• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2005 Vol. 18, No. 6

Display Method:
A Comparative Study on Berry Characteristics of Large Berry Cultivars of Sea Buckthorn
ZHANG Jian-guo, WO Hong-mei, HUANG Quan, SHAN Jin-you, WANG Chun-yan
2005, 18(6): 643-650.
Abstract:
Berry characteristics of 11 Russian Cultivars and 1 Mongolian Cultivar of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) were studied at 2 sites, Shuiling of Heilongjiang and Denkou of Inner Mongolia. The 100-berry-weight was 38. 33-67. 59 g and 32. 87-63. 85 g of the cultivars in Suiling and Dengkou respectively. Except for 1 cultivar, the 100-berry-weight of the other 11 cultivars in Dengkou was lower than that in Suiling, indicating that the berry weight of seabuckthorn was correlated with the latitudes of the cultivar origins. Significant linear correlation was found between width and length of berry. The berry length, the width and the length/width ratio were all significantly correlated with the 100-berry-weight, therefore, these 3 traits describing berry shape can be used to predict 100-berry-weight. The content of vitamin C in berry juice of the tested large berry cultivars varied from 342. 6 mg kg-1 to 1 770. 3 mg·kg-1, which evidently lower than that of the o-riginal Russian cultivars varying from 470 mg·kg-1 to 3 300 mg·kg-1. The content of vitamin E and total flavones in berry juice of the 12 tested large berry cultivars were 4-29 mg·kg-1 and 36-429 mg · kg-1 respectively.
Population Structure and Life Table of the Endangered Population of Taxus yunnanensis
SU Jian-rong, ZHANG Zhi-jun, DENG Jiang, CHEN Zhi-yong
2005, 18(6): 651-656.
Abstract:
Taxus yunnanensis Cheng et L. is an endangered evergreen conifer and important protected plant of China. There haven't comprehensive investigations on its population. In this paper, 14 plots with 5 600 m2 were investigated, and field data were obtained. The age and structure of the population was analyzed. The time-specific life table, the curves of survivorship, mortality rate, hazard and the four survival function of the population were drawn. The results showed that the numbers of the Taxus yunnanensis population was is very limited, and had an obvious period fluctuation companying the growth of the population. It was convinced that the age structure analysis was much more reasonable than the size class method used widely at present. Its survival curve could be described by Deevey-Ⅲ. The mortality ratio curve showed the similar dynamics to hazard curve. The population had 2 distinct peaks of mortality, 100 a to 130 a and 230 a to 250 a, respectively. The first peak was due to serve environment. Generally, the population grew up stable in the early age, and then went into the middle age which the number of population decreased very quickly, followed by a decline old age. Its mortality rate will exceed 95% and survival rate will decrease to below 5% after 160 a-190 a.
The Growth Difference of Different Betula alnoides Provenances in South Subtropical Mountainous Areas
ZHENG Hai-shui, CHEN Yu-pei, ZENG Jie, LI Wen-Hang
2005, 18(6): 657-661.
Abstract:
The results of filter test including 13 provenances collected from the distribution areas of Betula alnoides processed in south subtropical mountainous areas showed: trees from different provenances were different quite in growth, morph-character and yield, which was integrately evaluated by the indexes of diameter,height, volume,stem form,crown width, crown volume, and pruning power. The results indicated that the provenance from Luxi, Pingbian, and Zhenyuan were better than the others in all characters, suitable for local conditions; the provenances from Xima,Longling and Baise could been selected for utilization; trees from Tengchong and Xilian provenance grew worse, and could not be utilized well. The provenances grew the worst from Pingguo, Pingxiang, Jingxi, Jinghong and Tianlin can not be developed in the areas.
Community Recovery and Stand Growth after Transforming the Secondary Broadleaved Forest into the Edible Fungi Raw Material Forest
FAN Hui-hua
2005, 18(6): 662-668.
