1997 Vol. 10, No. 4
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1997, 10(4): 341-347.
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Abstract:
The inoculation technology and effect of inoculation with Frankia on Casuarina were studied.The results showed that optimal time for inoculation with Frankia on Casuarina was the seedlings of 3～4 cm in height;the optimal methods was before inoculation with Frankia on seedlings cut off their tip of roots.There were no differences among the inoculum of dry or wet alginate beads、peat、vermiculite、liquid on effect of inoculation with Frankia. A high quantity of inoculum for inoculation with Frankia on seedlings was better than the low on effect of inoculation.The dual inoculation of seedlings with Frankia and Bacillus cereus was better than only Frankia on effect of inoculation.The seedlings applied with P、Mg、Ca、Co and mixed with lime in red soil can promoted their growth and indulation.The inoculation with Frankia on seedlings was not only increasing total N and available N of soil,but also organic matter and available K.
The inoculation technology and effect of inoculation with Frankia on Casuarina were studied.The results showed that optimal time for inoculation with Frankia on Casuarina was the seedlings of 3～4 cm in height;the optimal methods was before inoculation with Frankia on seedlings cut off their tip of roots.There were no differences among the inoculum of dry or wet alginate beads、peat、vermiculite、liquid on effect of inoculation with Frankia. A high quantity of inoculum for inoculation with Frankia on seedlings was better than the low on effect of inoculation.The dual inoculation of seedlings with Frankia and Bacillus cereus was better than only Frankia on effect of inoculation.The seedlings applied with P、Mg、Ca、Co and mixed with lime in red soil can promoted their growth and indulation.The inoculation with Frankia on seedlings was not only increasing total N and available N of soil,but also organic matter and available K.
1997, 10(4): 348-355.
Abstract:
The respiration of tropical mountain rain forest in Jianfengling of Hainan Island was measured from 1992 to 1994 by means of chemical method.Based on the pipe model theory,the simulation models of respiration rate of tree′s non assimilation organs(stem,branch and root)and the respiration rates of leaf were conducted.The results indicated that:the respiration rate of fresh leaf was 70.6 mg CO2/(kg·h),the amount of respiration of the forest community (tree layer)at the measurement temperature 24.5 ℃ were 3.5～3.6 t/(hm2.month),of which the stem 1.69～1.73,the branch 0.78～0.79,the leaf 0.81～0.83,the root 0.24～0.25,and yearly respiration was up to 42.2～43.1 t/(hm2·a).So the community needed to consume the organic dry matter up to 22.7～23.2 t/(hm2·a).
The respiration of tropical mountain rain forest in Jianfengling of Hainan Island was measured from 1992 to 1994 by means of chemical method.Based on the pipe model theory,the simulation models of respiration rate of tree′s non assimilation organs(stem,branch and root)and the respiration rates of leaf were conducted.The results indicated that:the respiration rate of fresh leaf was 70.6 mg CO2/(kg·h),the amount of respiration of the forest community (tree layer)at the measurement temperature 24.5 ℃ were 3.5～3.6 t/(hm2.month),of which the stem 1.69～1.73,the branch 0.78～0.79,the leaf 0.81～0.83,the root 0.24～0.25,and yearly respiration was up to 42.2～43.1 t/(hm2·a).So the community needed to consume the organic dry matter up to 22.7～23.2 t/(hm2·a).
1997, 10(4): 356-359.
Abstract:
This paper reports the following results of study on epidemiology of moso bamboo foot rot caused by Arthrinium phaeospermum:(1)The initial infection occurs just at the tender epidermis of basilar part of culm,so the susceptible period when the host can be affected is very short;(2)Both the atmospheric temperature not below 16℃ and the rainfall above 4 mm are essential for the initial infection occuring,if the rain is very heavy during infection period,the disease will be serious;(3)According to the above mentioned results and the climate of South Jiangsu,a forecast technical scheme of moso bamboo foot rot which is on the basis of phenology and weather forecast was worked out.The results of field test from 1992～1994 have shown that this scheme is handy and practical.
