2006 Vol. 19, No. 3
Display Method:
Selecting and Identification of Binding Peptides of the Endoglucanases from Anoplophora glabripennis
2006, 19(3): 267-271.
[Abstract]
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Abstract:
Endoglucanases are the main cellulolytic enzymes in the gut of Anoplophora glabripennis.In this study,random peptide phage display technology was employed to screen peptides that bound the AgEG2,a member of endoglucanase isozymes.Phage clones displaying peptide TPHRSPL accounted for 33.7% of the selected phage population after three rounds of screening,and showed higher phage recovery than the other clones in the binding assay.Peptide TPHRSPL was chemically synthesized and tested for its binding activity to AgEG2.The synthetic peptide exhibited high binding specificity for AgEG1 and AgEG2.This indicated that peptide TPHRSPL had the affinity to the endoglucanase of A.glabripenni,which could be used to study the biological role of the enzyme in the gut,and had the potential to be developed into biological control agents of A.glabripenni.
Endoglucanases are the main cellulolytic enzymes in the gut of Anoplophora glabripennis.In this study,random peptide phage display technology was employed to screen peptides that bound the AgEG2,a member of endoglucanase isozymes.Phage clones displaying peptide TPHRSPL accounted for 33.7% of the selected phage population after three rounds of screening,and showed higher phage recovery than the other clones in the binding assay.Peptide TPHRSPL was chemically synthesized and tested for its binding activity to AgEG2.The synthetic peptide exhibited high binding specificity for AgEG1 and AgEG2.This indicated that peptide TPHRSPL had the affinity to the endoglucanase of A.glabripenni,which could be used to study the biological role of the enzyme in the gut,and had the potential to be developed into biological control agents of A.glabripenni.
2006, 19(3): 272-276.
Abstract:
Foliar δ13C values as the indicating value of water use efficiency(WUE) were measured in 134 clones of Populus nigra L.introduced from different areas of Europe.We investigated the characteristics of δ13C value and water use efficiency of gene resources.The foliar δ13C value of P.nigra L.was abundant in diversity,ranging from-30.40‰ to-27.02‰.The difference of δ13C value in gene resources from different areas was significant,The clones introduced from Russia,Turkey and Germany had higher δ13C value and could be used as parents for breeding new variety.The δ13C value of same clones planted in different areas of China was affected by environment greatly,δ13C value of P.nigra L.clones planted in Inner Mongolia was-26.53‰,which was higher than those planted in Beijing and Shaanxi.The correlation between δ13C value and growth was different when P.nigra L.were planted in different areas.The correlation coefficients between δ13C and plant height,between δ13C and ground diameter of clones in Beijing were 0.912 and 0.829 respectively,whereas between δ13C value and growth of clones in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi showed no significant correlation.Therefore,it is necessary to compare the δ13C value of different genotype in the same growth condition and analyze the correlation between δ13C value and growth status for future scanning and breeding the new variety with high WUE and high productivity.
Foliar δ13C values as the indicating value of water use efficiency(WUE) were measured in 134 clones of Populus nigra L.introduced from different areas of Europe.We investigated the characteristics of δ13C value and water use efficiency of gene resources.The foliar δ13C value of P.nigra L.was abundant in diversity,ranging from-30.40‰ to-27.02‰.The difference of δ13C value in gene resources from different areas was significant,The clones introduced from Russia,Turkey and Germany had higher δ13C value and could be used as parents for breeding new variety.The δ13C value of same clones planted in different areas of China was affected by environment greatly,δ13C value of P.nigra L.clones planted in Inner Mongolia was-26.53‰,which was higher than those planted in Beijing and Shaanxi.The correlation between δ13C value and growth was different when P.nigra L.were planted in different areas.The correlation coefficients between δ13C and plant height,between δ13C and ground diameter of clones in Beijing were 0.912 and 0.829 respectively,whereas between δ13C value and growth of clones in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi showed no significant correlation.Therefore,it is necessary to compare the δ13C value of different genotype in the same growth condition and analyze the correlation between δ13C value and growth status for future scanning and breeding the new variety with high WUE and high productivity.
2006, 19(3): 277-283.
Abstract:
The storages of biomass carbon under cropland,rangeland,natural secondary forests(brushwood,natural secondary forest dominated by Quercus liaotungensis or Populus davidiana) and the plantation of Larix principis-rupprechtil(13,18 and 25-year-old) were investigated.It was found that the above-ground biomass carbon for natural secondary forest,plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 14.93～25.92 t·hm-2,11.97～45.39 t·hm-2,0.83 t·hm-2,0.49 t·hm-2,respectively.The storage of underground biomass carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 6.50～7.55 t·hm-2,6.48～7.64 t·hm-2,1.09 t·hm-2,1.61 t·hm-2,respectively.The above-ground NPP carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 2.97～5.15 t·hm-2·a-1,5.07～6.49 t·hm2·a-1,0.83 t·hm-2·a-1,1.09 t·hm-1·a-1,respectively.The underground NPP carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 1.67～2.86 t·hm-2·a1,1.90～2.10 t·hm-2·a-1,1.38 t·hm-2·a-1 and 1.03 t·hm-2·a-1,respectively.The storage of aboveground biomass carbon of grass increased gradually from May to October.The storage of fine root biomass carbon was the highest in May,June and September for natural secondary forest,which was the lowest in August for rangeland,the highest in July and September for cropland and the highest in May,September and October for the plantation.
The storages of biomass carbon under cropland,rangeland,natural secondary forests(brushwood,natural secondary forest dominated by Quercus liaotungensis or Populus davidiana) and the plantation of Larix principis-rupprechtil(13,18 and 25-year-old) were investigated.It was found that the above-ground biomass carbon for natural secondary forest,plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 14.93～25.92 t·hm-2,11.97～45.39 t·hm-2,0.83 t·hm-2,0.49 t·hm-2,respectively.The storage of underground biomass carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 6.50～7.55 t·hm-2,6.48～7.64 t·hm-2,1.09 t·hm-2,1.61 t·hm-2,respectively.The above-ground NPP carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 2.97～5.15 t·hm-2·a-1,5.07～6.49 t·hm2·a-1,0.83 t·hm-2·a-1,1.09 t·hm-1·a-1,respectively.The underground NPP carbon for the natural secondary forest,the plantation of larch,cropland and rangeland was 1.67～2.86 t·hm-2·a1,1.90～2.10 t·hm-2·a-1,1.38 t·hm-2·a-1 and 1.03 t·hm-2·a-1,respectively.The storage of aboveground biomass carbon of grass increased gradually from May to October.The storage of fine root biomass carbon was the highest in May,June and September for natural secondary forest,which was the lowest in August for rangeland,the highest in July and September for cropland and the highest in May,September and October for the plantation.