Abstract:
The research found that the economic benefit was relatively high for the selection cutting which was advantageous to the rapid community recovery. The stand stocking already reached the level before the selection cutting with 7-years forest conservation. Although the amount of edible fungi timber gained was great for the clean cutting regeneration, the reserved young trees were damaged heavily, which was disadvantage to the growth and recovery of forest after felling. The increase amount of stand stocking during the forest conservation period was 64. 7% and 73. 4% of that with the selection cutting regeneration and the control in the area without management. The dynamic monitor result showed that the community recovery was relatively rapid after adopting the measures of selection cutting and the clean cutting regeneration with artificial promotion. The ground bud plant and 1-year-old plant proportions increased because of the transmittance's increasing sharply and the mass intrusions of heliophilous and indeteminate tree species after the thinning. In the 7th year, the phaenerophyte proportion was already close to that of the area without management. The species diversity indexes of different layers of arbor, brush and grass were higher than that of natural broadleaved forest without management, but the species homogeneous degrees of the different layers were close to the degree of natural broadleaved forest. The study also found that the soil nutrient loss was small for the two reproduction management modes. The forest land soil fertility already reached the former natural forest land soil fertility level through the 7-year's recovery.
Genetic Variation of Paulownia Provenances Resistance against Paulownia witches'Broom
RU Guang-xin, ZHU Xiu-hong, LI Rong-xing, WANG Huo-ran, LIU Ning, ZHOU Hai-jiang
2005, 18(6): 669-675.
Abstract:
Paulownia witches'Broom is one of the most severe diseases affecting the growth of Paulownia trees. In P. tomentosa, the MLO occurs in all provenances except for those in Pingliang (Gansu), even heavily in Nanjing (Jiangsu), Shiyan and Huanggang (Hubei), Shang county (Shanxi) and Dalian (Liaoning), where disease index was over 30%. In P. fortuneii, the incidence of diseases was low, and MOL didn't occur in the southern provenances but was heavy in the north where distribution of P. fortuneii and P. tomentosa overlap. Provenance trails showed that MOL was generally severe in P. tomentosa, the severity tended to increase with the longitude of provenance origins from the western provenances to eastern provenances. Contrastingly, the MLO incidence in P. fortuneii was independent from the longitude of provenance origins, but significantly correlated with the latitude. The higher the latitude of provenance origin, the lower the incidence of diseases was and the smaller the infection index was. There were also significant differences in incidence of diseases and infection index among different Paulownia clones, so it is feasible to select clones with high resistance to the Paulownia witches 'Broom.
Selection and Evaluation of the Resistant Resources to Rose Crown Gall Disease
ZHAO Xiao-lan, SU Xiao-hua, HAN Yi, ZHAO Liang-jun
2005, 18(6): 676-681.
Abstract:
Fifty samples of Rosa spp. were inoculated with the highly virulent strain J-5-1 of Agrobacterium tumefaciens as in vivo testing for resistance to crown gall disease in 2003, 2004. According to disease incidence, tumor size and weight and the impacts on the hosts'growth, these materials were categorized as:highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and highly susceptible. R. rugosa,R. xanthina, R. hybrida 'Fire', R. hybrida ' Double Delight', R. hybrida 'Blue Ribbon 'were highly resistant;R. multiflora 'Inermis No3 ', R. multiflora 'Inermis No4', R. multiflora var. cathayensis and R. multiflora 'Baiyutang'and other 13 materials were grouped as moderately resistant. R. multiflora 'Inermis No11 ', R. multiflora f. carnea, R. chinensis, R. hybrida 'Rouge Meilland',R. hybrida 'Goldmarie'and other 12 materials were moderately susceptible. R. x odorata, R. hybrida 'Schloss Mannieim', R. hybrida 'Yankee Doodle', R. hybrida 'Princess de Monaco'and other 7 samples were highly susceptible. Furthermore, in vitro testing method was introduced to escape the limitations of in vivo testing method. It showed that the tumor size produced on the in vitro cultured plantlets was significant different among the samples, and it could be used as an index for the hosts'susceptibility to A. tumefaciens. The result of in vitro testing method was basically consistent with that of in vivo testing method.
Hydro-ecological Effects of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Stands
XIE Jin-zhong, FU Mao-yi, MA Zhan-xing, XIAO Xian-tan, HUANG Pin-hua
2005, 18(6): 682-687.
