was 3.75×l011PIB/hm2 with a lowest dosage of 1.88 ×1011 PIB/hm2.The observation suggests that a strategy of spraying every other line would reduce the cost of operation spray programs 63.8%. The suitable time for spraying was when 80% of the larval population was composed of lst and 2nd instar ones.
Studies on the Biological Characteristics of Pathogen, Diplodia pinea of Slash pine Dieback
Jing Yao, Sun Danping
1994, 7(1): 72-74.
Abstract:
The pathogenic fungus causing dieback of slash pine is Diplodia pinea(Desm.)Kickx.In full light and at 25~31℃,the fungus grows best on PDA medium,and forms its fructification early. Its conidia germinate best on l0% needle in fusion of Pinus elliottrii and P.tablaeformis. Its germination percentage after 6 hours reaches over 90%. Optimum temperature for conidial germination is between 25℃ to 30℃,and pH 6~7 the most favorable.Germination percentage in water drops is higher than that under saturated moisture condition,Light has no obvious influence on conidial germinating.
Study on the Niche Characteristics of Main Tree Populations in Tropical Mountain Rain Forest at Jianfengling, Hainan lsland
Li Yide
1994, 7(1): 78-85.
Abstract:
In this paper,the niche characteristics of main tree populations in tropical mountain rain forest(20 species for original and 33 species for regenerative forest)have been measurted at Jianfengling of Hainan Island.The niche characteristics included niche breadth,niche proportional similarity and niche overlap. The results indicated that:① all of the species in the original forest have the narrow niche,only several species in the regenerative forest have broader niche such as Castanopsis fissa,Sapium discolor,C.tonkinensis etc. according to the Shannon-Wienner's and Levins' niche breadth indexes;② the Colwell and Futugma's proportional similarity index and Levins' overlap index values of all pairs species are very low.In the tropical forest,the relationship between populations are very complex and many species share with the resources in a small biotope.
Fauna and Ecological Distribution of Lycaenids at Jianfengling in Hainan lsland
Gu Maobin, Chen Peizhen, Zhang Zhencai
1994, 7(1): 86-92.
Abstract:
l03 species of lycaenids have collected at Jianfengling forest area in Hainan Island,the Jianfengling forest area is one of the richest lycaenid district in the world.Most of the lycaenid species are distributed in the tropical semi-deciduous monsoon forest,tropical evergreen monsoon forest and tropical mountain rain forest.8l species of lycaenid have been collected in tropical mountain forest,accounting for 78.64% of the total species in the forest area.There are 84 species distributing in the Orient Region accounting for 81.55% of the total and 40 species are of peculiar species in Asian tropical district. 17 species of them are new records in China,and l9 species are of dominant species.
Study on the Microclimate Effects in Different Tree-tea lntercropping Mokels and Pure Tea Plantation
Huang Shoubo, Fan Xinghai, Fu Maoyi, Fu Jinhe
1994, 7(1): 93-100.
Abstract:
The microclimate observation in the Chinese fir-tea, hairy chestnut-tea intercropping models and pure tea plantation have been made in the summer of l992 in Huangshan City,Anhui Province. The result indi-cate that when the plant covering level increases in tea plantation intercropp-ing with trees, the relative intensity of illumination,air temperature,soil temperature,temperature differentiation between day and night,and wind speed decrease,but air humidity increases.In Chinese firtea,hairy chestnut-tea and pure tea plantations,the relative intensity of illumination is 41%, 63%,and,100% respectively;average day air temperature 25.0℃,26.4℃ and 27.2℃ respectively;soil temperatures differentiation(0 cm) between day and night 6.4℃,10.5℃ and l9.7℃ respectively;average wind speed at the height of 200 cm 0.3 ms-1,0.4 ms-1 and 0.6 ms-1 respectively;Compared with that of the pure tea plantation,the relative humidity and absolute one of Chinese fir-tea intercropping models increase 6% and 4 hpa respectively;the hairy chestnut-tea intercropping model's does 4% and 2 hpa respedtively.
Studies on the Bionomics and Control of Hyposidra aquilaria Walker (Lepidoptera:Geometridae)
Chen Shunli, Tong Wengang, Li Yougong
1994, 7(1): 101-105.
Abstract:
Hyposidra aquilaria Walker is a serious pest of Acacia mearnsii De Wild.in Fujian Province. It has 5 generations a year and overwinters as pupa in the loosen soil. Adults begin to emerge in mid-March in the following year. The egg stage lasts 7.2~9.3 days.The larvae generally have 5 instars and they last l8.4~29.5 days.The larvae feed on the tender leaves. The overwintering pupae lasts 148.4 days and the pupae of other generations last 9.3~13.1 days. The adult moths live for 4~12 days.The average number of eggs of a female is found to be 604.The important natural enemies of H.aquilaria are Bracon chinensis,Apanteles ruficrus and the spider Oxyopes sertatus, Pardosa laura.The effective measures to kill 1~3 instar larvae are spraying 100 times of 20% Fenvalerate with ultra low volume or dusting Beauveria bassiana powder in the field.
