1994 Vol. 7, No. 2
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1994, 7(2): 129-132.
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Abstract:
The research results showed that the inoculation effect for C. cunninghamiana and C. glacua were better than that for C. junghuhniana, The seedlings of Casuarina withdifferent Frankia strains displayed distinct differences on the growth, ground diameter and biomass especially those which were inoculated with the three strains of 9022,9031 and 9045 increased biomass by 46%～47% after nine months in comparison to the uninoctilated seedlings.Ca,Co,P and Mg can promoted the inoculation-effects,the seedlings applied with these nutrient elements raised 26.94%～66.24% height than that of the control.The seedlings growth and nitrogen-fixing ability were limited by P. The N content in the inoculated seedlings was more than that of the uninoculated seedlings, These results demonstrate thepotential to increase the productivity of Casuarina plantation by inoculation with Frankia andby alleviation of P deficiency.
The research results showed that the inoculation effect for C. cunninghamiana and C. glacua were better than that for C. junghuhniana, The seedlings of Casuarina withdifferent Frankia strains displayed distinct differences on the growth, ground diameter and biomass especially those which were inoculated with the three strains of 9022,9031 and 9045 increased biomass by 46%～47% after nine months in comparison to the uninoctilated seedlings.Ca,Co,P and Mg can promoted the inoculation-effects,the seedlings applied with these nutrient elements raised 26.94%～66.24% height than that of the control.The seedlings growth and nitrogen-fixing ability were limited by P. The N content in the inoculated seedlings was more than that of the uninoculated seedlings, These results demonstrate thepotential to increase the productivity of Casuarina plantation by inoculation with Frankia andby alleviation of P deficiency.
1994, 7(2): 133-142.
Abstract:
A trial of 30 Acacia mearnsii provenances,13 hm2 in area,was laid out on fivesites in four southern provinces in China. The 5-year results of the trial showed there are significant differences between provenances in growth rate,tree form and bark thickness.Average volume of single-tree of 6 superior provenances are 21%～95% higher than theoverall mean,and the content of the tannin of 6 superior provenances are 2%～7% higherthan the overall mean.No significant differences were found in interactions between sitesand provenance performances,The provenances have higher stability.Lastly,6 superior provenances are selected for per site.
A trial of 30 Acacia mearnsii provenances,13 hm2 in area,was laid out on fivesites in four southern provinces in China. The 5-year results of the trial showed there are significant differences between provenances in growth rate,tree form and bark thickness.Average volume of single-tree of 6 superior provenances are 21%～95% higher than theoverall mean,and the content of the tannin of 6 superior provenances are 2%～7% higherthan the overall mean.No significant differences were found in interactions between sitesand provenance performances,The provenances have higher stability.Lastly,6 superior provenances are selected for per site.
1994, 7(2): 143-148.
Abstract:
The species diversity of 18 bush communities of Jiulongshan in Beijing are measured by means of Shannon—Wiener index,And community evenness and ecological dominance of these plant communities are measured also,The Shannon—Wiener species diversity index is around 1.55～3.44,the communities evenness 0.54～0.89,and the ecological dominance 0.12～0.47.The species diversity increases as the habitat condition becomes better,latitude higher,and commtinity structure more complicated.The species diversity has intimate correlation with community structure,which goes up with the ascent of commtinity evenness and goes down when the ecological dominance increases. The restilt of the research will help to raise the level of study on the structure model of natural shrub forest for water and soil conservation.
The species diversity of 18 bush communities of Jiulongshan in Beijing are measured by means of Shannon—Wiener index,And community evenness and ecological dominance of these plant communities are measured also,The Shannon—Wiener species diversity index is around 1.55～3.44,the communities evenness 0.54～0.89,and the ecological dominance 0.12～0.47.The species diversity increases as the habitat condition becomes better,latitude higher,and commtinity structure more complicated.The species diversity has intimate correlation with community structure,which goes up with the ascent of commtinity evenness and goes down when the ecological dominance increases. The restilt of the research will help to raise the level of study on the structure model of natural shrub forest for water and soil conservation.