Abstract:
Three experimental stands of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro with different planting space,such as3m×4m,4m×5 m, and 5 m x6 m, were established on cutover of Chinese fir, in Nanjing county, Fujian Province, where the hydro-ecological effects of D. latiflorus stand have been monitored continuously for 4 years. The results showed that:(1) The canopy rainfall interception of D. latiflorus stand had a positive relationship with both precipitation and stand density; both the throughfall and stem flow had a positive relationship with precipitation, and a negative relationship with stand density. In D. latiflorus stand with density of 825 clump·hm-2, the canopy rainfall interception and its interception rate were 155.2 mm·year-1 and 14.61% ; the throughfall and its rate were 829.0 mm·year-1 and 78.11% ; and the stem flow and its coefficient were 77.3 mm·year-1 and 7.31%. (2) The litter of D. latiflorus stand had a potential ability to absorb water equaling to Z 8 times of its own dry mass. (3)The potential maximum soil water storage of D. latiflorus stand with three stand densities was 315.3-326.3 mm, which was less than that of Moso bamboo stands (367.9 mm). (4)Both the soil surface runoff and the sand loss of D. latiflorus stand had a positive relationship with precipitation and had a negative relationship with stand density. In D. latiflorus stand with density of 825 clump·hm-2, the soil surface runoff and soil erosion were 0.55, 0.45 times of that in D. latiflorus stand with density of 330 clump·hm-2 respectively, and the loss of the main nutrients such as NO3-,NH4+,PO43-and K+ were 0.58, 0.49, 0.36 and 0.49 times of that in D. latiflorus stand with density of 330 clump·hm-2 respectively.
Effect of Hormone on Hardwood Cutting and Rooting Ability of Picea crassifolia Scion Plucking Trees
CHEN Guang-hui, WANG Jun-hui, ZHANG Jian-guo, ZHANG Shou-gong, XU Yang, ZHANG Wen-xue, SUN Guo-ping
2005, 18(6): 688-694.
Abstract:
Three rooting types of Picea crassifolia hardwood cutting were introduced. The influence of IBA(Indole 3-butyric acid) with various concentrations and treatment time on its rooting and the difference in rooting among individual cuttings were studied. The rooting, sprouting and cutting rot of one-year-old P. crassifolia hardwood cutting treated with IBA were compared and the optimal combination of IBA concentration and treatment time (IBA 250 mg. kg-1, treatment time 12 hours), which could promote P. crassifolia hardwood cutting to produce more and better roots, were determined. The relationship between treatment time and rooting of hardwood cutting and the correlation of indexes measuring the rooting efficiency were analyzed. Also,the relationship between the budbreak of the apical buds and rooting of cutting of cutting were discussed.
Study on the Drought-resistance of Three Seedlings of Acacia
ZHANG Wei-hua, ZHANG Fang-qiu, ZHANG Shou-gong, XU Da-ping, CHEN Zu-xu, HUANG Lie-jian
2005, 18(6): 695-700.
Abstract:
This paper compared the drought resistance of three seedlings of Acacia under different water stress by means of treating with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000) solutions with different osmotic potentials to imitate the condition of water stress, furthermore, decided appraising physiological indexes of early drought resistance of seedlings. The result showed that the indexes of EC, RWC, RWD, Ssug and Fpro could be used as appraising indexes of early drought resistance of seedlings of Acacia, and concluded that the drought resistance of three tree species from strong to weak was A. crassicarpa, A. auriculaeformis, A. mangium.
Study on the Diversity of Soil Macrofauna in Different Habitats in Shilin Karsts of Yunnan Province, China
ZHANG Zhi-ying, ZHANG Liang, LI Yu-hui, HE Xiao-lan
2005, 18(6): 701-705.
Abstract:
The communities'structure, density, biomass and diversity of soil macrofauna in five habitats, which are zonal forest (original forest), secondary forest, brush, grassland, and Pinus yunnanensis forest, representing the secondary-succession karst vegetation bushes and grass land with P. yunnanensis, and making up a series of local forest succession from human interference, had been studied respectively in rain season and dry season in the world-famous Shilin karst scenery park. The result from the study showed that the groups, biomass, diversity indexes of soil macrofauna there clearly depended on human interfering situation and history. The dominant groups of soil macrofauna are the Castopoda, Diplopoda, Hymenoptera, Lumbricida, and Lumbricida was only found rich in original forest and secondary forest. Therefore, Lumbricida is an important species for indicating ecological environment. No matter it is rain season or dry one, the number of groups of soil macrofauna, density, biomass and diversity index were the greatest in the original forest, and lowest in bushes and grassland which were most heavily disturbed. There was a clear phenomenon which soil macrofauna were accumulated in surface soils. The coefficient of communities of soil macrofauna found in 5 habitats was low, but it was the most obvious in the secondary forest, which was protected and naturally restored, and the zonal forest remaining because of local traditional religion.
