• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2001 Vol. 14, No. 2

Display Method:
Study on the Ant Communities of the Vertical Band on East Slope of the Gaoligongshan Mountains Nature Reserve
XU Zheng-hui, JIANG Xing-cheng, CHEN Zhi-qiang, WU Ding-min
2001, 14(2): 115-124.
Abstract:
Ant communities and their species diversity of the vertical band on east slope of the Gaoligongshan Mountains Nature Reserve are studied. The ant communities of the vertical band have obvious regularity on east slope of the nature reserve. Along with the altitude increasing, the number of dominant species of ant communities commonly decreases, but the percentage of dominant species increases. The quantity of species and individual density decrease with the altitude increasing. Along with altitude increasing, predominant index generally increases, but species diversity index and evenness index decrease. Some exceptions are also observed. The exceptional high predominant index and extraordinary low dominant species quantity, species diversity index and evenness index found in the Pinus yunnanensis forest at north section are related to the condition of the vegetation being a pure forest, however the extremely high species quantity and individual density of the forest are due to the marginal effect. The exceptional high predominant index and specially low dominant species quantity, individual density and species diversity index in the monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest at middle south section are caused by fragmentation of the vegetation. In contrast, the comparatively lower percentage of dominant species and predominant index, and the relatively higher species diversity index and evenness index in the upper portion of the mountain at middle north and middle south sections are related to the vegetation keeping a virgin forest state. Similarity coefficients between ant communities of the vertical band at all the 4 sections on east slope of the nature reserve are almost all in the range of 0~0.25 which representing an extremely dissimilar level. Only the similarity coefficient between ant communities of the Alnus nepalensis forest and monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest reaches the range of 0.25~0.50 which being a moderate dissimilar level.
Segregation of RAPD Markers: A Case in Interspecific Cross of Eucalyptus
GAN Si-ming, SHI Ji-sen, BAI Jia-yu, WU Kun-ming, WU Ju-ying
2001, 14(2): 125-130.
Abstract:
Seven 10 mer primers were used for analysis on segregation of RAPD(Random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers in an interspecific F 1 population of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. tereticornis, including 2 parents and 212 sibs. Of the total 40 fragments amplified, 28(70%) were polymorphic between parents and 24(60%) segregant in the sibs, indicating a high level of polymorphism and heterozygosity at RAPD loci between the two parents. There were 27 markers segregating in a Mendelian pattern, including 9 markers presenting in both parents and all sibs(representing a genotypic combination AA×AA, AA×Aa or Aa×AA),7 markers polymorphic between the parents but homologous in all sibs(AA×aa or aa×AA),2 markers presenting in both parents and segregating in the sibs in a ratio 3∶1(Aa×Aa), and 9 markers polymorphic between the parents and segregating in the sibs in a ratio 1∶1(Aa×aa or aa×Aa). There were 13 markers segregating in a nonmendelian pattern, including 12 markers polymorphic between parents but segregating in the sibs in a ratio distortive from 1∶1, and 1 markers homologous in both parents but segregating in the sibs in a ratio distortive from 3∶1. Those markers that were polymorphic between parents and segregating 1∶1 in the sibs, following a pseudo testcross configuration, could be potentially useful for genetic linkage map construction of the representative species, which would lay a theoretical basis for genetic linkage map construction using RAPD markers and F 1 population.
Study on the Relationship between the Changes of Activities and Isoenzymes of Oxidases and the Rooting of Eucalyptus Cuttings Treated with Indoleacetic Acid
LI Ming, HUANG Zhuo-lie, TAN Shao-man, LIN Shao-xiang, LONG Teng, LIN Hai-qiu
2001, 14(2): 131-140.
Abstract:
Eucalyptus urophylla MLA clone(MLA) was difficult to root species. E. urophylla U6 clone(U6) and E. ABL 12 W5 clone(W5) were relatively easy to root species. The activities of peroxidase(POD) and indoleacetic acid oxidase(IAAO) in MLA were higher than that in U6 and W5. But the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO) in MLA was lower than that in U6 and W5. After the cuttings of Eucalyptus were treated with indoleacetic acid(IAA), the activities of POD, PPO and IAAO and the content of protein increased regularly in different stages of rooting. The isoenzymes of POD and PPO increased after treatment with IAA. The relationship between the oxidases and rooting of Eucalyptus cuttings was discussed.
Monitoring the Insecticide Resistance of Dendrolimus punctatus and the Synergism of Pyrethroids by SV1
WEN Xiao-sui, PENG Long-hui, WAN Xue-min, LONG Wei, LUO Jun-gen, ZHANG Wu
2001, 14(2): 141-147.