2006, 19(3): 284-288.
Abstract:
对白蜡虫的抗突变功能进行实验研究,并分析了甲壳素、多糖、维生素和黄酮类等。以白蜡虫为抗突变材料喂饲小鼠,48 h检测微核的发生率,各剂量组均比对照组的微核率低,其中高剂量组与对照有显著差异,抑制率为34.19%,说明白蜡虫能够对抗环磷酰胺产生的致突变作用,具有明显的抗突变功能。分析结果表明:白蜡虫含有2.14%甲壳素;7.2%的粗多糖,除蛋白后的多糖含量4.54%,多糖含量以葡萄糖计为28.4%,由葡萄糖、甘露糖和果糖组成,3种糖的摩尔比为5∶21∶1,白蜡虫多糖为一种杂多糖-蛋白复合物;白蜡虫还含有1.3%的总黄酮和多种维生素。甲壳素、多糖、维生素和黄酮类物质应为抗突变作用的主要功效成分。
对白蜡虫的抗突变功能进行实验研究,并分析了甲壳素、多糖、维生素和黄酮类等。以白蜡虫为抗突变材料喂饲小鼠,48 h检测微核的发生率,各剂量组均比对照组的微核率低,其中高剂量组与对照有显著差异,抑制率为34.19%,说明白蜡虫能够对抗环磷酰胺产生的致突变作用,具有明显的抗突变功能。分析结果表明:白蜡虫含有2.14%甲壳素;7.2%的粗多糖,除蛋白后的多糖含量4.54%,多糖含量以葡萄糖计为28.4%,由葡萄糖、甘露糖和果糖组成,3种糖的摩尔比为5∶21∶1,白蜡虫多糖为一种杂多糖-蛋白复合物;白蜡虫还含有1.3%的总黄酮和多种维生素。甲壳素、多糖、维生素和黄酮类物质应为抗突变作用的主要功效成分。
2006, 19(3): 289-294.
Abstract:
Thanasimus dubius(Col.: Cleridae) is one of the main natural enemies of many bark beetles,and shows an essential natural control to the beetle population.The present paper studied the predation of Thanasimus dubius on Tomicus piniperda(Col.: Scolytidae) adults,as well as influences of the clerid predation on the bark beetle reproduction processes and reproduction rate.At room temperature of 22～24 ℃,one clerid female adult may averagely feed on 0.61 bark beetle adults(SE=±0.043) a day.In the laboratory,we placed the clerid adults into Yunnan pine(Pinus yunnanensis) logs in which T.piniperda adults have been introduced.The result showed that,Thanasimus dubius adults can interfere reproduction processes of the beetle,causing the decreasing of the beetle reproduction rate.Thanasimus dubius larvae preyed all young stages of the beetle inside logs,recorded predation rate of 8.3%.In the field,we placed Thanasimus dubius adults on the stems of the damaged Yunnan pine trees and then covered the stems with nylon screen.This study demonstrated that the clerid preyed 10.6% of larvae and pupae of Tomicus piniperda living beneath the bark.The present study indicated that Thanasimus dubius may influence Tomicus piniperda reproduction through three aspects at least,feeding on the bark beetle adults,interfering the reproduction processes of the bark beetle,as well as preying the beetle larvae and pupae,and was so regarded to play a substantial role in control of Tomicus piniperda population.
Thanasimus dubius(Col.: Cleridae) is one of the main natural enemies of many bark beetles,and shows an essential natural control to the beetle population.The present paper studied the predation of Thanasimus dubius on Tomicus piniperda(Col.: Scolytidae) adults,as well as influences of the clerid predation on the bark beetle reproduction processes and reproduction rate.At room temperature of 22～24 ℃,one clerid female adult may averagely feed on 0.61 bark beetle adults(SE=±0.043) a day.In the laboratory,we placed the clerid adults into Yunnan pine(Pinus yunnanensis) logs in which T.piniperda adults have been introduced.The result showed that,Thanasimus dubius adults can interfere reproduction processes of the beetle,causing the decreasing of the beetle reproduction rate.Thanasimus dubius larvae preyed all young stages of the beetle inside logs,recorded predation rate of 8.3%.In the field,we placed Thanasimus dubius adults on the stems of the damaged Yunnan pine trees and then covered the stems with nylon screen.This study demonstrated that the clerid preyed 10.6% of larvae and pupae of Tomicus piniperda living beneath the bark.The present study indicated that Thanasimus dubius may influence Tomicus piniperda reproduction through three aspects at least,feeding on the bark beetle adults,interfering the reproduction processes of the bark beetle,as well as preying the beetle larvae and pupae,and was so regarded to play a substantial role in control of Tomicus piniperda population.
2006, 19(3): 295-300.
Abstract:
Cupressus gigantea is a rare-endangered plant species,and its natural communities are scarce.Seven sample plots were selected on the distributing centers of community.Based on the data from 7 sample plots in different stands in the area,the community characteristics of Cupressus gigantea were analyzed on the composition,flora characteristics,community physiognomy,vertical and horizontal structure.The results showed that the community were composed of 90 species of Tracheophyta which belongs to 41 families and 77 genera,in which 84.42% of genera contained only one species.The flora components,life-form spectrum and leaf characters showed their typical temperate character,the community vertical structure could be clearly divided into arbor layer,shrub layer,herb layer,and some interstater plants.The arbor layer had a crown density of 0.3～0.5 and was dominated by individuals of Cupressus gigantea in the community,and the horizontal structure was not symmetrical.Compared with Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis community,the species diversity of Cupressus gigantea community was lower.
Cupressus gigantea is a rare-endangered plant species,and its natural communities are scarce.Seven sample plots were selected on the distributing centers of community.Based on the data from 7 sample plots in different stands in the area,the community characteristics of Cupressus gigantea were analyzed on the composition,flora characteristics,community physiognomy,vertical and horizontal structure.The results showed that the community were composed of 90 species of Tracheophyta which belongs to 41 families and 77 genera,in which 84.42% of genera contained only one species.The flora components,life-form spectrum and leaf characters showed their typical temperate character,the community vertical structure could be clearly divided into arbor layer,shrub layer,herb layer,and some interstater plants.The arbor layer had a crown density of 0.3～0.5 and was dominated by individuals of Cupressus gigantea in the community,and the horizontal structure was not symmetrical.Compared with Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis community,the species diversity of Cupressus gigantea community was lower.
2006, 19(3): 301-306.