Study on Controlled Pollination of Eucalyptus wetarensis
LI Guang-you, XU Jian-min, LU Guo-huan, LI Yuan-wei, HUANG Zhen-hua, LU Zhao-hua
2005, 18(6): 706-710.
Abstract:
In this paper, 6 provenances including 8 plus trees of 30-month-old Eucalyptus wetarensis were selected in an orchard in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province for controlled pollination. Many hybrids were acquired by breeding with different pollen of Eucalyptus trees. The results indicated that:(1) average value of fruits/sack among different pollens is in the order of E. urophylla'5 E. wetarensis' E. grandis', the average seed quantities per fruit is in the order of E. urophylla 's E. wetarensis ' E. grandis':(2) incision methods of flower pillar for controlled pollination could acquire hybrids and save pollination time;(3) all diallel crossing could in favor of analysis of genetics between parents and progenies, but isolation of phonological phase would prolong period of breeding to attain object hybrids ; (4) the average value of fruits/sack was significantly different among different mother trees according to variance analysis, and the order of value is W3102 's W3507 's W3604's W3401 's W3708 's W3206 's W3103 's W3105 's. The impact of mothers for value of fruits/sack was much higher than pollens', so it is very important to select mother trees in breeding.
Study on Red Spot Disease of Peony Tree
WU Yu-zhu, JI Yan-ping, LIU Yin, ZHAO Gui-hua, NIU Ying-fu, WANG Hai-ming, ZHAO Hai-jun
2005, 18(6): 711-716.
Abstract:
The red spot disease was one of the important diseases of peony tree and was widely spread in Heze peony tree cultural region in Shandong Province. The infecting rate was about 50% in most peony gardens, and 90% in seriously infected garden. 512 isolates were obtained from 384 samples of 8 batches. by screening, purifying and re-inoculating test, The pathogen was identified as Cladosporium paeoniae according to its cultural and morphological characteristics. The occurrence of disease was closely correlated to the initial infection sources and species of peony tree. Some fungicides, such as the 50% carbendazim, 70% thiophanate-methyl were proved to be effective to control the red spot disease. 800-fold of the fungicides had about 90% efficiencies when spreading for 4 times from middle March to middle July and the infection index could be controlled lower than 5.
The Effect of Compound Preparation Made by Ectomycorrhizal Fungus and Hormone on the Growth and Disease Resistance of Poplar Cuttings
LIANG Jun, QU Zhi-wei, LI Zhong-ning, JIA Xiu-zhen, ZHANG Xing-yao
2005, 18(6): 717-721.
Abstract:
The authous studied the efttct of compound preparation made by ectomycorrhizal fungus and hormone on the growth and disease resistance of poplar cuttings. The results showed that the compound preparation could accelerate the growth of the poplar cuttings, because the amount of absorbing root, mycorrihizal infectin rate and ratio of root and stem were enhanced. Meanwhile, the compound preparation could accelerate the growth of the other part of the cuttings, because the cutting survival rate, height, diamete, biomass, content of chlorophyll and capacitance were increased. Finally, the compound preparation could enhance the disease resistance of poplar cuttings, because the RT, activity of POD and polyphenolase and PAL were increased. The IBA solution could also accelerate the growth of cuttings, but the effect was not as good as that of compound preparation.
Preliminary Study on Crossing Combination Reselection of Chinese Fir for the Southern Area of Zhejiang Province
QI Ming
2005, 18(6): 722-725.