Abstract:
Fourth instar populations of Dendrolimus punctatus collected from 16 counties in Jiangxi Province were evaluated to study the susceptibility to deltamethrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin. The results showed that the resistance of D. punctatus populations in Gao an and Guixi to deltamethrin was not very high. The resistance of all other populations tested to deltamethrin increased obviously. No resistance to fenvalerate or cypermethrin was observed. Binary mixture of 5 different ratios(0.5∶1,1∶1,3∶1,5∶1 and 10∶1) of SV1 with deltamethrin or fenvalerate or cypermethrin was applied. Synergism was observed at any ratio of SV 1 plus the three pyrethroids. The higher the concentration of SV1, the stronger the synergistic effect. Combinations of four pyrethroid insecticides plus SV1 were tested in pine forest. The results showed that the combination of 2.5% deltamethrin plus SV1(1∶5), combination of 20% fenvalerate plus SV1(1∶3~1∶5), combination of 2.5% cyhalothrin plus SV1(1∶3~1∶5) and combination of 10% cypermethrin plus SV1(1∶5) got significant synergistic effects and could effectively bring the D. punctatus under control.
Study on Seedling Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Taiwan Pine
FU Song-ling, WU Ze-min
2001, 14(2): 148-153.
Abstract:
On the basis of investigating natural vegetation of Taiwan pine(Pinus taiwanensis) forest, four Taiwan pine seedling plots with transmissivities of 100%, 45%, 37% and 16% were established to measure regularly the photosynthetic ratio, respiratory ratio, evapotranspiration ratio, increments of organs and biomass. The results showed that:(1) Illumination had significant influence on the growth and physiological process of P. taiwanensis. The seedling with transmissivitiy of 100% was the strongest. There exists a close relationship between photosynthetic effective radiation and photosynthetic effectiveness, which follows the equation of Y=19.510 8X0.0282 .(2) The P. taiwanensis seedlings had the characteristics of low water potential, high photo compensation point(5.26 W·m-2), high water utilization ratio(3.01×10-3), deep rooting and strong drought tolerance. It is proved that this species is suitable to be planted as water conservation forest in mountainous area of subtropic region.
The Yield and Biomass Structure of Plywood Forest of Poplar Clone I-69
LIANG Jun, XU Xi-zeng, LU Shi-xing
2001, 14(2): 154-159.
Abstract:
Based on the survey data of 290 valuation areas, analyzed laws of yield and biomass structure with the change of site index and planting density. The results show that yield of plywood timber increases with increase of site index. The percentage of plywood timber to total yield decreases with increase of planting density in the site indices 14,16 and 18 m; But in the site indices 20 and 22 m, the percentage is basically steady of 50 percentage or so. Both yields of ground wood timber and chemical pulp timber increase with increase of site index and planting density. The percents of ground wood pulp timber yield to total yield and chemical pulp timber yield to total yield increase with increase of planting density in site indices 14,16 and 18 m; But in site indices 20 and 22 m, the percent is steady at 30 and 20 percent respectively. The ratios of stem, bark and branch biomass to total biomass of stand and individual tree are basically steady in different site index and planting density. It is most feasible to manage plywood forest for poplar clone I 69 with space 8 m ×8 m or 7 m × 7 m and site index 20 or 22 m.
Comparison and Study on the Productivity and Biomass Component Proportions of Different Rotation of Chinese Fir Plantations in Fenyi, Jiangxi Province
ZHANG Jia-cheng, SHENG Wei-tong, NIE Dao-ping, BAI Xiu-lan
2001, 14(2): 160-167.
Abstract:
The productivity of first rotation of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) was compared with that of the second rotation. The tree height of dominant tree was used as the indicator, which was not influenced by the stand density but influenced by the site condition and age of the stand. The stand age on the first and the second generations sample plots of Chinese fir with similar site condition and development stage in Dagangshan of Jiangxi Province was in keeping with that of the main plot of first rotation, and height of dominant trees was calculated after the age changing by using Growth and Yield Model System of Chinese Fir Plantation, so as to compare the dominant heights between the first and second rotation stands with similar stand age and site conditions. Based on the data of practical measuring of biomass, the differences of biomass percentage of trunk, root and leaves were compared by the method of hypothesis testing. The results showed that there was no significant difference of productivity between the first and the second rotation young stands under various site conditions. The productivity of first rotation middle aged stand was higher than that of the second rotation stand. The poorer the site condition, the more significant the difference. For 4~12 years old stands, it was showed that:(1) The percentage of trunk in the total biomass was higher for first rotation stand than for the second rotation stand.(2) The percentage of root in the total biomass was lower for first rotation stand than for the second rotation stand. The poorer the site condition, the more significant the difference.(3) There existed no significant difference of percentage of leaves and branches in total biomass between first and second rotation stands.