This paper reports the following results of study on epidemiology of moso bamboo foot rot caused by Arthrinium phaeospermum:(1)The initial infection occurs just at the tender epidermis of basilar part of culm,so the susceptible period when the host can be affected is very short;(2)Both the atmospheric temperature not below 16℃ and the rainfall above 4 mm are essential for the initial infection occuring,if the rain is very heavy during infection period,the disease will be serious;(3)According to the above mentioned results and the climate of South Jiangsu,a forecast technical scheme of moso bamboo foot rot which is on the basis of phenology and weather forecast was worked out.The results of field test from 1992～1994 have shown that this scheme is handy and practical.
1997, 10(4): 360-364.
Abstract:
The incidence of dried-up die-back of loblolly pine begins in June,it becomes more serious during the dry season from July to September,but the whole process of pathological changes is slow.Three-year experiments have showed that it will achieve good effects to apply sodium borate,compound fertilizer of minor element,ammonium molybdate and citrus minor element fertilizer to the roots or crown of the pines in May or June.The controlling effect of sodium borate,which is applied to the roots 23～25 g/plant yearly or to the crown with its 0.2% water solution,is especially good and stable.This can be popularied and applied in the production.
The incidence of dried-up die-back of loblolly pine begins in June,it becomes more serious during the dry season from July to September,but the whole process of pathological changes is slow.Three-year experiments have showed that it will achieve good effects to apply sodium borate,compound fertilizer of minor element,ammonium molybdate and citrus minor element fertilizer to the roots or crown of the pines in May or June.The controlling effect of sodium borate,which is applied to the roots 23～25 g/plant yearly or to the crown with its 0.2% water solution,is especially good and stable.This can be popularied and applied in the production.
Above ground Primary Productivity and Nutrient Cycling of Eucalyptus grandis ×E.urophylla Plantation
1997, 10(4): 365-372.
Abstract:
After the investigation on tree growth,tree biomass increment,tree nutrient accumulation,litter-fall and it′s decomposition,understorey biomass and nutrient accumulation,nutrient cycling of E.grandis × E.urophylla plantation from 1.5 to 3.5 years old,it is found that the highest growing period of tree diameter and biomass of the plantation was 2 years old, and they were slowing down at 3 years old.Tree biomass of 1.5,2.5 and 3.5 years old plantations were 14.5,28.5 and 38.0 t/hm2 respectively,and the understorey biomass were 2.6,3.4 and 6.3 t/hm2 respectively.Nutrient accumulation by understorey was about 20%～40% of total above ground nutrient accumulation.Annual litter-fall was 5.6 t/hm2. Litter decomposition rate was 55% per year and most nutrient content in litter-fall was lost to soil in a year.This plantation established nutrient cycling system earlier than the others. N fertilization had improved N accumulation and cycling rate obviously.If there is some P fertilization,trees would grow better.
After the investigation on tree growth,tree biomass increment,tree nutrient accumulation,litter-fall and it′s decomposition,understorey biomass and nutrient accumulation,nutrient cycling of E.grandis × E.urophylla plantation from 1.5 to 3.5 years old,it is found that the highest growing period of tree diameter and biomass of the plantation was 2 years old, and they were slowing down at 3 years old.Tree biomass of 1.5,2.5 and 3.5 years old plantations were 14.5,28.5 and 38.0 t/hm2 respectively,and the understorey biomass were 2.6,3.4 and 6.3 t/hm2 respectively.Nutrient accumulation by understorey was about 20%～40% of total above ground nutrient accumulation.Annual litter-fall was 5.6 t/hm2. Litter decomposition rate was 55% per year and most nutrient content in litter-fall was lost to soil in a year.This plantation established nutrient cycling system earlier than the others. N fertilization had improved N accumulation and cycling rate obviously.If there is some P fertilization,trees would grow better.
1997, 10(4): 373-379.