Abstract:
The capacity of water-retention and-supply for plants of the soils on five typical vegetations were analyzed by measuring the soil water characteristic curves and physical properties in the north side of Liupan Mountains,Ningxia.The results showed that the relationship between soil moisture and soil suction could be successfully expressed by the power function proposed by Gardner et al.(1970).The soil density in different layers on five vegetations were ranged from high to low values as follow: abandoned land,Prunus davidiana plantation,Stipa bungcana community,Larix principi-rupprechtii plantation and Hippophae rhamnoides community.However,the order of total soil capillary porosity of the five vegetations was just contrary.From 0.1 to 1.5 MPa in soil suction,soil water content of Larix principi-rupprechtii plantation,Stipa bungcana community,Hippophae rhamnoides community, Prunus davidiana plantation and abandoned land were ranged in 169.7～239.3 g·kg-1,160.3～236.1 g·kg-1,140.9～224.5 g·kg-1,119.9～198.1 g·kg-1and 113.5～176.4 g·kg-1 respectively,it meant that the soil capacity of water-retention of the five vegetations decreased in order.The order of soil capacity of water-supply for the five vegetation types was the same as soil capacity of water-retention,and it decreased with increasing of soil suction.The results could be explained by the positive effect of soil physical properties(i.e.soil density and total capillary porosity et al.) caused by planting trees and grass on the soil capacities of water-retention and-supply.
The capacity of water-retention and-supply for plants of the soils on five typical vegetations were analyzed by measuring the soil water characteristic curves and physical properties in the north side of Liupan Mountains,Ningxia.The results showed that the relationship between soil moisture and soil suction could be successfully expressed by the power function proposed by Gardner et al.(1970).The soil density in different layers on five vegetations were ranged from high to low values as follow: abandoned land,Prunus davidiana plantation,Stipa bungcana community,Larix principi-rupprechtii plantation and Hippophae rhamnoides community.However,the order of total soil capillary porosity of the five vegetations was just contrary.From 0.1 to 1.5 MPa in soil suction,soil water content of Larix principi-rupprechtii plantation,Stipa bungcana community,Hippophae rhamnoides community, Prunus davidiana plantation and abandoned land were ranged in 169.7～239.3 g·kg-1,160.3～236.1 g·kg-1,140.9～224.5 g·kg-1,119.9～198.1 g·kg-1and 113.5～176.4 g·kg-1 respectively,it meant that the soil capacity of water-retention of the five vegetations decreased in order.The order of soil capacity of water-supply for the five vegetation types was the same as soil capacity of water-retention,and it decreased with increasing of soil suction.The results could be explained by the positive effect of soil physical properties(i.e.soil density and total capillary porosity et al.) caused by planting trees and grass on the soil capacities of water-retention and-supply.
2006, 19(3): 307-310.
Abstract:
On the basis of the measurement of the heavy metals As,Hg,Cr,Cd,Pb in the soil and plants on the terrestrial area at the intersection of Poyanghu Lake and Yangtse River(including two sampling plots in Jiujiang-Xingang and Hukou),the difference of the heavy metals in these two plots were compared,and the correlation and curve fitting of the heavy metal contents in the plants and soil were counted and analyzed,and the ecological restoration measures were put forward.The result showed that,the content of Pb(63.56 mg·kg-1) in the soil of Jiujiang-Xingang sampling plot was higher than that(53.12 mg·kg-1) of Hukou sampling plot,but the contents of As,Hg,Cr,Cd were not significantly different.In Jiujiang-Xingang and Hukou sampling plots,the contents of Cr,Pb,Cd in the plant roots were higher than that in stems and leaves,but the contents of As and Hg were just contrary,the contents of heavy metals in stems were in the medium level.Analyzing the correlation of the heavy metal contents in plants and soil among all sampling plots,the results are as follows: the contents of Hg,Pb in plant and soil were correlated,but As,Cd,Cr were not.
On the basis of the measurement of the heavy metals As,Hg,Cr,Cd,Pb in the soil and plants on the terrestrial area at the intersection of Poyanghu Lake and Yangtse River(including two sampling plots in Jiujiang-Xingang and Hukou),the difference of the heavy metals in these two plots were compared,and the correlation and curve fitting of the heavy metal contents in the plants and soil were counted and analyzed,and the ecological restoration measures were put forward.The result showed that,the content of Pb(63.56 mg·kg-1) in the soil of Jiujiang-Xingang sampling plot was higher than that(53.12 mg·kg-1) of Hukou sampling plot,but the contents of As,Hg,Cr,Cd were not significantly different.In Jiujiang-Xingang and Hukou sampling plots,the contents of Cr,Pb,Cd in the plant roots were higher than that in stems and leaves,but the contents of As and Hg were just contrary,the contents of heavy metals in stems were in the medium level.Analyzing the correlation of the heavy metal contents in plants and soil among all sampling plots,the results are as follows: the contents of Hg,Pb in plant and soil were correlated,but As,Cd,Cr were not.
2006, 19(3): 311-315.
Abstract:
The antitumor activities of volatile constituents from Platycladus orentalis against human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 were determined by alamar blue assay.The results showed that the inhibiting rates of volatile constituents from the leaves,seed and seed capsule of P.orentalis against human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 were 86.24%,97.73% and 47.80% respectively.And the volatile oil constituents in leaves and seed were the highest.The volatile constituents from the three organs were analyzed by GC-MS method.The varieties of volatile oil in the leaf,seed and seed capsule of P.orentalis were 8,31 and 21 respectively.The results showed that the leaves contained the highest contents of α,α,4,8-tetramethy 1-3,7-cyclodecadiene-1-methjanol and cedrol,which took about 27.213% and 26.193% respectively.The contents of cedrol in seed and seed capsule were the highest,which were 28.277% and 26.919% of the total.The purity of cedrol re-crystallized under 4 ℃ from leaves of P.orentalis was as high as 97.06%.The IC50 of cedrol against the lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 was 44.98 μg·mL-1.
The antitumor activities of volatile constituents from Platycladus orentalis against human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 were determined by alamar blue assay.The results showed that the inhibiting rates of volatile constituents from the leaves,seed and seed capsule of P.orentalis against human lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 were 86.24%,97.73% and 47.80% respectively.And the volatile oil constituents in leaves and seed were the highest.The volatile constituents from the three organs were analyzed by GC-MS method.The varieties of volatile oil in the leaf,seed and seed capsule of P.orentalis were 8,31 and 21 respectively.The results showed that the leaves contained the highest contents of α,α,4,8-tetramethy 1-3,7-cyclodecadiene-1-methjanol and cedrol,which took about 27.213% and 26.193% respectively.The contents of cedrol in seed and seed capsule were the highest,which were 28.277% and 26.919% of the total.The purity of cedrol re-crystallized under 4 ℃ from leaves of P.orentalis was as high as 97.06%.The IC50 of cedrol against the lung cancer cell line NCI-H460 was 44.98 μg·mL-1.