1994, 7(2): 149-154.
Abstract:
16 seedling characteristics of genotype of 239 samples belonging to 9 speciesin Paulownia genus had been tested in nursery in Zhizong County,Sichuan Province from1983 to 1985.The correlation of each two characteristics and the data are analysed throtighthe method of stepwise regression, The results are as follows:1.there are significant correlations between 13 characteristics including height and diameter at ground level etc. Thatmeans the other characteristics will probably be improved more or less while some characteristics are improved.2.there are obvious differences in correlation coefficient and repeat heritability of species and characteristics so that the selection of characteristics at nursery stagewould be different in species and varied characteristics. 3.in the Paulownia genus the majorfactors influencing height and diameter of roots cuttings and regression eqtiation are indicatedin this paper.
16 seedling characteristics of genotype of 239 samples belonging to 9 speciesin Paulownia genus had been tested in nursery in Zhizong County,Sichuan Province from1983 to 1985.The correlation of each two characteristics and the data are analysed throtighthe method of stepwise regression, The results are as follows:1.there are significant correlations between 13 characteristics including height and diameter at ground level etc. Thatmeans the other characteristics will probably be improved more or less while some characteristics are improved.2.there are obvious differences in correlation coefficient and repeat heritability of species and characteristics so that the selection of characteristics at nursery stagewould be different in species and varied characteristics. 3.in the Paulownia genus the majorfactors influencing height and diameter of roots cuttings and regression eqtiation are indicatedin this paper.
1994, 7(2): 155-161.
Abstract:
Resistance of the clones and hybrids in genus Paulownia were evaltiated by field investigation and DAPI staining fluorescence microscopy for MLO detection,Restilts showed that four types of symptoms were usually occurred in adult diseased trees,i.e. I.witches' broom(WB),Ⅱ.yellowing(Y),Ⅲ.witches' broom & yellowing(WB+Y),and Ⅳ.witches' broom &Phyllody,(WB+P).Symptom expression of diseased trees are directlyrelevant to the MLO concentration within the sieve tubes of vascular tissues.In general,the MLO concentration varies from high to low in order as follows:phyllody,witches'broom,yellowing and healthy-like parts.However,MLO population in the roots of all the cloneswere indistinguishable by means of DAPI staining fluorescence microscopy. There wereapparent differences in the resistances of various clones and hybrids to MLOs. According tothe types of symptoms,disease index and MLO detection results,the testing material can bedivided into three categories:high-resistant,middle-resistant and susceptible. Several goodclones and hybrids with high resistance and ideal growth character were screened.
Resistance of the clones and hybrids in genus Paulownia were evaltiated by field investigation and DAPI staining fluorescence microscopy for MLO detection,Restilts showed that four types of symptoms were usually occurred in adult diseased trees,i.e. I.witches' broom(WB),Ⅱ.yellowing(Y),Ⅲ.witches' broom & yellowing(WB+Y),and Ⅳ.witches' broom &Phyllody,(WB+P).Symptom expression of diseased trees are directlyrelevant to the MLO concentration within the sieve tubes of vascular tissues.In general,the MLO concentration varies from high to low in order as follows:phyllody,witches'broom,yellowing and healthy-like parts.However,MLO population in the roots of all the cloneswere indistinguishable by means of DAPI staining fluorescence microscopy. There wereapparent differences in the resistances of various clones and hybrids to MLOs. According tothe types of symptoms,disease index and MLO detection results,the testing material can bedivided into three categories:high-resistant,middle-resistant and susceptible. Several goodclones and hybrids with high resistance and ideal growth character were screened.
1994, 7(2): 162-167.