Abstract:
With the reduction of undergrowth coverage in Chinese fir plantation from juvenile to mideum plantation,the amount of soil microorganism,bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and the soil enzyme activity especially the proteinase,phosphorylase,sucrase and the organic nutrient content cut down rapidly.With the increase of undergrowth coverage in Chinese fir plantation from mideum to mature plantation,the amount of soil microorganism,bacteria and the soil enzyme activity especially the proteinase,phosphorylase,sucrase and the organic nutrient content went up gradually.Due to the reduction of phosphorylase and hydrogen peroxidase causing the accumulation of poison as phenolic compounds in the soil of medium plantation.Maybe this is one of the causes for the yield reduction or low survival rate in successive rotation of Chinese fir.
With the reduction of undergrowth coverage in Chinese fir plantation from juvenile to mideum plantation,the amount of soil microorganism,bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and the soil enzyme activity especially the proteinase,phosphorylase,sucrase and the organic nutrient content cut down rapidly.With the increase of undergrowth coverage in Chinese fir plantation from mideum to mature plantation,the amount of soil microorganism,bacteria and the soil enzyme activity especially the proteinase,phosphorylase,sucrase and the organic nutrient content went up gradually.Due to the reduction of phosphorylase and hydrogen peroxidase causing the accumulation of poison as phenolic compounds in the soil of medium plantation.Maybe this is one of the causes for the yield reduction or low survival rate in successive rotation of Chinese fir.
1997, 10(4): 380-382.
Abstract:
The paper reports a polypore species, Phellinus hippophaeicola, which is new to China.Its description is given in detail according to the study on the material from China.The differences between it and the related species are discussed.The species causes significant loss in the forests of Hippophae in western China.
The paper reports a polypore species, Phellinus hippophaeicola, which is new to China.Its description is given in detail according to the study on the material from China.The differences between it and the related species are discussed.The species causes significant loss in the forests of Hippophae in western China.
1997, 10(4): 383-388.
Abstract:
Pot culture experiments were conducted to examine the response of Melaleuca alternifolia seedlings to soil texture and soil moisture content ,and the effect of different ratio of N、P、K on the growth of seedlings of the species. It was found that sandy soil was suitable for the seedlings′ growing and they throve well on damp soil. It was recommended that the combination of N:0.5～1.0,P:0.6～0.9,K:0.8～1.2(g/pot) was appropriate for the growth of seedlings of the species. Field studies were also carried out to access the effect of basal dressing and five treatments of top dressing. The result showed that basal dressing exerted tremendous effect on the growth of the young trees.It was concluded that the application of compound fertilizer Ⅱ(N 16%、P 16%、K 16%)with the dosage of 100 g/tree was the best for the growth of M. alternifolia among the five treatments of top dressing.
Pot culture experiments were conducted to examine the response of Melaleuca alternifolia seedlings to soil texture and soil moisture content ,and the effect of different ratio of N、P、K on the growth of seedlings of the species. It was found that sandy soil was suitable for the seedlings′ growing and they throve well on damp soil. It was recommended that the combination of N:0.5～1.0,P:0.6～0.9,K:0.8～1.2(g/pot) was appropriate for the growth of seedlings of the species. Field studies were also carried out to access the effect of basal dressing and five treatments of top dressing. The result showed that basal dressing exerted tremendous effect on the growth of the young trees.It was concluded that the application of compound fertilizer Ⅱ(N 16%、P 16%、K 16%)with the dosage of 100 g/tree was the best for the growth of M. alternifolia among the five treatments of top dressing.
1997, 10(4): 389-394.
Abstract:
This dissertation,applying the principle of micrometeorology to study and evaluate the effect on the reproduction by alternate strop-felling of shelterbelt. The results show that: 1.after the shelterbelt is reproduced the effect of forest networks 22%; 2. evapo transpiration of forest network after shelterbelt reproduction is 1% more than that of the open wide field;heat flux is 32.9% more than that of the open wide field; turbulent flux is 19.2% lower than that of the open wide field; 3. total radiation of the forest network after shelterbelt reproduction is similar to that of the open wide field; 4. it′s suitable to adopt the cutting which is parallel with the main wind for production.
