2000 Vol. 13, No. 5
Display Method:
2000, 13(5): 455-463.
Abstract:
The bird resources of Youxi County were surveyed by using the method of mechanical dotting,plot sampling and line transects. Global Positioning System was used for the bird fauna distribution,and Fourier non-linear statistics model was employed to analyze the survey data and estimate the population amount of dominant bird species. The field survey distance is 1 227 km and 27 663 individuals of 201 bird species were recorded. The basic situation of the bird resources was kept abreast with,which provides some references on wildlife management in Youxi County.
The bird resources of Youxi County were surveyed by using the method of mechanical dotting,plot sampling and line transects. Global Positioning System was used for the bird fauna distribution,and Fourier non-linear statistics model was employed to analyze the survey data and estimate the population amount of dominant bird species. The field survey distance is 1 227 km and 27 663 individuals of 201 bird species were recorded. The basic situation of the bird resources was kept abreast with,which provides some references on wildlife management in Youxi County.
2000, 13(5): 464-468.
Abstract:
Proportions of full seeds in outcrossed cones,self pollinated cones,and open pollinated cones in 1993 and 1994 was used to estimate outcrossing rate of a masson pine clonal seed orchard.It was found that there existed higher selfing rate in the masson pine clonal seed orchard at age 8 or 9.The great differences were found between clones from various parents for outcrossing rates under open pollination,which ranged from 44.7% to 98.1% (av.73.5%±17.3%) in 1993,and from 30.8% to 96.8% (av.69.2%±21.3%) in 1994 respectively.The outcrossing rates were larger among combinations within clones than among clones.The coefficient of variability of the former was 35.3% to 53.0% of the latter.No significant differences were observed for outcrossing rates of the same combinations between two years.Meanwhile,the crossing rates were found to be significantly and positively related to the fertilized cone rates.Finally,main factors affecting crossing rate was discussed.
Proportions of full seeds in outcrossed cones,self pollinated cones,and open pollinated cones in 1993 and 1994 was used to estimate outcrossing rate of a masson pine clonal seed orchard.It was found that there existed higher selfing rate in the masson pine clonal seed orchard at age 8 or 9.The great differences were found between clones from various parents for outcrossing rates under open pollination,which ranged from 44.7% to 98.1% (av.73.5%±17.3%) in 1993,and from 30.8% to 96.8% (av.69.2%±21.3%) in 1994 respectively.The outcrossing rates were larger among combinations within clones than among clones.The coefficient of variability of the former was 35.3% to 53.0% of the latter.No significant differences were observed for outcrossing rates of the same combinations between two years.Meanwhile,the crossing rates were found to be significantly and positively related to the fertilized cone rates.Finally,main factors affecting crossing rate was discussed.
2000, 13(5): 469-476.
Abstract:
Cross compatibility,fertility,growth performance of hybrid seedlings,cutting production of ortet in scion plucking nursery rooting ability of hybrid cuttings treated with various concentration of IBA in sand and wood dust media under full light mist irrigation condition of different cross combinations between Larix kaempferi and L. olgensis were studied in Liaoning and Jilin provinces from 1994 to 1998. Survivor percentage and growth of rooted cuttings after being transplanted in nursery of different combinations were also studied. In general,there is no difficulty to get larch hybrid,yet cross compatibility and growth behavior of hybrid of different combinations differed for different combinations. Though there were obviously difference in rooting ability among cross combinations and ortets but cuttings taken from young hybrid ortets were easy to root. Each of 2.5~3.5 year old ortet might derive 13~27 two year old plantlets (ramet) on average for planting. Based on the results obtained,a new strategy is proposed for mass production of genetically improved hybrid larch:i.e.is to produce hybrid seeds of best general or special combinations by artificial pollination and to multiply the scarce improved hybrid by vegetative propagation.