Abstract:
4 testing plantations of full-sibs of Chinese fir set up in two sites of Zhejiang and Jiangxi before 1980 's were investigated, and their trial data were analysed. Some better crossing combinations were evaluated. The controlled crossing of these combinations were gained by artificial pollination. Regional afforestation experiments were conducted. By analysis on testing plantation data of 17 crossing combinations of Chinese fir at 3 ages, genetic variation, genetic relationship and other parameters in total height, diameter at the base, round numbers, the crown of tree and survival rate were studied. According to comprehensive selection index, three good and outstanding crossing combinations were obtained:9702,9706 and 9703. Their genetic gains were very obvious: height 9.18% ; diameter at the base 7. 07% ; round numbers 2.81% ; the crown of tree 7. 73% and survival rate 1. 24% . They were worth to be popularized in the Southern area of Zhejiang Province.
New Record Species of Ophiostoma in China
ZHAO Gui-hua, CHEN Xiao-yin, LI De-wei
2005, 18(6): 726-729.
Abstract:
3 isolates of the genus Ophiostoma on blue-stained pinewood were studied morphologically and identified. The results showed that these three new record species of Ophiostoma in China were:Ophiostoma davidsonii,O. abietinum and O. franke-grosmanniaer.
A Study on Role of GGR6 in Seedling-raising of Taxus chinensis var. mairei
LIU Ge-fei, SONG Xiao-bin, XU Yong-hui, LIU Gui-xiang, LUO Rong-jun
2005, 18(6): 730-733.
Abstract:
Investigation of survival rate and testing of increment and biomass of Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings by using cuttings treated with different concentrate of GGR6 showed that GGR6 could increase survival rate, height and diameter of seedling. While the cuttings were dipped in the GGR6 of 20 mg·L-1 for 5 hours after they were treated with water for 12 hours, the survival rate of the cuttings was 25. 5% and 16. 2% higher than the survival rate of cuttings treated by the same concentrate of 2,4-D and naphthylacetic acid, two times of the survival rate of seedling dipped in water. Both the height and diameter of the living seedlings treated with GGR6 were higher than that of other treatment. The result of this test also showed that it could reduce the effect of the GGR6 to dip quicksets in carbenazim before the quicksets were dipped in the GGR6.
Studies on Resin Flow of Pinus yunnensis Growing on Three Localities of Yunnan
LIN Yan, YE Hui
2005, 18(6): 734-737.
Abstract:
Based on the resin flow measurement of Pinus yunnanensis trees growing on three localities, Lijiang, Kunming and Gejiu of Yunnan Province, it recovered that the resin flow exhibited significantly differences among the three localities. It was suggested that resin flow amounts were negatively related to the degree of latitude. In the same measuring locality, the resin flow was related to the slope orientation. Generally, the resin flow of the trees growing at the northern slope was smaller than that at the southern slope. No significances had been discovered for the resin flow among different orientations of the same tree. In general, the resin flow of the trunk increased with the trunk height. However, the present study did not measure the resin flow inside the crown of the tree.
Study on the Anatomical Properties and Variation of Sand Covered Poplar Grown in the Beaches of Yangtze River
XU Bin, LIU Xing-e, SUN Zhu-yi, ZHA Chao-sheng
2005, 18(6): 738-742.
Abstract:
The poplar grown on the beaches of Yangtze River, Anqing city, Anhui province, were selected to study the wood anatomical properties under sand covered. The results showed that the fiber length, fiber and vessel percentage, the ratio of fiber length to width and angle of microfibril with the values of 829. 08 μm, 62. 48%, 24. 09%, 47. 5, 15. 3°. Compared to the normal trees, the wood properties of fiber length, the thickness of cell wall and vessel percentage had significant effect by sand covered with the relative difference values of-33.78%, 34.70%, -33.08%, while the properties of the wood ray percentage and the ratio of fiber length to fiber width had few effect. Compared to normal poplar tree, the sand covered poplar tree may be have larger wood mechanical prosperities according to the small angle of microfibril, the large fiber percentage and thick cell wall. The difference of wood properties'radial variation between normal and sand covered resulted in different molecular physiological function and different growth cycle.
The Genetic Resources of Introduced Populus and the Problems Existed in China
SU Xiao-hua, DING Ming-ming, HUANG Qin-jun
2005, 18(6): 743-748.