Abstract:
The rainfall regulation and holding capacity of the forest canopy,litter andsoil in Jiulong Mountain were studied. The results showed that:mean annual rainfall interception rate of forest canopy in 25-year-old artificial plantation of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.and Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco is about 22%～32%; the mean interception rateof heavy rain storm 7%～10%,The effective amoun of retention by litter 0.46～2.42 mm.The capacity of regulation and rainfall holding of soil horizon could be classified into 3 categories:fast,slow and changed regulation.Among them,the fast regulation amount is between 35～48 mm,the slow regulation amount 54～48 mm,and the changed regulation amount 28～52 mm.The sum of the three is called as the effective amount of regulation and holding,which is between 103～141 mm,It is clear that the soil horizon posseses the greatestcapacity.Although the annual amount of rainfall regulation of the forest canopy is ratherlarge,its regulation amount to heavy rainstorm accounts for only 10% of the total.
The rainfall regulation and holding capacity of the forest canopy,litter andsoil in Jiulong Mountain were studied. The results showed that:mean annual rainfall interception rate of forest canopy in 25-year-old artificial plantation of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.and Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco is about 22%～32%; the mean interception rateof heavy rain storm 7%～10%,The effective amoun of retention by litter 0.46～2.42 mm.The capacity of regulation and rainfall holding of soil horizon could be classified into 3 categories:fast,slow and changed regulation.Among them,the fast regulation amount is between 35～48 mm,the slow regulation amount 54～48 mm,and the changed regulation amount 28～52 mm.The sum of the three is called as the effective amount of regulation and holding,which is between 103～141 mm,It is clear that the soil horizon posseses the greatestcapacity.Although the annual amount of rainfall regulation of the forest canopy is ratherlarge,its regulation amount to heavy rainstorm accounts for only 10% of the total.
1994, 7(2): 168-174.
Abstract:
The rooting mechanism of cuttings from three new.poplar clones (NL-80l06,NL-80121,NL-80351) has been studied from the anatomical view point.The results showedthat clone NL-80l06 had better rooting ability than the other two clones, The latent rootagetissues of cuttings can be formed on the ortet during the early period of growth,which camefrom the crossband of rays and camibium of roots.The number of latent rootage tisstiesincreased with the increase of seedling growth,The relationship between rooting ability andthe number of latent rootage tissues is not significant.
The rooting mechanism of cuttings from three new.poplar clones (NL-80l06,NL-80121,NL-80351) has been studied from the anatomical view point.The results showedthat clone NL-80l06 had better rooting ability than the other two clones, The latent rootagetissues of cuttings can be formed on the ortet during the early period of growth,which camefrom the crossband of rays and camibium of roots.The number of latent rootage tisstiesincreased with the increase of seedling growth,The relationship between rooting ability andthe number of latent rootage tissues is not significant.
1994, 7(2): 175-180.
Abstract:
Based on the stand growth models,a discrete deterministic dynamic program-ming model was established which took the management index as state variables, the mean diameter of final cutting as a goal and the total volume as the objective function at the time when the goal is reached.A computer simulation system was produced. With this system,the optimum thinning time,thinning intensity and final cutting age could be decided for larch plantation with different goals.The result shows that the number of reserved trees,number of times of thinning and total volume yield calculated by this method are better than those by the common one.It not only forecasts growth of stand for larch plantation but also provides basis for making managerial plans.
Based on the stand growth models,a discrete deterministic dynamic program-ming model was established which took the management index as state variables, the mean diameter of final cutting as a goal and the total volume as the objective function at the time when the goal is reached.A computer simulation system was produced. With this system,the optimum thinning time,thinning intensity and final cutting age could be decided for larch plantation with different goals.The result shows that the number of reserved trees,number of times of thinning and total volume yield calculated by this method are better than those by the common one.It not only forecasts growth of stand for larch plantation but also provides basis for making managerial plans.
1994, 7(2): 181-186.
Abstract:
To improve the level of the scientific and technological management and toenhance the function of scientists in academic advisory and other social activities,a study wasundertaken to establish the first data bank of forestry experts and management informationsystem.In this data bank the information is stored in different data files of 584 experts,whoare specialized in 26 subjects of forestry sciences and work for more than 200 institutions,doing research,teaching or practical work. Of these experts,96% are ranked on senior positionswith academic qualification, practical experiences and being well-known,These experts willwell function to meet the need for forestry consultancy and scientific-technological mai1agement.The data bank and information system has several basic functions in data storage,maintenance,statistics,information searching and printing.This data bank and informationsystem is made in a quite easy and efficient mode to operate,users do not need to compile anycomputing programmes,The expert files stored can be at any time retrieved,added,and modified.