Cross compatibility,fertility,growth performance of hybrid seedlings,cutting production of ortet in scion plucking nursery rooting ability of hybrid cuttings treated with various concentration of IBA in sand and wood dust media under full light mist irrigation condition of different cross combinations between Larix kaempferi and L. olgensis were studied in Liaoning and Jilin provinces from 1994 to 1998. Survivor percentage and growth of rooted cuttings after being transplanted in nursery of different combinations were also studied. In general,there is no difficulty to get larch hybrid,yet cross compatibility and growth behavior of hybrid of different combinations differed for different combinations. Though there were obviously difference in rooting ability among cross combinations and ortets but cuttings taken from young hybrid ortets were easy to root. Each of 2.5~3.5 year old ortet might derive 13~27 two year old plantlets (ramet) on average for planting. Based on the results obtained,a new strategy is proposed for mass production of genetically improved hybrid larch:i.e.is to produce hybrid seeds of best general or special combinations by artificial pollination and to multiply the scarce improved hybrid by vegetative propagation.
2000, 13(5): 477-484.
Abstract:
The Ficus racemosa L.is a dominant tree species in the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna. F.racemosa and fig pollination wasps (Ceratosolen sp.) are highly coevolved mutualists that depend completely on each other for continued reproduction. F.racemosa must depends on the polination of the Ceratosolen sp.to complete its sexual reproduction.Meanwhile the fig wasp are dependent upon the gall flower (short stigmas) of the figs,in which their eggs and larvae and pupa develop.The main result of this study indicated that along with the season change of the population of Ceratosolen sp.,the summer and autumn population amount is high,and winter and spring population is low.The number of foundressess (reproductive female wasp) penetrated into the fig syconium has close correlation with the pollination and seed bearing rate of the syconium,as well as the oviposition and reproduction rate of the fig wasp it self.
The Ficus racemosa L.is a dominant tree species in the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna. F.racemosa and fig pollination wasps (Ceratosolen sp.) are highly coevolved mutualists that depend completely on each other for continued reproduction. F.racemosa must depends on the polination of the Ceratosolen sp.to complete its sexual reproduction.Meanwhile the fig wasp are dependent upon the gall flower (short stigmas) of the figs,in which their eggs and larvae and pupa develop.The main result of this study indicated that along with the season change of the population of Ceratosolen sp.,the summer and autumn population amount is high,and winter and spring population is low.The number of foundressess (reproductive female wasp) penetrated into the fig syconium has close correlation with the pollination and seed bearing rate of the syconium,as well as the oviposition and reproduction rate of the fig wasp it self.
2000, 13(5): 485-492.
Abstract:
The structures of diameter-class,crown breadth and height of Tetraena mongolica population were studied.Based on the static life table,the dynamic law of T.mongolica population was described.The study showed that the individual tree distribution of T.mongolica with the variation of diameter class and height,and crown breadth were in single peak and reversed J-type respectively.With the increase of the population age class,the mortality qx and killing power kx increased but the surviving rate lx decreased.The survivorship curve belonged to Deevey Ⅰ. Based on Leslie matrix,the change of the number of individual trees was different in the different age class under the undisturbed condition and the population dynamic changed from declination type to growth type.
The structures of diameter-class,crown breadth and height of Tetraena mongolica population were studied.Based on the static life table,the dynamic law of T.mongolica population was described.The study showed that the individual tree distribution of T.mongolica with the variation of diameter class and height,and crown breadth were in single peak and reversed J-type respectively.With the increase of the population age class,the mortality qx and killing power kx increased but the surviving rate lx decreased.The survivorship curve belonged to Deevey Ⅰ. Based on Leslie matrix,the change of the number of individual trees was different in the different age class under the undisturbed condition and the population dynamic changed from declination type to growth type.
2000, 13(5): 493-500.
