• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

1997 Vol. 10, No. 5

Display Method:
Biomass and Nutrient Allocation in Manglietia hainanensis Plantation Ecosystem at Jianfengling
Zhou Guangyi, Zeng Qingbo, Lin Mingxian, Chen Bufeng, Li yide, Wu Zhongmin
1997, 10(5): 453-457.
Abstract:
Manglietia hainanensis Dandy is a fine native timber species used for reforestation in Hainan Island.In this paper,the biomass and its prediction models,biomass distribution among different diameter classes and components,and main nutrient allocation of 30 years old M. hainanensis plantation were studied.The result indicated that thd biomass regression equations of leaf, branch,trunk, bark,total above ground against D2H were better than that of against D;the total biomass was 144.066 t/hm2,among which aboveground biomass was 89.935 t/hm2;the tree layer and undergrowth biomass accounting for 78.81% and 21.19% of total biomass respectively;among the tree layer,biomass of bole,leaf,branch,bark and root were 54.127%,2.354%,7.762%,9.370% and 26.388% of the total respectively;excepting Ca,nutrient concentrations of N,P,K,Mg in leaf were higher than that in the other tree components(branch,bark,bole and root);the total nutrient of N,P,K,Ca,Mg stored in plant bodies of 30 years old M. hainanensis plantation ecosystem were 557.754,24.330,599.908,275.557,64.103 kg/hm2,quantity arranged from small to large of nutrient storage in different tree components was leafbranchbarktrunkroot.
Soil Phosphatase Activity,P Fractions and Their Relationships in the Rhizosphere of Chinese Fir Juvenile Plantation
Chen Hongjun, Li Chuanhan
1997, 10(5): 458-463.
Abstract:
Acid and neutral phosphatase activity(APA and NPA),8 P fractions and their relationships in the rhizosphere of Chinese fir were studied.APA was higher than NPA in soils of the plantations. APA and NPA in the rhizosphere were increased by 1.44,0.66 phenol mg/g(37℃,12 h)compared with those in the bulk.Their R/S values were 1.91 and 2.01, respectively.The contents of total P,DA-P,Al-P,Fe-P and H2SO4-P were significantly higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk.Their XR-XS values were 203.45,2.21,3.05, 10.93 and 10.33 mg/kg,and their R/S values were 1.61,4.68,3.61,1.97 and 2.48,respectively.Ca-P was markedly lower in the rhizosphere than in the bulk.Its XR-XS value was -2.34 and its R/S value was 0.72.There were no significant difference in I-P and O-P between rhizosphere and bulk soils.In the rhizosphere,APA was related to DA-P and H2SO4-P(r =0.584 and 0.579,respectively),and NPA was positively related to total P,I-P and O-P(r=0.594,0.773 and 0.686,respectively).
Research on Biological Cycle of Nutrient Elements in Plantation of Rubber Intercropped with Amomum Longiligulare
Zhou Zaizhi, Zheng Haishui, Yang Zengjiang, Yin Guangtian, Chen Kangtai
1997, 10(5): 464-471.
Abstract:
In rubber(Hevea brasiliensis)plantation intercropped with Amomum longiligulare (RA) and pure rubber plantation(PP) of 30-year-old,biomass and nutrient elements(N、P、K、Ca、Mg)of each component of tree,intercrops and litters were detected.Net accumulation and biological cycle of nutrient elements of two plantations have been comparatively studied.The results showed that annual accumulative and uptake amount of 5 nutrient elements of RA was 3 447.07 and 1 083.43 kg/hm2,2.53 and 2.1 times of PP respectively.Annual return amount of RA was 363.26 kg/hm2,among which N、P、K、Ca、Mg was 1.9, 2.54, 1.42,1.05,1.16 times of PP respectively.With the comparison of 5 nutrient elements,the return amount of N was more in RA system,and P less for two plantations.Although the cycle coefficient of RA was lower than that of PP,the absorption coefficient was higher than that of PP,that means intercropping can improve rubber tree and A.longiligulare to uptake soil nutrients.