To improve the level of the scientific and technological management and toenhance the function of scientists in academic advisory and other social activities,a study wasundertaken to establish the first data bank of forestry experts and management informationsystem.In this data bank the information is stored in different data files of 584 experts,whoare specialized in 26 subjects of forestry sciences and work for more than 200 institutions,doing research,teaching or practical work. Of these experts,96% are ranked on senior positionswith academic qualification, practical experiences and being well-known,These experts willwell function to meet the need for forestry consultancy and scientific-technological mai1agement.The data bank and information system has several basic functions in data storage,maintenance,statistics,information searching and printing.This data bank and informationsystem is made in a quite easy and efficient mode to operate,users do not need to compile anycomputing programmes,The expert files stored can be at any time retrieved,added,and modified.
1994, 7(2): 187-192.
Abstract:
Micadina yingdeensis Chen et He is a new species of Phasmida which wasfirst discovered in the forest of Yingde County of Guangdong Province where it caused serious damage to Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.forest. Nymphs and adults fed on leaves of Fagaceae,especially on the leaves of Castanopsis fissa.The damage caused by the adults wasthe most.It has 2～3 generations a year with generation overrapping.The eggs deposited bythe adults of the first and second generations overwintered under the leaf litter.During thelast ten days of the following February,the eggs began hatching.The peak period of the over-wintered adults was from mid-May to late-May.During this period an applications of 3% BHC smoke with a dosage of 15 kg/hm2 could kill this pest and resulted in over 85% mortality.Spraying with Metarhizium anisopliae powder at a dosage of 1.5×1013 spores/hm2 also gave an effective control of 70% mortality.
Micadina yingdeensis Chen et He is a new species of Phasmida which wasfirst discovered in the forest of Yingde County of Guangdong Province where it caused serious damage to Castanopsis fissa Rehd.et Wils.forest. Nymphs and adults fed on leaves of Fagaceae,especially on the leaves of Castanopsis fissa.The damage caused by the adults wasthe most.It has 2～3 generations a year with generation overrapping.The eggs deposited bythe adults of the first and second generations overwintered under the leaf litter.During thelast ten days of the following February,the eggs began hatching.The peak period of the over-wintered adults was from mid-May to late-May.During this period an applications of 3% BHC smoke with a dosage of 15 kg/hm2 could kill this pest and resulted in over 85% mortality.Spraying with Metarhizium anisopliae powder at a dosage of 1.5×1013 spores/hm2 also gave an effective control of 70% mortality.
1994, 7(2): 193-198.
Abstract:
The seeds of masson pine from five seed sources within three climate zoneswere stored in two ways.The quality of the stored seeds was measured year by year in 11years after seed collection.The results showed that,using the method of open storage in theair,the germination rate of the seeds was reduced to 2%～0% after 3～4 years and the vitality were forfeited entirely,while using closed storage method under low temperature of 2～4℃,the seeds from northern subtropical zone could be stored for 8 years,middle subtropicalzone over 10 years,and southern subtropical zone 3～4 years,when their germination ratewere still over 70% of the originai germination rate,and the stored seeds could still be usedin production.The stored seeds must be developed normally and ripen completely,and soshould be collected in optimum seed-collecting time.
The seeds of masson pine from five seed sources within three climate zoneswere stored in two ways.The quality of the stored seeds was measured year by year in 11years after seed collection.The results showed that,using the method of open storage in theair,the germination rate of the seeds was reduced to 2%～0% after 3～4 years and the vitality were forfeited entirely,while using closed storage method under low temperature of 2～4℃,the seeds from northern subtropical zone could be stored for 8 years,middle subtropicalzone over 10 years,and southern subtropical zone 3～4 years,when their germination ratewere still over 70% of the originai germination rate,and the stored seeds could still be usedin production.The stored seeds must be developed normally and ripen completely,and soshould be collected in optimum seed-collecting time.