Abstract:
Eucalyptus urophylla MLA clone (MLA) was difficult-to-root species. Eucalyptus urophylla U6 clone (U6) and Eucalyptus ABL. 12 W5 clone (W5) were relatively easy-to-root species.The activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in MLA is lower than that of U6 and W5,but the activity of indoleacetic acid oxidase (IAAO) in MLA was higher than that of U6 and W5.The activities of PPO and IAAO and the isoenzymes of PPO in every species had their specificity in every organ.The relationship between the formation and development of adventitious roots and PPO and IAAO was discussed.
Eucalyptus urophylla MLA clone (MLA) was difficult-to-root species. Eucalyptus urophylla U6 clone (U6) and Eucalyptus ABL. 12 W5 clone (W5) were relatively easy-to-root species.The activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in MLA is lower than that of U6 and W5,but the activity of indoleacetic acid oxidase (IAAO) in MLA was higher than that of U6 and W5.The activities of PPO and IAAO and the isoenzymes of PPO in every species had their specificity in every organ.The relationship between the formation and development of adventitious roots and PPO and IAAO was discussed.
2000, 13(5): 501-504.
Abstract:
Two species of the genus Copidosomopsis Girault are described in this paper,i.e. Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady) collected from Hanoi,Vietnam and Copidosomopsis trisegmentis Xu,sp.nov.collected from Shandong,China.The genus is first recorded from China. 1. Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady) Host: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee, Nacoleia octasema (Meyr)(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Distribution:Vietnam(Hanoi),India,Singapore,Malaysia,Indonesia,Papua New Guinea. Specimen examined:4♀♀,Hanoi,Vietnam,1997-04,Wenlin Fan,ex Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee,C9701-1. 2. Copidosomopsis trisegmentis Xu,sp.nov. Host: Hapsifera barbata (Christoph)(Lepidoptera:Tineidae). Distribution:Shandong(Taian). Type specimen:holotype ♀,Taian(36°12′ N,117°06′ E),Shandong,1972 12,Zhang Zaoyi,ex Hapsefera barbata (Christoph),C7392-1;paratype 4♀♀,same data as holotype. Diagnosis:This new species is similar to Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady,1960),but can be distinguished from the latter by (1)antennal scape 6.0 times as long as wide,longer than first-fifth funicle segments combined,the latter species with scape as long as first-fourth funicle segment combined;(2)clava 3 segments,strongly oblique truncated,the latter clava solid,with apex slightly truncated;(3)fore wing with 8 setae in about two rows,the latter species with 10 setae,in about two rows.
Two species of the genus Copidosomopsis Girault are described in this paper,i.e. Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady) collected from Hanoi,Vietnam and Copidosomopsis trisegmentis Xu,sp.nov.collected from Shandong,China.The genus is first recorded from China. 1. Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady) Host: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee, Nacoleia octasema (Meyr)(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Distribution:Vietnam(Hanoi),India,Singapore,Malaysia,Indonesia,Papua New Guinea. Specimen examined:4♀♀,Hanoi,Vietnam,1997-04,Wenlin Fan,ex Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee,C9701-1. 2. Copidosomopsis trisegmentis Xu,sp.nov. Host: Hapsifera barbata (Christoph)(Lepidoptera:Tineidae). Distribution:Shandong(Taian). Type specimen:holotype ♀,Taian(36°12′ N,117°06′ E),Shandong,1972 12,Zhang Zaoyi,ex Hapsefera barbata (Christoph),C7392-1;paratype 4♀♀,same data as holotype. Diagnosis:This new species is similar to Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady,1960),but can be distinguished from the latter by (1)antennal scape 6.0 times as long as wide,longer than first-fifth funicle segments combined,the latter species with scape as long as first-fourth funicle segment combined;(2)clava 3 segments,strongly oblique truncated,the latter clava solid,with apex slightly truncated;(3)fore wing with 8 setae in about two rows,the latter species with 10 setae,in about two rows.
2000, 13(5): 505-511.