Evaluation on Productivity of Plus-tree Open-pollinated Families from Natural Stands of Masson Pine
Qin Guofeng, Zhou Zhichun, Jin Guoqin, Huang Hui, Fang Shaorong
1997, 10(5): 472-477.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the genetic variation analysis and productivity evaluation on the plus-tree open-pollinated families in a series of progeny test plantations of masson pine located in Zhejiang Province.The significant variations were found among the open pollinated families for tree height, DBH and stem volume at age 5~10 which were under moderate or high genetic control.The observation results for ten years in succession showed that the heritabilities for three growth traits were stabler and their family genetic variation coefficiences decreased with age.Age age correlation analysis indicated that the tree height and stem volume at age 10 couldn′t be predicted by the tree height under age 5 ,and the first selection age for growth traits at family level would be above age 5.In the paper,tree height was considered as a main criterion of family productivity evaluation.Among 405 families tested,167,96 and 32 families,whose tree heights were more 10%,15% and 20% than the check respectively,were selected to provide the scientific basis for roguing in seed orchard and parent selecting in controlled pollination etc.
PCR Amplification of 16 S rDNA of Phytoplasma Associated with Cherry Fasciated Disease and RFLP Analysis
Li Henghong, Qiu Bingsheng, Shi Chunlin, Jin Kaixuan, Zhou Qi, Huang Xijun
1997, 10(5): 478-481.
Abstract:
Cherry fasciated disease is a disease which was found in the cherry sapling imported from Israel.DNA amplification by PCR was used to detect the phytoplasma associated with cherry fasciated disease.The 16 S rDNA sequence amplified was analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion.The RFLP pattern(sum of results analyzed by 7 restriction enzymes)was compared with the results of other phytoplasma previously described by Lee,I.M.et al.We propose that cherry fasciated disease should belong to Group Ⅶ.
Study on the Optimum Structure of Agroforestry
Xin Xuebing, Chen Jiangye, Meng Ping
1997, 10(5): 482-489.
Abstract:
The results show that:(1) Price fluctuation of agriculture and forest products should be considered in planing the optimum use of land.(2) The appropriate species in agroforestry system are pear,rape and cotton. (3) The appropriate structure are two pear hybrids (Pyrusbretschneideri Rehd) intercropping model with a spacing of 3 m×5 m. Forest belts are composed of two or three rows of trees and the distance between belts is 30 m.(4)The optimum compound of crop species in fruits-crops model is wheat-vegetable.The rate of output value to invested capital is 2.7:1. Other compounds of crop species are wheat-yam ,wheat-corn,wheat-millet,wheat-beanand, rape-corn etc.
Comparison of Genetic Structure between Parents and Progeny from a Masson Pine Seed Orchard and a Plantation Nearby
Lai Huanlin, Wang Zhangrong
1997, 10(5): 490-494.
Abstract:
Genetic structure of parents and their progeny from a masson pine clonal seed orchard and a plantation near the orchard in Guigan,Guangxi Province was studied with isozyme markers.The results showed that for both the seed orchard and the plantation near the seed orchard,the parental populations did not deviate from the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium significantly with excess of heterozygots,the progeny populations had the opposite case,i.e. diveating from the Equilibrium significantly with excess of homozygots. There was a small difference in gene frequencies between the parents and their progeny.Progeny of the seed orchard got a little lower gene diversity than that of its parental population,while the progeny of the plantation near the seed orchard got a little higher gene diversity than that of its parents. The genetic base of the seed orchard was fairly wide. Although both parents and offspring from the plantation near the seed orchard held relatively lower gene diversities than those from the seed orchard, the difference between them was very small.
Cutting Propagation of Some Tropical Species of Acacia
Chen Qindu, Li Xiaomei
1997, 10(5): 495-499.
Abstract:
The cutting propagation of three tropical species of Acacia, A. mangium,A. auriculiformis,A. crassicarpa,have been tested in the field. It shows that autumn is the best season for their vegetative propagation in Guangzhou. The cuttings of them treated with rooting power,IBD 2#,can be directly put into plastic bag filled with the mixed medium of 1/3 burning earth and 2/3 deep yellow soil. In order to control temperature,humidity and sunshine,the bed must be surrounded with plastic film and shaded by sunshade net(60 percent).61.8%, 88.8% and 68.9% of the cuttings survival rate for A.mangium,A.auriculiformis and A.crassicarpa can be raised to. For A.auriculiformis,it is easier to propagate by cutting than the others,and there is less difference of rooting by season changing.