1994, 7(2): 199-202.
Abstract:
There were very significant differences in volume growth between the overall15 provenances,which were involved in the test,of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid.,prove-nances of north Queensland performed better than the others,one seedlot of Coff's Harbotirand seed sources from the seed orchard of South Africa were relatively inferior.It was notfound that any significant variation existed in wood density between provenances,however,tree to tree variation within the species was considerable in the range from 350 to 670 kg/m3 with mean value of density 432 kg/m3.
There were very significant differences in volume growth between the overall15 provenances,which were involved in the test,of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid.,prove-nances of north Queensland performed better than the others,one seedlot of Coff's Harbotirand seed sources from the seed orchard of South Africa were relatively inferior.It was notfound that any significant variation existed in wood density between provenances,however,tree to tree variation within the species was considerable in the range from 350 to 670 kg/m3 with mean value of density 432 kg/m3.
1994, 7(2): 203-205.
Abstract:
The changing of activity of peroxidase isoenzymes in Crataegus pinnatifida var.major infection by witches'broom agent(MLO)was studied.The result showedthat the activities of peroxidase isozymes in the diseased plants were weaker than those of thehealthy plants,and the site of enzyme bands is different.The changing of the activity of peroxidase isozyme in the diseased gradations is contrary to the degree of diseased symptom,theheavier the diseased symptom,the weaker the enzyme activity.
The changing of activity of peroxidase isoenzymes in Crataegus pinnatifida var.major infection by witches'broom agent(MLO)was studied.The result showedthat the activities of peroxidase isozymes in the diseased plants were weaker than those of thehealthy plants,and the site of enzyme bands is different.The changing of the activity of peroxidase isozyme in the diseased gradations is contrary to the degree of diseased symptom,theheavier the diseased symptom,the weaker the enzyme activity.
1994, 7(2): 206-209.
Abstract:
Selection and culture of 20 strains of ECM fungi belongig to nine generawere conducted in Larix spp.with modified R. Molina's method.Hebeloma mesophaeum,Lactarius insulsus,Cortinarius russus and Suillus grevillei are selected to be excellent species.The four species of ECM fungi could enhance the growth of L.gmelini and L. olgensis.PDMA and PD are the agar and liquid medium suitable for the growth of the four selectedstrains.Solid substracts are vermiculate and peat.
Selection and culture of 20 strains of ECM fungi belongig to nine generawere conducted in Larix spp.with modified R. Molina's method.Hebeloma mesophaeum,Lactarius insulsus,Cortinarius russus and Suillus grevillei are selected to be excellent species.The four species of ECM fungi could enhance the growth of L.gmelini and L. olgensis.PDMA and PD are the agar and liquid medium suitable for the growth of the four selectedstrains.Solid substracts are vermiculate and peat.
Studies on the Spatial Distridution and Sampling Technique for the Larval Population of Gilpinia sp.
1994, 7(2): 210-214.
Abstract:
In this paper,the spatial distribution and sampling technique for larval population of Gilpinia sp.was studied.The larval population of Gilpinia sp. belongs to aggregated distribution in stand,and the aggregated level goes against the density of the larval population. The basical component of the distribution is the individual colony. The distribution ofindividuals in the colony are in random. “Five”point sarnpling and single diagonal line sampling are suitable ones for population density investigation. If a rough estimate for population density is needed, the following model can be used:m=89.084[-ln(1-p)-1.2018].
In this paper,the spatial distribution and sampling technique for larval population of Gilpinia sp.was studied.The larval population of Gilpinia sp. belongs to aggregated distribution in stand,and the aggregated level goes against the density of the larval population. The basical component of the distribution is the individual colony. The distribution ofindividuals in the colony are in random. “Five”point sarnpling and single diagonal line sampling are suitable ones for population density investigation. If a rough estimate for population density is needed, the following model can be used:m=89.084[-ln(1-p)-1.2018].