2006, 19(3): 316-320.
Abstract:
In China,Eucalyptus plantations are intensively managed for commercial uses.It appeared that the variety of insect pests and their damage degree to the eucalyptus were increasing with the expansion of the pure eucalyptus plantations.The control of these pests should follow the principal of ecological control.The meaning of ecological control of forest pests is to establish a healthy forest ecosystem.The application of this basic theory in the ecological control of insect pests of eucalyptus plantation could gain better socio-economic and ecological benefits.It could successfully control the pest damage on eucalyptus and promote the development of eucalyptus plantation industry.The hypogeal insect pests of eucalyptus are a group of special insect pests,having made serious damages to the young plantation.To solve the problem,it is necessary to use chemicals to control the population of those insect pests.The selection of chemicals and the methods of chemical application must be appropriate so as to lighten and minimize the negative impacts of chemicals on the ecological environment.
In China,Eucalyptus plantations are intensively managed for commercial uses.It appeared that the variety of insect pests and their damage degree to the eucalyptus were increasing with the expansion of the pure eucalyptus plantations.The control of these pests should follow the principal of ecological control.The meaning of ecological control of forest pests is to establish a healthy forest ecosystem.The application of this basic theory in the ecological control of insect pests of eucalyptus plantation could gain better socio-economic and ecological benefits.It could successfully control the pest damage on eucalyptus and promote the development of eucalyptus plantation industry.The hypogeal insect pests of eucalyptus are a group of special insect pests,having made serious damages to the young plantation.To solve the problem,it is necessary to use chemicals to control the population of those insect pests.The selection of chemicals and the methods of chemical application must be appropriate so as to lighten and minimize the negative impacts of chemicals on the ecological environment.
2006, 19(3): 321-325.
Abstract:
The ecoenvironment in Duolun County located in the south-east part of Hunshandake Sand is very frangible,Many kinds of sand-desert control patterns such as vegetation recovery and tending technique on sand area,shrub afforestation with the protection membrane technique on the flowing dune,sand-fixation forest of multi-strips with narrow row pattern construction and management technique,and natural vegetation protection in grass-land and high-effect management technique of stockbreeding were implemented in this research and demonstration area.The typical pattern of sand-desert control and ecological farming sustainable development were built and remarkably comprehensive benefits were gained.After comprehensive control,vegetation cover-degree was increased by 33%,the rough degree of ground was increased by 183%～246%,soil drifting was reduced by over 90%,minuteness sand grain content in the air was fell off by 56%～80% above 1.5 m,the air humidity increased by 2.4%～9.1%,soil organic and nutritious substance increased by 37%～97%,fresh grass output increased from original 4 500 to 27 000 kg·hm-2,and the target of improving both the ecological benefit and economic benefit was realized in this research and demonstration area.
The ecoenvironment in Duolun County located in the south-east part of Hunshandake Sand is very frangible,Many kinds of sand-desert control patterns such as vegetation recovery and tending technique on sand area,shrub afforestation with the protection membrane technique on the flowing dune,sand-fixation forest of multi-strips with narrow row pattern construction and management technique,and natural vegetation protection in grass-land and high-effect management technique of stockbreeding were implemented in this research and demonstration area.The typical pattern of sand-desert control and ecological farming sustainable development were built and remarkably comprehensive benefits were gained.After comprehensive control,vegetation cover-degree was increased by 33%,the rough degree of ground was increased by 183%～246%,soil drifting was reduced by over 90%,minuteness sand grain content in the air was fell off by 56%～80% above 1.5 m,the air humidity increased by 2.4%～9.1%,soil organic and nutritious substance increased by 37%～97%,fresh grass output increased from original 4 500 to 27 000 kg·hm-2,and the target of improving both the ecological benefit and economic benefit was realized in this research and demonstration area.
2006, 19(3): 326-330.
Abstract:
The tree structure of Lanfeng,Fen'gan,Liuyuebai,Qiubai,Bian'gan,Shan'gan and the relationship between its indeterminate shoots and branchlets that growth development traits of Phyllanthus emblic L.were surveyed and analyzed.The results showed that branchlets were location 1 to 4 years' indeterminate shoots on 10 years tree.On vertical sense of tree structure,81.9% availability indeterminate shoots were set upper and middle of canopy where distance 100～200 cm from earth surface.On horizontal direction of tree structure,88.8% availability indeterminate shoots were set 0～150 cm from trunk of tree.The most branchlets of per centimeter of indeterminate shoots was 1.884 of bian'gan variety.The branchlets distributing is reasonable on 1 to 30 years'tree.From the structure traits of Phyllanthus emblic L.750～900 individual plants per hectare will be rather rational density for a long consideration.
The tree structure of Lanfeng,Fen'gan,Liuyuebai,Qiubai,Bian'gan,Shan'gan and the relationship between its indeterminate shoots and branchlets that growth development traits of Phyllanthus emblic L.were surveyed and analyzed.The results showed that branchlets were location 1 to 4 years' indeterminate shoots on 10 years tree.On vertical sense of tree structure,81.9% availability indeterminate shoots were set upper and middle of canopy where distance 100～200 cm from earth surface.On horizontal direction of tree structure,88.8% availability indeterminate shoots were set 0～150 cm from trunk of tree.The most branchlets of per centimeter of indeterminate shoots was 1.884 of bian'gan variety.The branchlets distributing is reasonable on 1 to 30 years'tree.From the structure traits of Phyllanthus emblic L.750～900 individual plants per hectare will be rather rational density for a long consideration.
Structure of Soil Animal Community of Oakery Litter and Fluctuation during Leaf Litter Decomposition
2006, 19(3): 331-336.
Abstract:
The soil animal community and its fluctuation during leaf litter decomposition was investigated with litterbag(5 mm,1 mm and 1/300 mm)method(from Apri.to Oct.,2002) in oakery(Quercus liaotungensis)forest and in mixed forest(oakery∶pine(Pinus tabulaeformis)= 2∶1)at Jiulongshan,Beijing.3 564 individuals were collected from 98 litterbags,belonging to 3 Phyla,10 Classes,19 Orders.Most of the dominant taxa were Hymenoptera,Psocoptera,Diptera,Collembola and Acariformes.Most were omnivores in the forest litter.The number of individual and group of meso-and microfauna in mixed forest were more than that in the oakery,while the macrofauna were less than that in the oakery,the number of individual and group were not significant at α=0.05 to two type forests.In the three kind of litterbags,the amount of the soil animal individual and group were in the order of 5 mm>1 mm>1/300 mm in pure oakery forest,while the amount of soil animal individual was 1 mm>5 mm>1/300 mm,and the group was 5 mm>1 mm>1/300 mm in mixed forest,and the amount of group reached the peak at Aug.or Sept.The diversity of the soil animal group was trending to increase;Soil animal community was more heterogeneous in different forest.The dominant taxa showed that they were not significant in correlated to the mass loss of the litter(r_s 0.05).The colonized duration of Acariformes and Psocoptera were 10.33 and 8.53 months at oakery,respectively,while that of Hymenoptera and Diptera were 9.48 and 7.91 months respectively in mixed forest.