Comparison of the Basal Area Growth Model Parameters for Chinese fir and Larix olgensis
Li Xifei, Hong Lingxia
1997, 10(5): 500-505.
Abstract:
The basal area growth model is the most important one in the integrated stand growth model. This paper using sample plot data of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) stands from five provinces in the south of China and Larix olgensis stands from three provinces in the north of China establishes ten basal area growth models of the two species separately and the parameter adaptability among the provinces or regions are compared.The result show that the process of Chinese fir basal area growth are different between site regions where the process of dominant tree growth are similar or the planting areas even though in the same zone and in the same region, the parameters of the basal area growth model are different,so the site regions or planting areas can not be the criterion to establish different basal area growth models. The processes of the L.olgensis basal area growth are similar and there is no significant difference between the provinces for the parameters of the basal area growth model.
Research on the Tending and Improvement of Secondary Evergreen Broadleaved Forests
Zhang Shuisong, Lin Guang, Chen Changfa, Zhan Yousheng, Ao Xiangyang, Liao Xingyuang
1997, 10(5): 506-513.
Abstract:
The studies were carried on the Damao Mountain forest of Dexing City and Jinpen Mountain forest of Xinfeng County,Jiangxi,in 1985~1994. The results of 10 years of research on difference of secondary evergreen broadleaved forests show that:(1) The fast growing and highyield tree species such as Castanopsis carlesii,C.fargesii,C. eyrei,Schima suprca were selected for tending during the early stage of regeneration,and they made up a percentage of periodic increment in volume of above 10% more than that of therir species composition. The comparatively better density was 3 000 trees/ha;(2)Thinning of medium and high intensity presented significant effects in promoting the diameter and volume growth of the trees in young growth. The tree number and volume composition of the major fast growing species increased by 15% and 5% respectively. Thinning was conducted at an interval of 8~10 years and the density,after felling,was kept at 1 500 trees/ha;(3)Among middle age stands,after tending,the number compositions of C. castanopsis,C. fargesii,C. suprca and other less important species counted for 37%,33.9%,and 29.1% respectively,and 4 years later their volume percentages were 53.7%, 29.4% and 16.9% respectively,showing that density control can more effectively improve the productivity of C.carlesii,C. fargesii, etc. It is suitable to maintain a density of 600~800 trees/ha.
Study on Persimmon Scales and Its Control
Cui Shiying, Zhao Yanmin, Qi Zhiguang
1997, 10(5): 514-518.
Abstract:
According to the investigation recently made in the persimmon orchards in the suburbs of Shijiazhuang City,6 species of persimmon scales are found: Eriococcus kaki.Eupulrinaria citricola,Paraceroslegia japonica,Ceroplastes ceriferus,Drosicha cerpleata,Partheuolecanium persicae. Among them, E. kaki and E.citricala are dominant species,and the latter is newly recorded in China.Usually,it is very typical that the persimmons are attacked by one dominant species,mixing with another or other species. The persimmon phenology and the life cycle of the principal scales have been studied. It is clear that the appearance of the scale is related to the persimmon phenology. As for E. kaki,the best control period is between the persimmon fruit bearings and the fruit expansion(around June 10);for E.citricala,in the process of fruit expansion(around mid June);for P. japonica,after fruit expansion(in the last ten das of June);for D.cerpleata, in the time of persimmon sproutings(in the first ten days of March). For the control of the persimmon scales,the chemical prevention plays an important role,while the utilization of the natural enemy may as well help. By spraying monocrotothos or omethoate,the scale population decreased by over 94%,and if monocrotothos is simultaneously applied on the top of the tree,the mortality of the scales can reach 100%.
Natural Distribution,Drought-resistant Nature and Moisture Physiology of Fine Host Trees for Lac Insects
Li Shaojia, Hou Kaiwei, Liu Fengshu, Zhao Hong
1997, 10(5): 519-524.