Abstract:
The research on the relationship between reproductive and vegetative growth of Pinus tabulaeformis was carried out in 1995 and 1997.Branches bearing two year old female cones initiated nearly same second growing buds,lateral shoots and female strobili as vegetative branches.Neither the number nor the weight of female cones influenced the length of second-growing buds.However,the growth of current terminal shoots was reduced on female cone-bearing branches,and the number of lateral latent buds was increased.There are significant differences in current terminal shoot length,total length of lateral shoots and second-growing terminal bud length among clones,whereas no significant differences in the number of second buds,lateral shoots and lateral latent buds.The direct path coefficients of total dry weight of parent branches and types of branches to current total dry weight are 1.234 2 and 0.440 0 respectively,their direct contributions to multiple decisive coefficients 0.786 0 and 0.349 6 respectively.Branch units with two year old female cones produced significantly more total dry weight in the current year than vegetative branch units.Branches bearing female cones allocated between 35% and 60% of the current year’s dry weight to two-year-old cones and between 0.1% and 1.5% was allocated to one-year-old female cones.Female cones therefore apparently do not reduce the photosynthetic potential of trees.However,female cones definitely reduced the nutrition of whole tree,which directly resulted in periodic yield of cones bearing on branches in seed orchard.In addition,proper sampling and the effect of growth of female cones on vegetative growth of trees were discussed.
The research on the relationship between reproductive and vegetative growth of Pinus tabulaeformis was carried out in 1995 and 1997.Branches bearing two year old female cones initiated nearly same second growing buds,lateral shoots and female strobili as vegetative branches.Neither the number nor the weight of female cones influenced the length of second-growing buds.However,the growth of current terminal shoots was reduced on female cone-bearing branches,and the number of lateral latent buds was increased.There are significant differences in current terminal shoot length,total length of lateral shoots and second-growing terminal bud length among clones,whereas no significant differences in the number of second buds,lateral shoots and lateral latent buds.The direct path coefficients of total dry weight of parent branches and types of branches to current total dry weight are 1.234 2 and 0.440 0 respectively,their direct contributions to multiple decisive coefficients 0.786 0 and 0.349 6 respectively.Branch units with two year old female cones produced significantly more total dry weight in the current year than vegetative branch units.Branches bearing female cones allocated between 35% and 60% of the current year’s dry weight to two-year-old cones and between 0.1% and 1.5% was allocated to one-year-old female cones.Female cones therefore apparently do not reduce the photosynthetic potential of trees.However,female cones definitely reduced the nutrition of whole tree,which directly resulted in periodic yield of cones bearing on branches in seed orchard.In addition,proper sampling and the effect of growth of female cones on vegetative growth of trees were discussed.
2000, 13(5): 512-518.
Abstract:
On the basis of stem profile and relative stem form,the four parameter cylinder volume ratio stem profile was put forward.The results of fitting the data of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus aliena from Qinling Mountains showed that the P.tabulaeformis with bark and R2≥0.99 amounted for 93%,that without bark amounted for 78%,while Q.aliena with bark and without bark amounted for 79.8% and 73.3%.This result proved that four-parameter cylinder-volume ratio stem profile has perfect fitness.By estimating the values of four parameters,the graphs of four-parameter cylinder-volume ratio stem profile were established.
On the basis of stem profile and relative stem form,the four parameter cylinder volume ratio stem profile was put forward.The results of fitting the data of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus aliena from Qinling Mountains showed that the P.tabulaeformis with bark and R2≥0.99 amounted for 93%,that without bark amounted for 78%,while Q.aliena with bark and without bark amounted for 79.8% and 73.3%.This result proved that four-parameter cylinder-volume ratio stem profile has perfect fitness.By estimating the values of four parameters,the graphs of four-parameter cylinder-volume ratio stem profile were established.
2000, 13(5): 519-523.