This dissertation,applying the principle of micrometeorology to study and evaluate the effect on the reproduction by alternate strop-felling of shelterbelt. The results show that: 1.after the shelterbelt is reproduced the effect of forest networks 22%; 2. evapo transpiration of forest network after shelterbelt reproduction is 1% more than that of the open wide field;heat flux is 32.9% more than that of the open wide field; turbulent flux is 19.2% lower than that of the open wide field; 3. total radiation of the forest network after shelterbelt reproduction is similar to that of the open wide field; 4. it′s suitable to adopt the cutting which is parallel with the main wind for production.
1997, 10(4): 395-401.
Abstract:
The age-age correlation analyses of growth traits and wood property of 11 year old provenance test in Fuyang, Zhejiang showed that, 5～6 a was feasible and reliable minimum age to select loblolly pine pulpwood provenances in middle aged stand. In the same test, using indirect selection for stem volume and dry weight by growth traits ,the genetic gain were above 15% when the selection rate was 10%, and to select provenances for pulpwood based on appropriate selection index, the relative selection efficiency can reached above 60%. Selection indices were constructed for 4 provenance tests, and 10 high yielding and high quality provenances were selected, their average phenotypic and genetic gains of tree height were 6.94% and 4.59%,of tree diameter were 8.38% and 5.55%, of stem volume were 20.00% and 13.24%,of wood density were 1.63% and 1.08%, of stem dry weight were 24.78% and 16.40%.
The age-age correlation analyses of growth traits and wood property of 11 year old provenance test in Fuyang, Zhejiang showed that, 5～6 a was feasible and reliable minimum age to select loblolly pine pulpwood provenances in middle aged stand. In the same test, using indirect selection for stem volume and dry weight by growth traits ,the genetic gain were above 15% when the selection rate was 10%, and to select provenances for pulpwood based on appropriate selection index, the relative selection efficiency can reached above 60%. Selection indices were constructed for 4 provenance tests, and 10 high yielding and high quality provenances were selected, their average phenotypic and genetic gains of tree height were 6.94% and 4.59%,of tree diameter were 8.38% and 5.55%, of stem volume were 20.00% and 13.24%,of wood density were 1.63% and 1.08%, of stem dry weight were 24.78% and 16.40%.
1997, 10(4): 402-407.
Abstract:
The composition,diameter structure and productivity of the secondary Castanopsis carlesii forest were discussed in this paper. Within the C. carlesii communities,there are 37 families,61 genera and 76 species of vascular bundle plant,of which,24 families,44 genera and 59 species of arbor and shrub,8 families,10 genera and 10 species of herb,and 5 families,7 genera and 7 species of liana. The stand diameter distribution of juvenile stand appears an inversed “J”form,and that of the half mature forest approximately a normal distribution. The diameter distribution of stand or tree population can be predicted in logistic equation, F =1/(1+ Me-RX), R =2.197 22/(1.989 72 Dg0.852 05 -0.534 29 Dg1.177 47), M =eR0.534 29 Dg1.177 47. The secondary C.carlesii forest has higher productivity.For the 40 years stand,the mean diameter can reach 27.1 cm,the mean tree height 17.0 m,and the tree volume 389.26 m3/hm2.
The composition,diameter structure and productivity of the secondary Castanopsis carlesii forest were discussed in this paper. Within the C. carlesii communities,there are 37 families,61 genera and 76 species of vascular bundle plant,of which,24 families,44 genera and 59 species of arbor and shrub,8 families,10 genera and 10 species of herb,and 5 families,7 genera and 7 species of liana. The stand diameter distribution of juvenile stand appears an inversed “J”form,and that of the half mature forest approximately a normal distribution. The diameter distribution of stand or tree population can be predicted in logistic equation, F =1/(1+ Me-RX), R =2.197 22/(1.989 72 Dg0.852 05 -0.534 29 Dg1.177 47), M =eR0.534 29 Dg1.177 47. The secondary C.carlesii forest has higher productivity.For the 40 years stand,the mean diameter can reach 27.1 cm,the mean tree height 17.0 m,and the tree volume 389.26 m3/hm2.