Abstract:
Study on natural distribution and biological characters of fine host trees of lac insects have shown that six species of trees, Albizzia kalkora,Dalbergia obtusifolia,D.szemaoensis,Pueraria wallichii,Moghania macrophylla,Ficus racemosa,are fine drought-resistant species of trees. Their moisture physiology indexes such as strength of transpiration,water potential,and water saturation deficit etc. relate to comprehensive climate factors,for example,atmospheric temperature,intensity of illumination,relative humidity of atmosphere,wind velocity etc. The strength of transpiration increased with the rise of temperature,intensity of illumination and wind speed,or decreased with the rise of relative humidity of atmosphere. Variations of water potential are just contrary to the change of strength of transpiration. The water potentials dropped when the strength of transpiration raised,and the capability to absorb water passively increased,and the ability of drought resistance is raised too.The bigger the critical saturation deficits in plant frame,the smaller the water requirement and the stronger the drought hardiness. The results have shown that the drought resistance of the 6 spacies of trees is arranged in order from stronger to weaker as follows: A. kalkora,D.obtusifolia,P.wallichii,D.szemaoensis,M. macrophylla,F.racemosa.
The Variabilities of the Provenance Seedling Character of Phellodendron chinense from Hunan Province
Fu Dali
1997, 10(5): 525-530.
Abstract:
The variabilities of 22 characters of Phellodendron chinense among 11 provenances from Hunan Province are analyzed.The results show that the variabilites of 18 characters are obvious and the variation coefficients of the production characters are higher than those of the young seedling,the leaf and the growth characters.On some objective characters such as bark weight,seedling height and diameter,the provenance P04 is higher than any other.Moreover,canonical correlative analysis indicates that latitude,altitude and precipitation of original site are negatively correlative to some young seedling and growth characters,such as the height of cotyledons,young seedling height,seedling height,the length and width of leaf and so on,but longitude,temperature are positively,correlative to those characters.
The Conponents of Urban Forestry and Its Types
Wang Mulin, Miao Rongxing
1997, 10(5): 531-536.
Abstract:
Urban forestry refers to the biocenosis that has close relation to the related major tree species in this area.In order to conveniently conduct its classification study,planning and design,construction and management,based on its major function,position,coordination of management and association of city planning with customs etc.the urban forestry is divided into several subsystems as follows:protective forest,public forest land,scenic forest,productive forest and greenified land,enterprise and institutional forest land,residential area forest land,land for roadside planting and the forest and greenified land for other uses.
Preliminary Study of Fertilization on Camellia grijsii
Hong Shunshan, Weng Yuexia, Yang Wanqing, Zhuang Zhenzhen
1997, 10(5): 537-540.
Abstract:
Camellia grijsii is a species of oil tea camellia which produces healthy edible oil.Because of the rare distribution and low yield,fertilization is needed to research for increasing the oil yield.A fertilizer trial in 1994 was conducted on a eight-year-old stand in Fuyang,Zhejiang.The soil is acid red earth in hilly area.9 treatments according to L9(34) with a check were designed.Siginificant responses of fertilization occured in 1995,1996, all the fertilizing treatments increased the fruit yield up to 52%~183% compared with the CK.The oil output was increased from 168 kg/hm2of CK to 255~475.5 kg/hm2of the fertilized treatments per year.The reasonable rate of application were N34.5、P56.3 and K90 kg/hm2.Fertilization increased significantly the quantity of bearing fruit per plant.The mean weight per fruit was effected by the quantity of bearing fruit per plant and N、K fertilizers,low medium N and high K levels of application enhanced the mean weight per fruit,high N made the mean fruit weight a little lower.
Effect of Hormones,Rare Earth and Micronutrient on Promoting Bamboo Rhizome Buds to Produce Shoots
Lou Yiping, Wu Liangru, Liu Yaorong
1997, 10(5): 541-545.