A Study on Chemical Compositions of Astringent and Non-astringent Type Fruits of Persimmons
Fei Xueqian, Wang Jingfeng, Zhou Lihong, Gong Bangchu, Wu Kaiyun
1994, 7(1): 106-110.
Abstract:
This study Was carried out to clarified the chemical compositions and their differences of four Japanese non-astringent persimmon cultiver fruits and two local astringent ones.Sugars,fat,celluse, soluble tanin,protein and components of amino acids,vitamins,mineral elements and ash contents were determined.1.The contents of soluble tanin in non-astringent type was 0.09~0.495 mg/100g FW which was far fewer than that of the local astringent type.2.The non-astringent cultivers had higher contents of vitamin B1,niacin and,β-carotene than those of astringent ones.Vc content of Jiro was l21.49 mg/100g FW which was 2.45 times of that of astringent ciltiver Fangshi.But two polination variant non-astringent cultiver,Zenjinaru and Nishimura Wase had much lower Vc concentration than that of the other types.3.The contents of the trace elements,such as Fe,Zn,Se,were obviously higher in non-astringent type than the others.
Studie on the Change of Damage made by Oligia vulgaris in Bamboo stands converted from “off” year to“on”year and Its Control
Zheng Guohua, Wang Guohua, Chen Shunfa, Tian Xiwen, Zou Jiaci
1994, 7(1): 111-115.
Abstract:
Mao bamboo Phyllostachys pubescens Mazelex H. de Lehaie stands occupies l6 000 hm2 in area in Longyou County Zhejiang Province,70% of which ranks with stands of“on”and “off” year and low yield.Productivity is improved by the new managing system of conversion of bamboo stands from“on”and “off” year to even year. This paper indicates that Oligia vulgaris (Butler),an important insect pest on bamboo shoots,causes increasing damage in converted stands,and leads over 90% of new shoots worthless in severe cases.The percentage of shoots damaged correlates linearly with the cover degree of Gramineous grasses, the intermediate hosts of the insect.Digging for weeding in bamboo stands significantly reduces shoot losses.Effective control of the insect can be achieved by either spraying l0% glyphosate on grasses at the rate of 7 500 mL/hm2 in late February,or spraying 40% SN-85l and 40% omethoate,each at the rate of 600 mL/hm2,on new shoots at the beginning of shoots remaining in early April.
Relationship between Canker-tolerance and Spring-freezing Tolerance of Poplar Clones
Yang Zixiang, Wang Taizhen, Hao Hong, Kang Zhongxin, Jiang Yongfan
1994, 7(1): 116-120.
Abstract:
To find out the inducing cause for poplar canker,the changes of relative conductivity and branch vitality of sprouting and dormant branches of ll poplar clones were measured under freezing condition. The results showed that under -5~-25℃ freezing condition,the changes of relative conductivity of the sprouting branches were significant.Among the ll poplar clones,the increase of relative conductivity and decrease of branch vitality were obviously relevant to the increase of infection rate and infection index of the clones.Therefore,the spring-freezing tolerance of the sprouting branches was negatively relevant to the canker tolerance of the clones.The changes of relative conductivity and branch vitality of dormant branches were not obvious and they had nothing to do with their canker tolerance.
Responses of seeds of spruce, larch and other conifers to water stress in the seed germination stage
Ma Changgeng, Wang Jianhua
1994, 7(1): 121-124.
Abstract:
To explore the drought resistance of spruce, larch,Chinese pine and Chinese fir,their seed germinations were conducted on filter paper saturated with different osmotic potential solutions containing Polyethylene glycol 6 000 in petri dishes placed under the conditions for tissue culture. The results showed that the seed germination susceptible to water stress was varied among the species studied.This performance indicated that the adaptability of seed germination to soil water content exhibited significant differences among these tree species.Therefore,their drought resistance very differentiated and this difference in responses to water stress during seed germination stage reflected water availability in their natural ranges.
Computer Aided Plan Design for a Paper Mill Scale
Wang Jieyi, Ji Ping, Ma Hong
1994, 7(1): 125-128.
Abstract:
With the analysis of the technical data of the large and medium sized paper mill in the country,and in accordance with the specific conditions of the forest areas along the Songhuajiang River,this paper describes a computer aided plan design for paper mill scale along the river.