1997, 10(4): 408-414.
Abstract:
The fertilization trial of Pinus elliottii plantation was established on the red soilo developed from slope deposit of shale in Fenyi County,Jiangxi Province. During the first four years(1992～1995)investigation show that:1. The effectiveness of N、P、K or its combined application was tangible in this young plantation. The total growth of height (H) ,diameter breast-high(DBH)、volume-increment of whole woods (V) of treatment plots amounted to 3.72～4.03 m,7.20～7.93 cm,27.650～34.158 m3/hm2,which were 5.1%～13.8%,7.0%～17.8%,15.2%～42.4% over check(CK)plots respectively. 2.The effect of P2K1 combined application was the best,but had no significant difference compared with the effect of NP2、P1K1、NP2K1 and single N、P、K application. There was no obvious difference between various N、P、K level treatments. The effect of P partition into two times a half per time was better than once. The total growth of V was 1.092～9.942 m3/hm2 which was higher than the latter. The obvious response of these treatments for the current annual increment lasted to the third year for H,DBH ,and to the fourth year for V. The obvious effect of N、K for the growth was only in the fertilization year. 3.Final results show that according to the response of young slash pine plantation to fertilization,100 kg/hm2 of P2O5 partition into two times fertilization or as once basal fertilization is enough in the soil type of this test.
The fertilization trial of Pinus elliottii plantation was established on the red soilo developed from slope deposit of shale in Fenyi County,Jiangxi Province. During the first four years(1992～1995)investigation show that:1. The effectiveness of N、P、K or its combined application was tangible in this young plantation. The total growth of height (H) ,diameter breast-high(DBH)、volume-increment of whole woods (V) of treatment plots amounted to 3.72～4.03 m,7.20～7.93 cm,27.650～34.158 m3/hm2,which were 5.1%～13.8%,7.0%～17.8%,15.2%～42.4% over check(CK)plots respectively. 2.The effect of P2K1 combined application was the best,but had no significant difference compared with the effect of NP2、P1K1、NP2K1 and single N、P、K application. There was no obvious difference between various N、P、K level treatments. The effect of P partition into two times a half per time was better than once. The total growth of V was 1.092～9.942 m3/hm2 which was higher than the latter. The obvious response of these treatments for the current annual increment lasted to the third year for H,DBH ,and to the fourth year for V. The obvious effect of N、K for the growth was only in the fertilization year. 3.Final results show that according to the response of young slash pine plantation to fertilization,100 kg/hm2 of P2O5 partition into two times fertilization or as once basal fertilization is enough in the soil type of this test.
Studies on Distribution Characteristics of Chinese White Wax Scale (Ericerus pela Chavannes) on Host
1997, 10(4): 415-419.
Abstract:
The distribution of Chinese white wax scale on host relates to direction and position of the host branches. There are different distribution characteristics in different stages. During the period of the insect on leaves,the distribution of population in direction are 28.05% in east,26.55% in south,25.06% in west and 20.34% in north. The distribution of female insect in direction are 32.16% in east,27.36% in south,20.34% in north and 18.65% in west,male insect are 30.76% in west,25.84% in south,24.29% in east and 19.01% in north. The distribution of population in branch position are 65.71% in the lower part,23.95% in the middle and 13.18% in the upper. During the period of the insect on branches,the distribution of female insect in position are 49.11% in the upper part,28.80% in the middle and 21.09% in the lower part,male insect are 90.71% in the middle part,7.00% in the lower and 2.29% in the upper part.
The distribution of Chinese white wax scale on host relates to direction and position of the host branches. There are different distribution characteristics in different stages. During the period of the insect on leaves,the distribution of population in direction are 28.05% in east,26.55% in south,25.06% in west and 20.34% in north. The distribution of female insect in direction are 32.16% in east,27.36% in south,20.34% in north and 18.65% in west,male insect are 30.76% in west,25.84% in south,24.29% in east and 19.01% in north. The distribution of population in branch position are 65.71% in the lower part,23.95% in the middle and 13.18% in the upper. During the period of the insect on branches,the distribution of female insect in position are 49.11% in the upper part,28.80% in the middle and 21.09% in the lower part,male insect are 90.71% in the middle part,7.00% in the lower and 2.29% in the upper part.