The soil animal community and its fluctuation during leaf litter decomposition was investigated with litterbag(5 mm,1 mm and 1/300 mm)method(from Apri.to Oct.,2002) in oakery(Quercus liaotungensis)forest and in mixed forest(oakery∶pine(Pinus tabulaeformis)= 2∶1)at Jiulongshan,Beijing.3 564 individuals were collected from 98 litterbags,belonging to 3 Phyla,10 Classes,19 Orders.Most of the dominant taxa were Hymenoptera,Psocoptera,Diptera,Collembola and Acariformes.Most were omnivores in the forest litter.The number of individual and group of meso-and microfauna in mixed forest were more than that in the oakery,while the macrofauna were less than that in the oakery,the number of individual and group were not significant at α=0.05 to two type forests.In the three kind of litterbags,the amount of the soil animal individual and group were in the order of 5 mm>1 mm>1/300 mm in pure oakery forest,while the amount of soil animal individual was 1 mm>5 mm>1/300 mm,and the group was 5 mm>1 mm>1/300 mm in mixed forest,and the amount of group reached the peak at Aug.or Sept.The diversity of the soil animal group was trending to increase;Soil animal community was more heterogeneous in different forest.The dominant taxa showed that they were not significant in correlated to the mass loss of the litter(r_s 0.05).The colonized duration of Acariformes and Psocoptera were 10.33 and 8.53 months at oakery,respectively,while that of Hymenoptera and Diptera were 9.48 and 7.91 months respectively in mixed forest.
2006, 19(3): 337-341.
Abstract:
Based on the 18 phenotypic characteristics data of 729 trees of 24 populations of Melia azedarach in China distribution area,the principal component and cluster analysis have been made.5 phenotypical districts and 10 sub-phenotypical districts were founded.Canonical discriminant analysis showed significant differentiation among phenotypical distributes,but not for within phenotypical distributes.In order to interprete whether the 5 phenotypical districts are reasonable,Canonical discriminant analysis has proved 93.8 percent historical data correct.The phenotypic allocation of Melia azedarach provides a science foundation for germplasm resources conservation,reasonable sampling,diversity assessment and a guidline for seedling optical allocation.
Based on the 18 phenotypic characteristics data of 729 trees of 24 populations of Melia azedarach in China distribution area,the principal component and cluster analysis have been made.5 phenotypical districts and 10 sub-phenotypical districts were founded.Canonical discriminant analysis showed significant differentiation among phenotypical distributes,but not for within phenotypical distributes.In order to interprete whether the 5 phenotypical districts are reasonable,Canonical discriminant analysis has proved 93.8 percent historical data correct.The phenotypic allocation of Melia azedarach provides a science foundation for germplasm resources conservation,reasonable sampling,diversity assessment and a guidline for seedling optical allocation.
2006, 19(3): 342-346.
Abstract:
The paper reports the preliminary results of inoculant effect on the growth and drought resistance of Casuarina junghuhniana based on a nursery experiment.Seedlings were inoculated with 3 endomycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and 6 ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF),then the seedling height,root length,ground diameter,dry weight under ground,dry weight above ground and total biomass were measured,and the survival percentage of seedlings under drought stress was surveyed after no watering for 7 days as well.The results showed that both fungi could significantly improve the growth of C.junghuhniana seedlings.Mycorrhizal Dependency(MD) of C.junghuhniana belongs to medium or weak in classification according to 9 fungi applied in this experiment.The growth improvement of above ground(such as seedling height,diameter at ground level and dry weight above ground) was more evident than that of under ground(such as root length,dry weight under ground) when C.junghuhniana was inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi.The AMF indicated more obvious effect in improving drought resistance of C.junghuhniana than that of ECMF according to 9 mycorrhizal fungi used in this experiment.5 isolates were selected from tested AMF and ECMF,including Glomus caledonium 90068,G.caledonium 90036,G.versiform 9004,Scleroderma flavidum 0207,Laccaria sp E439.They could be used as inoculant of C.junghuhniana seedlings.
The paper reports the preliminary results of inoculant effect on the growth and drought resistance of Casuarina junghuhniana based on a nursery experiment.Seedlings were inoculated with 3 endomycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and 6 ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF),then the seedling height,root length,ground diameter,dry weight under ground,dry weight above ground and total biomass were measured,and the survival percentage of seedlings under drought stress was surveyed after no watering for 7 days as well.The results showed that both fungi could significantly improve the growth of C.junghuhniana seedlings.Mycorrhizal Dependency(MD) of C.junghuhniana belongs to medium or weak in classification according to 9 fungi applied in this experiment.The growth improvement of above ground(such as seedling height,diameter at ground level and dry weight above ground) was more evident than that of under ground(such as root length,dry weight under ground) when C.junghuhniana was inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi.The AMF indicated more obvious effect in improving drought resistance of C.junghuhniana than that of ECMF according to 9 mycorrhizal fungi used in this experiment.5 isolates were selected from tested AMF and ECMF,including Glomus caledonium 90068,G.caledonium 90036,G.versiform 9004,Scleroderma flavidum 0207,Laccaria sp E439.They could be used as inoculant of C.junghuhniana seedlings.
2006, 19(3): 347-352.
Abstract:
The species components,species diversities and soil properties in gap and under canopy in broad-leaved Pinus koriensis forests in Changbai Mountains were studied.The results of the study indicated that the species components and species diversities in gap were different from those under canopy.The Shannon-Wiener index,evenness index and abundance index in gap were higher than those under canopy in seedling layer,while the community dominance in seedling layer increaseed in closed canopy.The physico-chemical properties of soil and litter changed with space and resources usefulness in gaps.The thickness,stock and water holding capacity of litter layer under canopy were significantly(P<0.01) higher than those in gap.The content of total nitrogen and total potassium of litter in gap were 10.47% and 20.73% higher than those under canopy,but the content of total phosphorus and organic carbon under canopy were 15.23% and 12.66% more than those in gap.The water content of 0～10 cm and 10～20 cm of soil layer in gap were 17.65% and 16.17% more than those under canopy,the soil bulk density of 0～10 cm was slightly higher under canopy than that in gap,but there was no apparent difference in the soil bulk density of 10～20 cm.The soil pH were 5.80 and 5.85 in gap and under canopy respectively,and it wasn't significantly different.The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total potassium in gap were 12.85%,7.67% and 2.38% higher than those under canopy.The content of NH_3-N,available phosphorus,available potassium and total phosphorus in soil under canopy were 13.33%,20.04%,16.52% and 4.30% higher than those in gap.