1994, 7(2): 215-219.
Abstract:
Two years research results showed that the emergence of the adults of Monochamus alternatus started in the first and second ten days of May in 1991 and 1992 respectively. The peak emergence stage showed in the last ten days of May and the first tendays of June,and the second peak emergence stage occurred in the second ten days of June,and the emergence period ended in the second and last ten days of July in 1991 and 1992.After emergence the adults conducted the replenishing feeding of 1～3-year-old shoot ofthe pines,the adults fed on different species of coniferous trees.Their preferrence is in orderas follows:Pinus serotinaP. massonianaP. armandiP. densifloraP. massonianax P. thunbergiiP. taedaCedrus deodaraP. thunbergiiP. rigidaP. elliottiiP.palustris, while in the area of Nanjing the order is:Pinus massonianaP. densifloraCedrus deodaraP. taedaP. elliottiiP. thunbergiiSabina viginianaCun-ninghamia lanceolata.The first and second peak of the emergence are the most suitable time for control. Atthat time spraying twice of pesticide(3% of Sumithion and 1% of MPP)in the last ten daysof May and the second ten days of June respectively can significantly reduce the population ofthe beetles and the number of dead pine tree damaged by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
Two years research results showed that the emergence of the adults of Monochamus alternatus started in the first and second ten days of May in 1991 and 1992 respectively. The peak emergence stage showed in the last ten days of May and the first tendays of June,and the second peak emergence stage occurred in the second ten days of June,and the emergence period ended in the second and last ten days of July in 1991 and 1992.After emergence the adults conducted the replenishing feeding of 1～3-year-old shoot ofthe pines,the adults fed on different species of coniferous trees.Their preferrence is in orderas follows:Pinus serotinaP. massonianaP. armandiP. densifloraP. massonianax P. thunbergiiP. taedaCedrus deodaraP. thunbergiiP. rigidaP. elliottiiP.palustris, while in the area of Nanjing the order is:Pinus massonianaP. densifloraCedrus deodaraP. taedaP. elliottiiP. thunbergiiSabina viginianaCun-ninghamia lanceolata.The first and second peak of the emergence are the most suitable time for control. Atthat time spraying twice of pesticide(3% of Sumithion and 1% of MPP)in the last ten daysof May and the second ten days of June respectively can significantly reduce the population ofthe beetles and the number of dead pine tree damaged by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
1994, 7(2): 220-223.
Abstract:
A research was made during 1987～1989 on the phenology, regular growthpatterns,root system and vigor of sprouts of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. at hot-dry valley ofYuanjiang County,Yunnan Province. The results have shown that the growing incrementfrom June to August accounts for 40%～50% of the whole growth of a year. Root system is well developed with a strong main root.The stumps are vigorous in rejuvenation and theirshoots of 4 months are long enough to be inoculated with lac insects.The average height ofthe transplanted seedlings can be up to 240 cm within 3 years;canopy 180 cm×220 cm ap-proximately;branches 2～3;length of shoot 65 cm. The total length of the useful shoots ofa tree is about 290 cm.
A research was made during 1987～1989 on the phenology, regular growthpatterns,root system and vigor of sprouts of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. at hot-dry valley ofYuanjiang County,Yunnan Province. The results have shown that the growing incrementfrom June to August accounts for 40%～50% of the whole growth of a year. Root system is well developed with a strong main root.The stumps are vigorous in rejuvenation and theirshoots of 4 months are long enough to be inoculated with lac insects.The average height ofthe transplanted seedlings can be up to 240 cm within 3 years;canopy 180 cm×220 cm ap-proximately;branches 2～3;length of shoot 65 cm. The total length of the useful shoots ofa tree is about 290 cm.
1994, 7(2): 224-226.