Study on the Growth Character Correlation of Chinese Fir Clone and Early Selection
HU De-huo, LIN Xu-ping, RUAN Zi-cai, CHEN Zhong-lin, GONG Yi-guang, HUANG Xiao-ping
2001, 14(2): 168-175.
Abstract:
The growth of 2 clonal plantation(7 and 10 years old) were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the F values of height and diameter increment, the component of variance and repeatability increased significantly and tended to be stabilized in the second year after planting. The repeatability of clone was between 0.65 and 0.90. From the third year on, both the correlation coefficient of height, DBH and the lately corresponding character and the correlation coefficient of height DBH and lately volume became higher and tended to be stabilized. The genetic correlation coefficient is larger than the coefficient of order, phenotype and environment. This showed that the growth correlation coefficient is mainly controlled by heredity, and early selection is effective. The best age of early selection is at 3rd and 4th year. The selective efficiency of early D late V is higher than that of early H late V, and the age of the former which has the biggest selective efficiency emerges earlier than that of the later. So the DBH is an efficient selective index.
Effects of Temperature and Precipitation on Tree ring and Wood Density of Ginkgo in Beijing
FEI Ben-hua, RUAN Xi-gen
2001, 14(2): 176-180.
Abstract:
Taking 17 year old Ginkgo biloba as test material, the effects of temperature and precipitation on wood ring width, ring density maximum density and minimum density were studied. The results showed that the temperature and precipitation in different months had different influence on the growth of G. biloba. The precipitation in July was positively correlated with ring width with a coefficient of 0.69, the significant level is 0.01. The precipitation in August was positively correlated with ring density, maximum density and minimum density with the coefficients of 0.70, 0.74 and 0.74 respectively in the level of 0.01.
Effect of Genotype and Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation on Growth of Eucalyptus Trees
ZHONG Chong-lu, GONG Ming-qin, XU Da-ping, CHEN Yu, WANG Feng-zhen, Nicholas MALAJCZUK
2001, 14(2): 181-187.
Abstract:
Taking Eucalyptus urophylla and E. grandis × urophylla, as test materials, 2 mycorrhizal trials were conducted in 1993 and 1994 at Zhenhai Forest Farm, Kaiping of Guangdong Province. A split plot design was employed with 4 replicates, 2 host species, 8 ectomycorrhizal fungi and 6 or 9 trees per plot(experiment 1), or 3 ectomycorrhizal fungi and 9 trees per plot(experiment 2). After planting, tree height(H), diameter at ground level(D) and diameter at breast height(DBH) were measured at regular intervals. Effectiveness of isolates inoculated for E. grandis × urophylla were significantly different in all indexes between fungus treatments, by analysis of variation(ANOVA) for single species of data per experiment, the effectiveness of isolates for Eucalyptus urophylla were only significantly different in a few indexes between fungus treatments when using the same isolates as E. grandis × urophylla, which meant that tree genotype affected the effectiveness of ectomycorrhizal fungi in field; By ANOVA for 2 host species of data per experiment, order of variation composition for all indexes in experiment 1 was genotype effect genotype × fungus interaction effect or fungus effect, the order for tree height in experiment 2 was genotype effect genotype × fungus interaction effect or fungus effect, the order for DBH in experiment 2 was fungus effect genotype effect genotype × fungus interaction effect; In experiment 1, only D at 3 months after planting was significantly different between genotype × fungus interaction; In experiment 2, only tree heights at 6 months after planting was significantly different between the interaction. Finally, the role of tree genotype in applying ectomycorrhizal fungi was discussed.
Experiment in Afforestation Trial of Eucalypt Species/Provenance on Hilly Land of South Fujian
ZHANG Shun-heng, LIN Xing-hua, ZHENG Wen-guo, HONG Chang-fu, LI Bao-fu, WU Ba-xiang
2001, 14(2): 188-194.
Abstract:
The results of a study on comparing 19 eucalypt species/provenances introduced in hilly land of south Fujian showed that Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis, E. grandis × E. urophylla and Kwangsi Timor belong to high yielding species. The annual mean stand volume of these species reached 35.3~53.3 m3·hm-2 in average. Planted on hilly land, they showed the following characters: strong adaptability, straight and well developed stem, low differentiation, tidy forest form and high productivity. It is proved that these tree species are of optimal species to meet the demand for shortrotation industrial raw material in south Fujian, and is worth to be introduced and planted widely.
Current Status, Dynamics and Causes of Desertification in China
WU Bo
2001, 14(2): 195-202.