1997, 10(4): 420-424.
Abstract:
This paper discusses the application of an age implicit growth model to the National Continuous Forest Inventory (NCFI).The error of the model is related to the projection interval ΔA and will be zero when ΔA is zero. An example taken from that age-explicit Johnosn Schumacher model is used as a base model from which an age implicit form is derived. The experimental data are Masson pine′s from Zhejiang Province′s NCFI. The estimation precision of 5 years′ total increment is greater than 80% for 95% confidence. The derivation,properties and error estimation of the model are presented. Data to be used for building age-implicit models must be those of being remeasured and matched. It is easy to use the model. Age-implicit models could be built at province level by tree species or group without considering the differences of plantation and natural,even-aged and uneven aged,pure and mixed,dominant and nondominant,as well as stand trees and scattered trees.
This paper discusses the application of an age implicit growth model to the National Continuous Forest Inventory (NCFI).The error of the model is related to the projection interval ΔA and will be zero when ΔA is zero. An example taken from that age-explicit Johnosn Schumacher model is used as a base model from which an age implicit form is derived. The experimental data are Masson pine′s from Zhejiang Province′s NCFI. The estimation precision of 5 years′ total increment is greater than 80% for 95% confidence. The derivation,properties and error estimation of the model are presented. Data to be used for building age-implicit models must be those of being remeasured and matched. It is easy to use the model. Age-implicit models could be built at province level by tree species or group without considering the differences of plantation and natural,even-aged and uneven aged,pure and mixed,dominant and nondominant,as well as stand trees and scattered trees.
1997, 10(4): 425-428.
Abstract:
The seedling culture test with node of such sympodial bamboo species for pulping as Bambusa textilis var. fasca Macclure, B. multiplex (Loun) Racuschel ex Schut f.and B.gibba Macclure suggested that within burying methods the flat burying is better than the slant or vertical ones with the best effect of flat burying of bamboo stump. There is significant difference between different bamboo species in seedling culture survival rates with bamboo node,that survival rates differ in node age, and there is no significant difference between different seedling growing seasons(March or May).The seedling culture test with different thickness,position,single-or double-internode suggested that survival rates with thinner culm(2.5 cm in diameter),higher position and double-internode are better than those with thicker culm(4.6 cm in diameter),lower position and single-internode.The survival rates differ between hormone treatments with the best effects of 2,4-D(20 mg/kg,5 h) or boric acid(20 mg/kg).
The seedling culture test with node of such sympodial bamboo species for pulping as Bambusa textilis var. fasca Macclure, B. multiplex (Loun) Racuschel ex Schut f.and B.gibba Macclure suggested that within burying methods the flat burying is better than the slant or vertical ones with the best effect of flat burying of bamboo stump. There is significant difference between different bamboo species in seedling culture survival rates with bamboo node,that survival rates differ in node age, and there is no significant difference between different seedling growing seasons(March or May).The seedling culture test with different thickness,position,single-or double-internode suggested that survival rates with thinner culm(2.5 cm in diameter),higher position and double-internode are better than those with thicker culm(4.6 cm in diameter),lower position and single-internode.The survival rates differ between hormone treatments with the best effects of 2,4-D(20 mg/kg,5 h) or boric acid(20 mg/kg).
1997, 10(4): 429-434.
Abstract:
This paper deals with affection to tissues and cells of Paulownia which is infected by MLO.By means of electron microscopy ,it is found that a large amount of callose accumulate in the infected cells and fill in sive mesh and path between cells. By means of atomic absorption spectrometry,the rate of electrolytic out-seeping was measured,the result shows that the rate of electrolytic out-seeping in the healthy xylem is 59.17%, but in the infected xylem is 8.82 %, the rate of electrolytic out seeping in the healthy cortex is 2.26%,but in the infected cortex is 21.81%.By means of microscopy,the tissues structure of branchs was measured,the result shows that the cambium relativity thickness in the healthy branch is 10.28 μm, but in the infected branch is 6.71 μm,cortex and xylem relativity thickness are unchanged basically.