Abstract:
Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.is a chief host plant of the fine species of lac insects,Kerria lacca and K. sindica. During 1986～1988,a pilot experiment was carried out on transformation of the wild trees at Yuanmao Couty,Yunnan Province and satisfactory results were obtained as follows:From each stump 6～8 shoots can be regenerated. Thickness of the shoots is 2.0～3.0 cm in general, the thickest 4.68 cm in diameter;average length above 2.0m,the longest 3.55 m. These shoots can then be used to inoculate lac insects and give a large yield of raw lac of 3.0～6.0 kg per stump in the third year,the highest reaching 7.83 kg offering 40～80 yuan per stump.
Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.is a chief host plant of the fine species of lac insects,Kerria lacca and K. sindica. During 1986～1988,a pilot experiment was carried out on transformation of the wild trees at Yuanmao Couty,Yunnan Province and satisfactory results were obtained as follows:From each stump 6～8 shoots can be regenerated. Thickness of the shoots is 2.0～3.0 cm in general, the thickest 4.68 cm in diameter;average length above 2.0m,the longest 3.55 m. These shoots can then be used to inoculate lac insects and give a large yield of raw lac of 3.0～6.0 kg per stump in the third year,the highest reaching 7.83 kg offering 40～80 yuan per stump.
1994, 7(2): 227-229.
Abstract:
Euonymus carnosus Hesml is a species of autumn redleaved tree of ornamentalvalue. The physiological properties of its seed have not been reported before.In this study, observation and measurement on the permeability and inhibitors of the seed coat were made. It was confirmed that poor air permeability of the seed coat resulted in the seed dormancy andthat the seed dormancy can be removed by stratification,preferably with alternating temperature.
Euonymus carnosus Hesml is a species of autumn redleaved tree of ornamentalvalue. The physiological properties of its seed have not been reported before.In this study, observation and measurement on the permeability and inhibitors of the seed coat were made. It was confirmed that poor air permeability of the seed coat resulted in the seed dormancy andthat the seed dormancy can be removed by stratification,preferably with alternating temperature.
1994, 7(2): 230-233.
Abstract:
The experiment on planting in groups with Populus×xiaohei Huang etLiang cv. ‘Chifeng' has been completed in Jianping County, Liaoning Province in l985～1989.The results show that the application of planting in groups in intensive-managed poplar cultivation can increase the timber production up to 34.4%～112.8%,the net production value up to 62.6%～208.5% as compared with the control. And in comparision with the con-ventional method of planting in the same density,it can prolong the time of intercropping for 1～2 years. Among the 3 treatments 3 trees/group is the best, its ratio of economic effectscan reach 8.40,as 4 and 2 trees/group only 7.6 and 6.84 respectively.
The experiment on planting in groups with Populus×xiaohei Huang etLiang cv. ‘Chifeng' has been completed in Jianping County, Liaoning Province in l985～1989.The results show that the application of planting in groups in intensive-managed poplar cultivation can increase the timber production up to 34.4%～112.8%,the net production value up to 62.6%～208.5% as compared with the control. And in comparision with the con-ventional method of planting in the same density,it can prolong the time of intercropping for 1～2 years. Among the 3 treatments 3 trees/group is the best, its ratio of economic effectscan reach 8.40,as 4 and 2 trees/group only 7.6 and 6.84 respectively.
1994, 7(2): 234-237.
Abstract:
21 Populus deltoides Marsh.clones planted in the gene-library in Changqing County,Shangdong Province were used as experimental material to measture their electrolyte permeability and ratio of the unsaturated to sattirated fatty acid in the cell membrane as indexes of cold resistance,The results show that the clones with high cold resistance are No.87,78,91,113,100,those with low cold resistance are No. 36,135,50,30.Those clones with high cold resistance can be expected to be cultivated in further northern regions.
21 Populus deltoides Marsh.clones planted in the gene-library in Changqing County,Shangdong Province were used as experimental material to measture their electrolyte permeability and ratio of the unsaturated to sattirated fatty acid in the cell membrane as indexes of cold resistance,The results show that the clones with high cold resistance are No.87,78,91,113,100,those with low cold resistance are No. 36,135,50,30.Those clones with high cold resistance can be expected to be cultivated in further northern regions.
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