Abstract:
The current status, dynamics and causes of desertification in China were analyzed and summarized. From the 1950s to mid 1980s, the desertification developed faster and faster; Since 1980s, it has spread rapidly in most areas but rehabilitated in some local regions. There are two main areas with the fastest spreading and the most severe hazards of desertification: one is the agripastoral transitional zone in semi arid and sub humid areas in northern China, another is the oases along inland river or in the lower reaches of inland river in arid area in northwestern China. Vulnerable eco environment, too high population pressure, and backward techniques and extensive management are the main causes leading to desertification.
Ecological Construction in Dangshan County of Anhui Province
PENG Zhen-hua
2001, 14(2): 203-208.
Abstract:
From the viewpoints of history, the relationship of economic and social development and ecological environment in Dangshan County of Anhui Province was analyzed. The results showed that the ecological and environmental deterioration of Huaihe River valley in Ming and Qing dynasties was the key reason causing the social and economic declining of Dangshan County. In 1949, comprehensive management and forestry ecological engineering began to be conducted and the benefit is great. This case study showed that ecological and environmental construction is the essentials of local economic development and people's livelihood as well as social progress.
Advances in Cultivation of Mushroom wood Plantation in South China
LI Jian-ming, ZHOU Zhi-chun
2001, 14(2): 209-214.
Abstract:
It was proved that there were long history over one thousand years for cultivation of edible fungi such as Xianggu mushroom(Lentinus edodes) in China. And now edible fungi production has become a leading industry of rural economic development in mountainous regions. It is very important to sustain the production of broad leaved wood inhabiting edible fungi to cultivate largely mushroom wood plantation. This paper is a review about the advances in mushroom wood species selection, oriented cultivation of mushroom wood plantation by promoting natural regeneration, high yield cultivation and establishment of seed stand of main mushroom wood species in south China. In view of research status and problems in cultivation of mushroom wood plantation, the paper put forward the corresponding technique countermeasures and future research emphasis, including selection breeding, propagation and seedling culture of main mushroom wood species, planting under Chinese fir and masson pine forest, interplanting between mushroom wood species, sprout regeneration of mushroom wood plantation, etc.
Advances in Waterlogging-resistance of Woody Plants
ZHUO Ren-ying, CHEN Yi-tai
2001, 14(2): 215-222.
Abstract:
From the viewpoints of morphological structure, physiological and physiochemical reaction and molecular biology, the advances in waterlogging resistance of woody plants at home and abroad were described. Under waterlogging condition, the variations in morphological structure, height increment and biomass accumulation were obvious. The photosynthesis, the defend enzyme, respiration metabolism changed correspondingly. Based on the achievement of study, the index of waterlogging resistance, the selection and breeding of waterlogging resistance species and the main methods of breeding were summarized. The authors also pointed out the problems existed and the trend of resistance breeding.
On the Research of Forest Volume Dynamic Monitoring System Based on Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS
LI Chong-gui, SI Lin, ZHAO Xian-wen
2001, 14(2): 223-226.
Abstract:
The components and functions of all parts of forest volume dynamic monitoring system based on remote sensing(RS), geographic information system(GIS) and the global positioning system(GPS) are presented. The various volume estimate models included in the system are sketched. The action and application of the system in forest resource quantitative monitoring is analyzed through practical example.
Study on Chemical Emasculation Experiment of Chinese fir
QI Ming, CHEN Yi-tai, SHAO Xiao-gen
2001, 14(2): 227-229.
Abstract:
Chemical emasculation experiment were carried out in biclonal seed orchard of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) in Suichang County, Zhejiang Province from 1996 to 2000. The chemical emasculation with the compound of 45% paraquat and 10% glyphosate were commonly used at present. The results showed that:(1) Under the suitable prescriptions, the compound of 45% paraquat and 10% glyphosate is one of the inexpensive, easy and ideal chemicals of emasculation.(2) In this experiment, the suitable spraying time is 20 days before the male cone begin to dust. For the sake of safety, if the spraying begin after the formation and differentiation of male cone, but before its growth and development, i.e. before the flow of tree liquid(in dormancy), the effect will be better.(3) The optimal mixture ratio of 45% paraquat and 10% glyphosate is(8 g:15 mL)~(8 g:25 mL), diluting 80 times when using. It is better to spray 3 times.
The Fungi and Insects Which Attack Rubberwood
XING Jia-qi
2001, 14(2): 230-235.
Abstract:
The biological characteristics of the insects and fungi which seriously attack rubberwood and the present state of rubberwood biodeterioration in China were described. The fungi attaching rubberwood consist mainly of blue stain fungi, moulds and rotting fungi. The insects include beetle borers, termites and some other Coleopteran species, such as longicorns and snout beetles etc., the total insect species are near to one hundred. The stain fungi, moulds and beetles should be paid more attention to in rubberwood preservation.