Abstract:
This paper reviewed the introduced genetic resources of Populus in different phases briefly, and summarized the important role of introduced resources in cultivating and the breeding. The authors considered that the research should be strengthened according to the problems presented nowadays. It is necessary to increase the investment to the research of genetic resources, build up the perfect base of genetic conservation, strengthen the innovative abilities to the poplar breeding, extend the scale and the profundity of the estimate research of the introduced genetic resources to achieve the abilities of foreseeing the use of the introduced genetic resources. The gene saturation to poplar hybrids can change the genetic diversity and the integrality of native poplar, the artificial hybrids transformed the foreign genes is the key technology to defend the gene pollution which should be taken as the new needed index to popularize the new varieties. It should start the new turn of collection and research to genetic resources of poplar in order to do the foreseen prepare of the new needed varieties for the intensive management benefit (cultivated range moved to north and the grown period prolonged) which is brought by climate change, the potential ecology risk (absent water) and the disaster brought by insect or disease.
Advances in Studies on Genetics and Breeding of Bamboos
CHEN Guang-cai, MA Nai-xun
2005, 18(6): 749-754.
Abstract:
The research on Bamboo genetics and breeding were limited by bamboo's characteristics and progressed slowly. In this paper, genetics study, traditional breeding and molecular breeding were discussed.In order to accelerate the research on genetics and breeding of bamboo, the authors suggested that the new technology on bamboo germplasm conservation should be invented, flowering mechanism and flower induced should be strengthened, molecular breeding and traditional breeding should be integrated and new technological basis of tissue culture should be established.
Progress and Prospects for Application of Antitranspirant in Forestry
FENG Jian-can, ZHENG Gen-bao, HE Wei, BI Hui-tao, LIN Chunyang
2005, 18(6): 755-760.
Abstract:
The latest research on the application of antitranspirant in forestry was reviewed, including the effects of applying antitranspirant on some physiological and biochemical mechanisms of trees such as transpiration rate,photosynthetic rate, leaf water potential,changes of chlorophyll content,etc. and on the contents of chemicals responding to drought stress. At same time,the authors described the effects of applying antitranspirant on increasing survival rate of afforestation and big tree transplanting, improving tree's resistibility to stress, promoting the yield and quality of fruits, disease and insect controlling and keeping fresh of flowers and fruits products. The problems existed in the application of antitranspirant in forestry were also discussed.
Study on the Eco-environmental Advantages of Forest Tourism Areas
WU Zhang-wen
2005, 18(6): 761-768.
Abstract:
The researches and experiments in the past 10 years in sub-tropical forest tourism areas indicate that these areas had the characters of clear air, good quality surface water, less radioactive pollution, pleasant climate and little noise, which are all good for the physical and psychological health of human beings. Observations showed that in these areas the qualities of air and surface water have reached the I-level National Standard; the bacterium content level was less than 3 700 per m which was far lower than that of the national limit; the content of air negative ions was up to 100 000 per cm3. The forest tourism areas were also abundant in plant phytoncidere and species with a forest cover rate of 78%-98%, the contents of healthcare phytoncidere a-pinene and B-pinene were as high as 85. 89% and there were 900-3000 of plant species and 149-2300 wild animals species. Above all account for the fact that forest tourism areas are ideal resorts for refreshing body and mind and health seeking with its superior eco-environment.
A Study on Methods for RNA Isolation from Bamboos
YANG Wei-dong, WANG Jing-wen, ZHANG Jin-ping, FEI Xue-qian
2005, 18(6): 769-772.
Abstract:
Isolation of high quality RNA from bamboos was complicated by high levels of polyphenols and polysaccharides which bind or co-precipitate with RNA. Using TRIzol, modified guanidine isothiocyanate, modified CTAB, modified hot borated and modified SDS method were investigated. Yield and quality were monitored by UV absorbance (A260/A280 and A260/A230) and by native agarose gel, quality and yield of total RNA of five method extracted were compared. Result showed that RNA extraction using modified SDS method resulted in RNA of high quality from five methods investigated, ratio of A260/A280 was over 1.9, and ratio of A260/A230 was over 1.2, this method produced RNA at 560μg·g-1(FW) with no degradation. Modified SDS method is an efficient and effective procedure for the extraction of high quality and yield RNA from bamboos.