Abstract:
There is no quick way to determine the regeneration-cutting age of the shelter belt, which is a problem to be solved urgently in the protection forest management. Based on the analysis of transformation of the forest growth and forest quality in Nongan County, Jilin Province, the authors pointed out the transformation of the economic benefit and protective benefit in the old forest, put forward a proper regeneration-cutting age of the shelter-belt.
There is no quick way to determine the regeneration-cutting age of the shelter belt, which is a problem to be solved urgently in the protection forest management. Based on the analysis of transformation of the forest growth and forest quality in Nongan County, Jilin Province, the authors pointed out the transformation of the economic benefit and protective benefit in the old forest, put forward a proper regeneration-cutting age of the shelter-belt.
2000, 13(5): 524-529.
Abstract:
The effects of typhoons on the mangroves was studied in Shenzhen Mangrove Nature Reserve,the results showed that only force 11~12 wind and greater wind could damage the mangrove ecosystem.The damaged rate of typhoons to mangroves like Sonneratia species was up to 80%,heavely influencing the protection function and other effects.The destruction of typhoons to mangroves was correlated to the origin,density,and age of the forest stand:The Sonneratia plantation was destroyed severely by typhoons,while the natural forests were little influenced;The sparse Sonneratia plantations were destroyed by typhoons more seriously than denser plantations;Elder Sonneratia plantations were destroyed by typhoons more seriously than the younger.To improve the ability of mangroves to resist typhoons,some measures in planting mangrove trees were proposed as following:The mangroves should be rational close planted (The planting specification of the Sonneratia is 2 m×2 m.);The plantation belt should be of certain wideness (at least 50~100 m);The first planted seedlings should be fixed to increase their stability;The fast-growing and slow-growing mangrove species should be mixed planted in proper proporations;Fine mangrove species with great resistance to typhoons might be selected as well.
The effects of typhoons on the mangroves was studied in Shenzhen Mangrove Nature Reserve,the results showed that only force 11~12 wind and greater wind could damage the mangrove ecosystem.The damaged rate of typhoons to mangroves like Sonneratia species was up to 80%,heavely influencing the protection function and other effects.The destruction of typhoons to mangroves was correlated to the origin,density,and age of the forest stand:The Sonneratia plantation was destroyed severely by typhoons,while the natural forests were little influenced;The sparse Sonneratia plantations were destroyed by typhoons more seriously than denser plantations;Elder Sonneratia plantations were destroyed by typhoons more seriously than the younger.To improve the ability of mangroves to resist typhoons,some measures in planting mangrove trees were proposed as following:The mangroves should be rational close planted (The planting specification of the Sonneratia is 2 m×2 m.);The plantation belt should be of certain wideness (at least 50~100 m);The first planted seedlings should be fixed to increase their stability;The fast-growing and slow-growing mangrove species should be mixed planted in proper proporations;Fine mangrove species with great resistance to typhoons might be selected as well.
2000, 13(5): 530-534.
Abstract:
Taking the rate of the number of embryonic form and mature form gall to the number of fundatrigena as the indexes to evaluate the formation effect of fundatrigena, the formation effect is closely related to the order number of leaf of host tree. It is remarkable different that the rate of embryonic form or mature form galls to the number of fundatrigena, and the rate of mature form to embryonic form galls depened on the different order number of leaf of host tree. The formation effect of Schlechtendalia chinensis on the different order number of leaf of Rhus chinensis are as the fellow:54673891011. The functional relation of the indexes of the forming effect (yi) to the order number of leaf (xi) can be showed as: yi=A(0)+A(1)xi+A(2)xi2+A(3)xi3. From this formula, it is can be seen that the degree of the imitative number corresponding with the actual number is very colse. This result provided the further evidence that the emergence period of fundatrigena corresponding to the breaking period of host tree as the result of long term adaptive evolution, and it can be used for reference basis in practice to control the emergence period of aphid corresponding to the most suitable phonological period of host tree for the best formation effect.