The species components,species diversities and soil properties in gap and under canopy in broad-leaved Pinus koriensis forests in Changbai Mountains were studied.The results of the study indicated that the species components and species diversities in gap were different from those under canopy.The Shannon-Wiener index,evenness index and abundance index in gap were higher than those under canopy in seedling layer,while the community dominance in seedling layer increaseed in closed canopy.The physico-chemical properties of soil and litter changed with space and resources usefulness in gaps.The thickness,stock and water holding capacity of litter layer under canopy were significantly(P<0.01) higher than those in gap.The content of total nitrogen and total potassium of litter in gap were 10.47% and 20.73% higher than those under canopy,but the content of total phosphorus and organic carbon under canopy were 15.23% and 12.66% more than those in gap.The water content of 0～10 cm and 10～20 cm of soil layer in gap were 17.65% and 16.17% more than those under canopy,the soil bulk density of 0～10 cm was slightly higher under canopy than that in gap,but there was no apparent difference in the soil bulk density of 10～20 cm.The soil pH were 5.80 and 5.85 in gap and under canopy respectively,and it wasn't significantly different.The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and total potassium in gap were 12.85%,7.67% and 2.38% higher than those under canopy.The content of NH_3-N,available phosphorus,available potassium and total phosphorus in soil under canopy were 13.33%,20.04%,16.52% and 4.30% higher than those in gap.
2006, 19(3): 353-357.
Abstract:
Investigations were conducted on dynamics of soil ecological characteristics in a bamboo plantation under the 2001—2004 fertilization experiment,which was designed to have six fertilization treatments,i.e.,CK(control),C(organic fertilization carbon),N,NP,NPK,CNPK.The results showed that soil available nutrient pool depleted rapidly,which with the decrease of organ matter by 8.0%,of total N by 5.2% and of available P by 15.0% respectively, under 3-year consecutive cropping without fertilization in bamboo plantation.Fertilizing with C,or NP,NPK,or CNPK could increase the content of organic matter with the following order: C and(N,NP,NPK)(increase by 24.08%)>C(increase by 8.49%)>NPK(increase by 2.28%)>NP(increase by 1.90%).However,if N was fertilized singly,the organic matter would decrease by about 4.06%.The results also showed that balanced C,N,P and K application improved available nutrient content and increased total biomass of the soil,promoted the matter circle in soil,enhanced the potential soil supply and do better to the persistent productivity of shoot bamboo plantation.
Investigations were conducted on dynamics of soil ecological characteristics in a bamboo plantation under the 2001—2004 fertilization experiment,which was designed to have six fertilization treatments,i.e.,CK(control),C(organic fertilization carbon),N,NP,NPK,CNPK.The results showed that soil available nutrient pool depleted rapidly,which with the decrease of organ matter by 8.0%,of total N by 5.2% and of available P by 15.0% respectively, under 3-year consecutive cropping without fertilization in bamboo plantation.Fertilizing with C,or NP,NPK,or CNPK could increase the content of organic matter with the following order: C and(N,NP,NPK)(increase by 24.08%)>C(increase by 8.49%)>NPK(increase by 2.28%)>NP(increase by 1.90%).However,if N was fertilized singly,the organic matter would decrease by about 4.06%.The results also showed that balanced C,N,P and K application improved available nutrient content and increased total biomass of the soil,promoted the matter circle in soil,enhanced the potential soil supply and do better to the persistent productivity of shoot bamboo plantation.
2006, 19(3): 358-363.
Abstract:
Physiological indexes such as water potential,relative water content of twigs,chlorophyll content,free proline and so on,were measured and studied in five water conditions by treating water stress of potted seedlings of four tree species in Maowusu region.And the drought resistance capabilities among tree species were compared.The result showed that with the increase of drought stress,the relative water content,chlorophyll content decreased obviously,the relative permeability of plasma membrane and the content of free proline increased.From normal water condition to serious water stress,the values of indexes such as conductance rate,RWC,free Proline of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Populus alba var.pyramidalisa Bunge,Amorpha fruticosa,Salix cheiophila respectively were: conductance rate: 34.19%～39.25%,15.67%～49.77%,18.91%～56.27% and 17.01%～77.26%;RWC:86.47%～58.19%,87.02%～36.42%,90.08%～46.19% and 90.67%～51.19%;Proline:21.26～234.30,32.25～181.93,32.18～284.59 and 24.76～122.16 μg ·g-1(FW).The change of total cholophyll was not so much,the average changing range of broadleaved trees were 3.27～1.82 mg·g-1 and conifers were 2.25～1.05 mg·g-1.Compared with the values in normal water condition,the average relative water content decreased by 40.56%,the content of cholophyll decreased by 1.33 mg·g-1,the relative permeability of plasma membrane increased by 34.19% and free proline increased by 178.14μg ·g-1(FW).The result of the variation analysis of the values of each measured indexe indicated that the drought resistance capabilities of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Amorpha fruticosa were greater,as a result,they are more suitable for cultivation and utilization in arid area.
Physiological indexes such as water potential,relative water content of twigs,chlorophyll content,free proline and so on,were measured and studied in five water conditions by treating water stress of potted seedlings of four tree species in Maowusu region.And the drought resistance capabilities among tree species were compared.The result showed that with the increase of drought stress,the relative water content,chlorophyll content decreased obviously,the relative permeability of plasma membrane and the content of free proline increased.From normal water condition to serious water stress,the values of indexes such as conductance rate,RWC,free Proline of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Populus alba var.pyramidalisa Bunge,Amorpha fruticosa,Salix cheiophila respectively were: conductance rate: 34.19%～39.25%,15.67%～49.77%,18.91%～56.27% and 17.01%～77.26%;RWC:86.47%～58.19%,87.02%～36.42%,90.08%～46.19% and 90.67%～51.19%;Proline:21.26～234.30,32.25～181.93,32.18～284.59 and 24.76～122.16 μg ·g-1(FW).The change of total cholophyll was not so much,the average changing range of broadleaved trees were 3.27～1.82 mg·g-1 and conifers were 2.25～1.05 mg·g-1.Compared with the values in normal water condition,the average relative water content decreased by 40.56%,the content of cholophyll decreased by 1.33 mg·g-1,the relative permeability of plasma membrane increased by 34.19% and free proline increased by 178.14μg ·g-1(FW).The result of the variation analysis of the values of each measured indexe indicated that the drought resistance capabilities of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Amorpha fruticosa were greater,as a result,they are more suitable for cultivation and utilization in arid area.