This paper deals with affection to tissues and cells of Paulownia which is infected by MLO.By means of electron microscopy ,it is found that a large amount of callose accumulate in the infected cells and fill in sive mesh and path between cells. By means of atomic absorption spectrometry,the rate of electrolytic out-seeping was measured,the result shows that the rate of electrolytic out-seeping in the healthy xylem is 59.17%, but in the infected xylem is 8.82 %, the rate of electrolytic out seeping in the healthy cortex is 2.26%,but in the infected cortex is 21.81%.By means of microscopy,the tissues structure of branchs was measured,the result shows that the cambium relativity thickness in the healthy branch is 10.28 μm, but in the infected branch is 6.71 μm,cortex and xylem relativity thickness are unchanged basically.
1997, 10(4): 435-442.
Abstract:
Great progress has been made in the genetic improvement and seed production of masson pine through the cooperative researches during the last 3 Five Year Plans of China. In this paper we briefly review the major achievements including geographic variation and provenance selection, establishment of production population and breeding population, vegetative propagation and clonal forestry, directional selection of industrial timber, breeding strategy and some basic research items,emphatically discuss and analysize the existing various problems in the researches and production practices on provenance study and extension,breeding zone development,protection and utilization of superior gene resources, techniques for seed orchard establishment and seed production, pulp wood selection, resistance breeding, genetic parameter estimate, genotype by environment interaction,early selection, breeding plan and programme etc., and put forward certain views to benefit the future breeding of masson pine in China.
Great progress has been made in the genetic improvement and seed production of masson pine through the cooperative researches during the last 3 Five Year Plans of China. In this paper we briefly review the major achievements including geographic variation and provenance selection, establishment of production population and breeding population, vegetative propagation and clonal forestry, directional selection of industrial timber, breeding strategy and some basic research items,emphatically discuss and analysize the existing various problems in the researches and production practices on provenance study and extension,breeding zone development,protection and utilization of superior gene resources, techniques for seed orchard establishment and seed production, pulp wood selection, resistance breeding, genetic parameter estimate, genotype by environment interaction,early selection, breeding plan and programme etc., and put forward certain views to benefit the future breeding of masson pine in China.
1997, 10(4): 443-447.
Abstract:
The present paper describes the karyotypes of four species of medicinal plants.According to the terminology defined by Levan et al.,their formulas are as follows: Berberis julianae:K(2n)=28+2B=24m+4sm+2B; Sambucus williamsii:K(2n)=36=16m+12sm+6st(2SAT)+2t; Cariandeum sativum:K(2n)=22=2m+2sm+16st+2T;Vicia sativa: K(2n)=12=2m+2st(SAT)+8t.
The present paper describes the karyotypes of four species of medicinal plants.According to the terminology defined by Levan et al.,their formulas are as follows: Berberis julianae:K(2n)=28+2B=24m+4sm+2B; Sambucus williamsii:K(2n)=36=16m+12sm+6st(2SAT)+2t; Cariandeum sativum:K(2n)=22=2m+2sm+16st+2T;Vicia sativa: K(2n)=12=2m+2st(SAT)+8t.
1997, 10(4): 448-452.
Abstract:
Based on Schumacher′s dominant height growth equation,this paper studies the effects of planting density and thinning on dominant height growth in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) stands by analyzing the changes of the curve parameters.The results show that the curve parameters are significant different among different stand density while there is no significant difference among different thinning intensity,so dominant height growth curves are much affected by stand density and little by thinning intensity.
Based on Schumacher′s dominant height growth equation,this paper studies the effects of planting density and thinning on dominant height growth in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) stands by analyzing the changes of the curve parameters.The results show that the curve parameters are significant different among different stand density while there is no significant difference among different thinning intensity,so dominant height growth curves are much affected by stand density and little by thinning intensity.
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