Taking the rate of the number of embryonic form and mature form gall to the number of fundatrigena as the indexes to evaluate the formation effect of fundatrigena, the formation effect is closely related to the order number of leaf of host tree. It is remarkable different that the rate of embryonic form or mature form galls to the number of fundatrigena, and the rate of mature form to embryonic form galls depened on the different order number of leaf of host tree. The formation effect of Schlechtendalia chinensis on the different order number of leaf of Rhus chinensis are as the fellow:54673891011. The functional relation of the indexes of the forming effect (yi) to the order number of leaf (xi) can be showed as: yi=A(0)+A(1)xi+A(2)xi2+A(3)xi3. From this formula, it is can be seen that the degree of the imitative number corresponding with the actual number is very colse. This result provided the further evidence that the emergence period of fundatrigena corresponding to the breaking period of host tree as the result of long term adaptive evolution, and it can be used for reference basis in practice to control the emergence period of aphid corresponding to the most suitable phonological period of host tree for the best formation effect.
2000, 13(5): 535-538.
Abstract:
By taking split plot design,two-year-old Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)clones were tested.Six fertilization treatments and ten clones were used.The results showed that fertilization could effectively promote the growth of Chinese fir clones.The difference among various fertilization treatments was significant.After fertilizing,the height increment and DBH increment increased were 9.66%~28.50% and 18.67%~63.86% higher than that of unfertilized one.The interaction between clone and fertilization was not obvious.The difference of various fertilization treatments on the growth of Chinese fir young plantation was significant.Applying base fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate) alone could increase the increments of height and DBH by 13.04%~20.29% and 27.71%~45.78% respectively.Topdressing (urea) could increase the increments of height and DBH by 6.82%~9.66% and 12.40%~18.67% respectively.
By taking split plot design,two-year-old Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)clones were tested.Six fertilization treatments and ten clones were used.The results showed that fertilization could effectively promote the growth of Chinese fir clones.The difference among various fertilization treatments was significant.After fertilizing,the height increment and DBH increment increased were 9.66%~28.50% and 18.67%~63.86% higher than that of unfertilized one.The interaction between clone and fertilization was not obvious.The difference of various fertilization treatments on the growth of Chinese fir young plantation was significant.Applying base fertilizer (calcium magnesium phosphate) alone could increase the increments of height and DBH by 13.04%~20.29% and 27.71%~45.78% respectively.Topdressing (urea) could increase the increments of height and DBH by 6.82%~9.66% and 12.40%~18.67% respectively.
2000, 13(5): 539-542.
Abstract:
The effects of different treatment on root growth potential of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings after lifting were studied. The results showed that:(1)Pruning leaf and root significantly affects root growth potential of Chinese fir seedlings. The root growth potential will decrease with the increase of pruning intensity. (2)The loss of water will reduce the root growth potential. (3)Root growth potential is not closely correlated with seedling morphological indexes.
The effects of different treatment on root growth potential of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings after lifting were studied. The results showed that:(1)Pruning leaf and root significantly affects root growth potential of Chinese fir seedlings. The root growth potential will decrease with the increase of pruning intensity. (2)The loss of water will reduce the root growth potential. (3)Root growth potential is not closely correlated with seedling morphological indexes.
2000, 13(5): 543-546.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the disposition and effects of apple tree and ginger intercropping system. The result showed that the intercropping system could increase the yields and quality of apple,and that the yields of the single tree,weight of single apple and soluble solid matter increased by 14.5%,14.3% and 8.3% respectively,and the income of the system was 3 times of that of the apple orchard.
This paper deals with the disposition and effects of apple tree and ginger intercropping system. The result showed that the intercropping system could increase the yields and quality of apple,and that the yields of the single tree,weight of single apple and soluble solid matter increased by 14.5%,14.3% and 8.3% respectively,and the income of the system was 3 times of that of the apple orchard.
2000, 13(5): 547-550.