2006, 19(3): 364-369.
Abstract:
The effects of different planting densities(1 000,500,250 trees·hm-2)on anatomical properties of Populus×xiaohei were studied in Shuozhou County,Shanxi Province.The results indicated that the effects of planting densities on fiber width,double wall thickness,vessel ratio,fiber wall ratio,vessel number,vessel tangential diameter were highly significant,and that on ratio of wall to lumen was significant,but for the fiber length,ratio of length to width,tissue ratio of fibers and rays were not significant.The planting densities had certain effects on the radial variation of fiber properties.The results showed an initially rapid and then gentle increase of fiber length and width,fiber wall thickness and ratio of length to width from pith to outward,while ratio of fiber wall to lumen gradually decreased and then tended to stable.
The effects of different planting densities(1 000,500,250 trees·hm-2)on anatomical properties of Populus×xiaohei were studied in Shuozhou County,Shanxi Province.The results indicated that the effects of planting densities on fiber width,double wall thickness,vessel ratio,fiber wall ratio,vessel number,vessel tangential diameter were highly significant,and that on ratio of wall to lumen was significant,but for the fiber length,ratio of length to width,tissue ratio of fibers and rays were not significant.The planting densities had certain effects on the radial variation of fiber properties.The results showed an initially rapid and then gentle increase of fiber length and width,fiber wall thickness and ratio of length to width from pith to outward,while ratio of fiber wall to lumen gradually decreased and then tended to stable.
2006, 19(3): 370-375.
Abstract:
Chinese tuliptree has not inherent root primordia,which make its cut twigs difficult to survive.In order to increase cutting survival rate,systematic tests and studies were undertaken on mother tree age,twig age,cuttage base material,cuttage season,rooting characters,and post management.The cuttage with twigs having the top and buds could reach 91.4% in survival rate in comparison with 80% of the conventional cuttage.Therefore we built a twig nursery.A simple efficient cuttage technique was developed from the twig nursery,cutting to post management.
Chinese tuliptree has not inherent root primordia,which make its cut twigs difficult to survive.In order to increase cutting survival rate,systematic tests and studies were undertaken on mother tree age,twig age,cuttage base material,cuttage season,rooting characters,and post management.The cuttage with twigs having the top and buds could reach 91.4% in survival rate in comparison with 80% of the conventional cuttage.Therefore we built a twig nursery.A simple efficient cuttage technique was developed from the twig nursery,cutting to post management.
2006, 19(3): 376-378.
Abstract:
The study was carried out to test the variations of different regionas and individual trees in crude protein content and amino acid composition of hickory(Carya cathayensis) kernel based on 61 plus trees from 4 areas(Lin'an,Chun'an,Anji and Ningguo).The results showed that the crude protein content was 113.0 mg·g-1 with the variation coefficient of 9.73%;The variance analysis indicated that the variations between regions in crude protein contents were significant,and the broad-sense heritability(H2) was 0.342 9.The hickory kernel contained 17 kinds of amino acids,including seven kinds of essential amino acids,which took 33.07% of the total amino acid contents.The variation coefficients of total amino acids and seven essential amino acids contents were large,and that of methionine was the largest,reaching to 64.9%.These demonstrated that the selection of superior hickory strains was genetically possible.
The study was carried out to test the variations of different regionas and individual trees in crude protein content and amino acid composition of hickory(Carya cathayensis) kernel based on 61 plus trees from 4 areas(Lin'an,Chun'an,Anji and Ningguo).The results showed that the crude protein content was 113.0 mg·g-1 with the variation coefficient of 9.73%;The variance analysis indicated that the variations between regions in crude protein contents were significant,and the broad-sense heritability(H2) was 0.342 9.The hickory kernel contained 17 kinds of amino acids,including seven kinds of essential amino acids,which took 33.07% of the total amino acid contents.The variation coefficients of total amino acids and seven essential amino acids contents were large,and that of methionine was the largest,reaching to 64.9%.These demonstrated that the selection of superior hickory strains was genetically possible.
2006, 19(3): 379-384.
Abstract:
Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don is an indigenous hardwood species in tropical and warm subtropical zones in China.It is of great ecological and economic value,and is the most popular native hardwood species in these zones with plantation area more than fifty thousand hectare up to date.Here previous studies on B.alnoides are reviewed at aspects of biological and ecological properties,cultivation techniques,collection,conservation and utilization of genetic resources,and ecological benefits of plantations of this species.The common problems in the proceeding of its plantation development are also assessed.Priority is pointed out for further researches on this species.The aim is to accelerate researches on B.alnoides for sustainable development of its plantations.
Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don is an indigenous hardwood species in tropical and warm subtropical zones in China.It is of great ecological and economic value,and is the most popular native hardwood species in these zones with plantation area more than fifty thousand hectare up to date.Here previous studies on B.alnoides are reviewed at aspects of biological and ecological properties,cultivation techniques,collection,conservation and utilization of genetic resources,and ecological benefits of plantations of this species.The common problems in the proceeding of its plantation development are also assessed.Priority is pointed out for further researches on this species.The aim is to accelerate researches on B.alnoides for sustainable development of its plantations.
2006, 19(3): 385-390.
Abstract:
Transect research in the condition of global change is being a focus of IGBP in recent years.On the basis of transect theories,the region from latitude 25°N to latitude 35°N along the Yangtze Valley was firstly defined as West-East Transect of Southern China(WETSC)and the construction and layout pattern of forest ecosystem research station in the area of WESTC was put forward in this paper.Based on the foreign advanced theories of from station to site in the long-term ecosystem research,the small transect as following Jiulianshan-Jinggangshan-Dagangshan-Lushan from transitional region of south subtropical zone and mid-subtropical zone along Ganjiang river valley in Jiangxi Province would be set up.Then the small transect foundation of Mts.Altay-the Ergis River-the Junggar Basin-Tianshan Mountains from North to South in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was discussed.At last,on the basis of forest ecosystem services,the triangle transect of Guangzhou-Panyu-Zhongshan-Zhuhai-Macao and Guangzhou-Dongguan-Shenzhen-Hong Kong in the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province was illustrated.