Abstract:
This experiment was designed for finding new ways to promote the shooting rate of bamboo rhizome to produce more shoots.An orthogonal experimental design with two duplicates is adopted,where there are four factors with three levels for each,i.e.,hormone(A);and hormone(B);rare earth(C);micronutrient(D),so as to find out the effect of those treatments on the shoot-production of rhizome of Phyllostachys promineus. The number of shoots in spring of the nine treatments have been monitored successively for two years and the data is analyzed with objective analysis for orthogonal design and variance analysis for the design respectively.The results showed that the treatment No.3(A1B3C3D3) and No.5(A2B2C3D1) are the best matches in the experiment,in which the two treatment matches could increase most shoots.
Effects of Leaf Extracts of Eucalyptus and Other Plant Species on the Rooting of Cuttings and Seed Germination of Several Plant Species
Huang Zhuolie, Lin Shaoxiang, Tan Shaoman, Lin Songyu, Yang Guoqing, Mo Xiaoyong
1997, 10(5): 546-550.
Abstract:
The results of this investigation indicated that the leaf extract of Eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blake inhibited the rooting rate,root number and the length of roots of mung bean cuttings by 85.71%,58.96% and 93.52%,respectively;inhibited the rooting rate of pea cuttings by 100%;inhibited the germination rate of India mustard (Brassica juncea var. napiformis) and wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa) seeds by 69.58% and 60.72%,respectively.The leaf extracts of airplant kalanchoe (Kalanchoe pinnata) inhibited the root length of mung bean cuttings by 38.12%;inhibited the rooting rate,root number,and root length of pea cuttings by 14.23%,23.53% and 26.90%,respectively;and inhibited the germination rates of India mustard and wild cabbage seeds by 41.97% and 53.60%,respectively.The leaf extracts of Setcreasea purpurea promoted the rooting rate,root number,and root length of pea cuttings by 119.06%,11.76% and 22.05%,respectively.
Habits of Anoplophora chinensis Which Causes Harm to Casuarina equisetifolia and Its Control
Xu Qi
1997, 10(5): 551-555.
Abstract:
In 1989~1992,the reseach results showed that Anoplophora chinensis has one generation a year,but in the whole,about 15% of them has two generations in three years.Its damage degree is obviously correlated with the plant age,stand density and stand condition.The total accumulated temperature of 1 200 ℃ was needed in the period when after overwintering,the larva after recovering is changed into adults.Its emergence peak day(time)was obviously coincided with in full bloom day(time) of Casuarina equiselifolia in the stand.Through the investigation of 8 263 sample trees and about one hundred thousand plants checkd,a chance of 100% can be reached of its emergence hole distributed in 25 cm above the ovipositing slot. A mortality above 90% can be reached by daubing trunks at above the egg hole about at 25 cm with 40% omethoate in 1:4 time solution of kerosine and the technical points in the synthetical control were suggested.
Genetic Variation in Growth and Branch Division Habit of Chinese Fir Clone
He Guiping, Chen Yitai, Guan Zhishan, Feng Jianwen, Cai Hongming, Yi Jiasheng
1997, 10(5): 556-559.
Abstract:
The paper analyesed seven traits for height,diameter,second year new height,branch plate counts,branch length,branch thickness,branch angle of 35 clones of Chinese fir in a piece of 4-year-old testing plantation.The result showed:There were extreme significant difference on each trait of the clones,and their repeated ability were high and their variation coeffecient were middle.The genetic correlation coefficient were middle among the major growth trait and other determined traits,except H and thickness of branch.There were strong genetic independence among branch traits.5 quick-growing clones have been selected.As compared with CK about their H、D,the reality gain were 22.85% and 30.49%,the genetic gain were 18.07% and 23.82% respectively.
A Study on Isoenzymes for Zizyphus mauritiana from 5 Provenances
Wang Yun, Ma Xianda
1997, 10(5): 560-562.
Abstract:
A study has been made of isolating isoenzymes of POD and EST of Zizyphus mauritiana from 5 provenances with discontinuous polycrylamide gel system (Disc PAGE).The results have shown that there are differences present on the spectrum of the two isoenzymes in the tested plants.EST is more sensible to tell their relationships close or distant,and the differences in the Burma and Yunnan Provenances appear more obvious,while the Shuangbei and Yuanmao ones show no significant differences.And it needs further study if the latter two come from the same provenance.