Abstract:
Forestry investigation and data analysis showed that the infection rates of Beauveria bassiana were dependent on the density of Dendrolimus punctatus,the same as parasitoids did.The spatial distribution of cadava and parasitic pupa followed the pattern of their host,scattering or concentrating unevenly,which belonged to negative binomial distribution.The frequent probability curves developed into y =84.82 e(-x/3.30) and y =64.10 e (-x/2.34) respectively.
Forestry investigation and data analysis showed that the infection rates of Beauveria bassiana were dependent on the density of Dendrolimus punctatus,the same as parasitoids did.The spatial distribution of cadava and parasitic pupa followed the pattern of their host,scattering or concentrating unevenly,which belonged to negative binomial distribution.The frequent probability curves developed into y =84.82 e(-x/3.30) and y =64.10 e (-x/2.34) respectively.
2000, 13(5): 551-553.
Abstract:
The outbreak of Cryptotympana atrata happened in a certain airport,Zhejiang Province in July 1999.Some airplanes were damaged.The biological habits of this insect,the causes of outbreak were studied.The author also suggested some measurements to control C.atrata which including artificial catching,physical control and chemical control.
The outbreak of Cryptotympana atrata happened in a certain airport,Zhejiang Province in July 1999.Some airplanes were damaged.The biological habits of this insect,the causes of outbreak were studied.The author also suggested some measurements to control C.atrata which including artificial catching,physical control and chemical control.
2000, 13(5): 554-561.
Abstract:
According to the present situation of Eucommia ulmoides industrialization and culture techniques,the factors limiting the development of E.ulmoides industrialization were analyzed.The authors consider priority should be paid on E.ulmoides gum production and promote the production of other kinds of E.ulmoides products.It is necessary to innovate in the traditional culture techniques.The culture model should be changed from medicine oriented one to fruit oriented one,so as to raise the yield of fruit and gum and breed high yield E.ulmoides varieties.The techniques that can raise the production of fruit and gum should be developed.
According to the present situation of Eucommia ulmoides industrialization and culture techniques,the factors limiting the development of E.ulmoides industrialization were analyzed.The authors consider priority should be paid on E.ulmoides gum production and promote the production of other kinds of E.ulmoides products.It is necessary to innovate in the traditional culture techniques.The culture model should be changed from medicine oriented one to fruit oriented one,so as to raise the yield of fruit and gum and breed high yield E.ulmoides varieties.The techniques that can raise the production of fruit and gum should be developed.
2000, 13(5): 562-567.
Abstract:
There was a dramatic decrease of the yield of Tricholoma matsutake in Yunnan Province in recent years.An investigation on the production area and market was made and some research works were conducted in the experiment plots.Some proposals about promoting the sustainable development of T.matsutake were suggested.By prohibiting the collection of un-matured T.matsutake which takes 36.4% of the total T.matsutake production yield,the yield could increased by 1.96 times.By adopting scientific harvesting method and other countermeasures,preserving the suitable ecological environment,the yield of T.matsutake could double in successive years in an area of 72 hectares.In an experiment plots with an area of 1 hectares,the amount of T.matsutake increased by 45.28% and the yield increased by 48%.The ecological environment improved significantly.
There was a dramatic decrease of the yield of Tricholoma matsutake in Yunnan Province in recent years.An investigation on the production area and market was made and some research works were conducted in the experiment plots.Some proposals about promoting the sustainable development of T.matsutake were suggested.By prohibiting the collection of un-matured T.matsutake which takes 36.4% of the total T.matsutake production yield,the yield could increased by 1.96 times.By adopting scientific harvesting method and other countermeasures,preserving the suitable ecological environment,the yield of T.matsutake could double in successive years in an area of 72 hectares.In an experiment plots with an area of 1 hectares,the amount of T.matsutake increased by 45.28% and the yield increased by 48%.The ecological environment improved significantly.