Transect research in the condition of global change is being a focus of IGBP in recent years.On the basis of transect theories,the region from latitude 25°N to latitude 35°N along the Yangtze Valley was firstly defined as West-East Transect of Southern China(WETSC)and the construction and layout pattern of forest ecosystem research station in the area of WESTC was put forward in this paper.Based on the foreign advanced theories of from station to site in the long-term ecosystem research,the small transect as following Jiulianshan-Jinggangshan-Dagangshan-Lushan from transitional region of south subtropical zone and mid-subtropical zone along Ganjiang river valley in Jiangxi Province would be set up.Then the small transect foundation of Mts.Altay-the Ergis River-the Junggar Basin-Tianshan Mountains from North to South in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was discussed.At last,on the basis of forest ecosystem services,the triangle transect of Guangzhou-Panyu-Zhongshan-Zhuhai-Macao and Guangzhou-Dongguan-Shenzhen-Hong Kong in the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province was illustrated.
2006, 19(3): 391-394.
Abstract:
The white rust,caused by Puccinia horiana was one of the most important epidemic diseases on Chrysanthemum,and also was a quarantine action pest in the world.Trials determined the teliospores germinating biology of P.horiana : the teliospores were germinated between 4 ℃ and 32 ℃,while the optimum temperature range was 15 ℃ to 24 ℃,especially between 18 ℃ and 21 ℃.Water was necessary for the teliospores germination.Without free water,it couldn't germinate in 24 h,even with 100 % R.H.The propriety of pH for germination was pH 4 to 6.5, while pH 6 was the most favorite.2 % glucose solution promoted the germination of the teliospores evidently,whereas the fresh juice of chrysanthemum foliages restrained it prominently.Light didn't influence on the germination.
The white rust,caused by Puccinia horiana was one of the most important epidemic diseases on Chrysanthemum,and also was a quarantine action pest in the world.Trials determined the teliospores germinating biology of P.horiana : the teliospores were germinated between 4 ℃ and 32 ℃,while the optimum temperature range was 15 ℃ to 24 ℃,especially between 18 ℃ and 21 ℃.Water was necessary for the teliospores germination.Without free water,it couldn't germinate in 24 h,even with 100 % R.H.The propriety of pH for germination was pH 4 to 6.5, while pH 6 was the most favorite.2 % glucose solution promoted the germination of the teliospores evidently,whereas the fresh juice of chrysanthemum foliages restrained it prominently.Light didn't influence on the germination.
2006, 19(3): 395-399.
Abstract:
At present,the progress of the study and application of forest plant disease was impeded by the lack of the internet resources of research achievements and control methods of forest plants disease.So a forest plant disease information manage system based on internet were needed.Chinese forest plant disease information website was established on the basis of HTML,ASP,Javascript and Microsoft Access 2000.The sources of the database were Chinese forest plant disease occurred severely in recent decades and the forest plant disease specimen of Chinese Academy of Forestry.The website was divided into six basic function modules,including the home page,the research group information,the guestbook,the forest plant disease information management system,the forest plant disease specimen management system and the forest plant disease diagnose system.The forest plant disease information could be easily queried and browsed through supported fields with these function modules.Meanwhile,the discussions about forest plant disease could be done with the guestbook or BBS.The information and achievements of the research group were also showed through the website.
At present,the progress of the study and application of forest plant disease was impeded by the lack of the internet resources of research achievements and control methods of forest plants disease.So a forest plant disease information manage system based on internet were needed.Chinese forest plant disease information website was established on the basis of HTML,ASP,Javascript and Microsoft Access 2000.The sources of the database were Chinese forest plant disease occurred severely in recent decades and the forest plant disease specimen of Chinese Academy of Forestry.The website was divided into six basic function modules,including the home page,the research group information,the guestbook,the forest plant disease information management system,the forest plant disease specimen management system and the forest plant disease diagnose system.The forest plant disease information could be easily queried and browsed through supported fields with these function modules.Meanwhile,the discussions about forest plant disease could be done with the guestbook or BBS.The information and achievements of the research group were also showed through the website.
2006, 19(3): 400-403.
Abstract:
Soil microbial features on Chai-He Zinc-lead Mine wasteland and non-mine soils were studied.The results showed that soil micoflora changed obviously and total of major soil microbes declined.The amount of microbe decreased by 83.03 %～93.65 % in top soil(0～20 cm) compared with that of the non-mine soils.Mine soils possessed obviously different microbial features higher in microbial basal respiration strength,and microbial ecophysiological Cmic/Corg and qCO2,but lower in micobial biomass compared with the control.All of these might lead to the impairment of turnover and cycle velocity of C,N nutrition element in mine-soils.It's one major problem which should be solved in the procession of reclaimed mine-soil.
Soil microbial features on Chai-He Zinc-lead Mine wasteland and non-mine soils were studied.The results showed that soil micoflora changed obviously and total of major soil microbes declined.The amount of microbe decreased by 83.03 %～93.65 % in top soil(0～20 cm) compared with that of the non-mine soils.Mine soils possessed obviously different microbial features higher in microbial basal respiration strength,and microbial ecophysiological Cmic/Corg and qCO2,but lower in micobial biomass compared with the control.All of these might lead to the impairment of turnover and cycle velocity of C,N nutrition element in mine-soils.It's one major problem which should be solved in the procession of reclaimed mine-soil.
2006, 19(3): 404-407.
Abstract:
10 Betula luminifera trees were chosen from biennial forest as test material in Zhentou Forestry Station,Jixi County,Anhui Province,from March to October in 2004.Every 10 days from March 10 on the indexes of growing characteristics were investigated,such as the leading shoot,the length of side shoot and thick degree,etc.The results showed the growth rhythm,lots of leaves forming in the middle of March,flower blooming at the last ten days of March and the first ten days of April,the fruit becoming mature in May,leaves falling in the first ten days of November.During one year's growing period,both the leading shoot and diameter breast height of B.luminifera had three obviously living period,appearing respectively from the beginning of May to the last ten days of May,from the last ten days of June to the middle of July and from the middle of August to the beginning of September,among them the increment in the second period was the largest,the third was the least one.The increment in the 3 periods took the main proportion of the whole year.This paper purposed to put forward effective feasible technological measure for nurturing management of young stand.
10 Betula luminifera trees were chosen from biennial forest as test material in Zhentou Forestry Station,Jixi County,Anhui Province,from March to October in 2004.Every 10 days from March 10 on the indexes of growing characteristics were investigated,such as the leading shoot,the length of side shoot and thick degree,etc.The results showed the growth rhythm,lots of leaves forming in the middle of March,flower blooming at the last ten days of March and the first ten days of April,the fruit becoming mature in May,leaves falling in the first ten days of November.During one year's growing period,both the leading shoot and diameter breast height of B.luminifera had three obviously living period,appearing respectively from the beginning of May to the last ten days of May,from the last ten days of June to the middle of July and from the middle of August to the beginning of September,among them the increment in the second period was the largest,the third was the least one.The increment in the 3 periods took the main proportion of the whole year.This paper purposed to put forward effective feasible technological measure for nurturing management of young stand.
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