2010 Vol. 23, No. 4
Display Method:
2010, 23(4): 481-486.
[Abstract]
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Abstract:
A new method for establishing Richards polymorphic site index model was developed. And the Cunninghamia lanceolata was taken as an example. Data from stem analysis of 164 trees were used. It shows that the Richards polymorphic site index model can be directly derived by using the difference equation. This model has no systematic error when the base-age(T) is relatively low (T=4), therefore, be selected as the final model, and its parameter values are close to the parameter values of the guide curve. So parameters of this model were replaced by the parameters of guide curve. The five indicators: mean absolute error(MAE), mean relative error(MRE), root mean squared error(RMSE), coefficient of determination(R2) and adjusted coefficient of determination(R2adj) were selected to analysis the validity of this parameters replacement. The results showed that they were almost identical among the various indicators before and after replacement. Hence, the method for using the parameters of guide curve to directly replace the parameters of polymorphic curve model is feasible. This result provides a possibility for the site quality evaluation by using the investigation data of age-height about temporary sample plot or interval data without site index table in advance. And it also provides a method for establishing polymorphic site index model directly through the guide curve.
A new method for establishing Richards polymorphic site index model was developed. And the Cunninghamia lanceolata was taken as an example. Data from stem analysis of 164 trees were used. It shows that the Richards polymorphic site index model can be directly derived by using the difference equation. This model has no systematic error when the base-age(T) is relatively low (T=4), therefore, be selected as the final model, and its parameter values are close to the parameter values of the guide curve. So parameters of this model were replaced by the parameters of guide curve. The five indicators: mean absolute error(MAE), mean relative error(MRE), root mean squared error(RMSE), coefficient of determination(R2) and adjusted coefficient of determination(R2adj) were selected to analysis the validity of this parameters replacement. The results showed that they were almost identical among the various indicators before and after replacement. Hence, the method for using the parameters of guide curve to directly replace the parameters of polymorphic curve model is feasible. This result provides a possibility for the site quality evaluation by using the investigation data of age-height about temporary sample plot or interval data without site index table in advance. And it also provides a method for establishing polymorphic site index model directly through the guide curve.
2010, 23(4): 487-492.
Abstract:
In this study, the stand parameters, species, and structurs of Paeonia ludlowii were investigated on nine plots (20 m×20 m).Their community types were classified by TWINSPAN and the relationship between Paeonia ludlowii and community features were analyzed. The results showed that the plant community was classified into tree community and shrub community by TWINSPAN. The community mean DBH(diameter at breast height), mean height, and basal areas were higher in the tree community than in the shrub community, however,the abundance was lower in the tree community than in the shrub community, and the two community types had no significant difference in crown density, elevation, and slope. The species richness was higher in the tree community than in the shrub community, and no significant difference were found in shrub, liana, and herb species richness. It was found that the tree community had higher abundance of P. ludlowii than the shrub community, however, no significant difference were found in two communities about mean DBH and mean height of P. ludlowii. The correlation between community characteristics and P.ludlowii was analyzed and it showed that the abundance and mean DBH of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with community abundance and shrub abundance respectively, and negatively correlated with tree species richness respectively. The abundance of P. ludlowii was negatively correlated with tree abundance, the mean DBH of P. ludlowii was negatively correlated with community mean height, and the mean DBH and mean height of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with liana species richness. The variables with correlation could be represented by different regression equations. It also found that crown-area, height, clump and seedling stems of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with crown-area of thicket, the two community types had no significant difference in seedling stems of P. ludlowii.
In this study, the stand parameters, species, and structurs of Paeonia ludlowii were investigated on nine plots (20 m×20 m).Their community types were classified by TWINSPAN and the relationship between Paeonia ludlowii and community features were analyzed. The results showed that the plant community was classified into tree community and shrub community by TWINSPAN. The community mean DBH(diameter at breast height), mean height, and basal areas were higher in the tree community than in the shrub community, however,the abundance was lower in the tree community than in the shrub community, and the two community types had no significant difference in crown density, elevation, and slope. The species richness was higher in the tree community than in the shrub community, and no significant difference were found in shrub, liana, and herb species richness. It was found that the tree community had higher abundance of P. ludlowii than the shrub community, however, no significant difference were found in two communities about mean DBH and mean height of P. ludlowii. The correlation between community characteristics and P.ludlowii was analyzed and it showed that the abundance and mean DBH of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with community abundance and shrub abundance respectively, and negatively correlated with tree species richness respectively. The abundance of P. ludlowii was negatively correlated with tree abundance, the mean DBH of P. ludlowii was negatively correlated with community mean height, and the mean DBH and mean height of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with liana species richness. The variables with correlation could be represented by different regression equations. It also found that crown-area, height, clump and seedling stems of P. ludlowii were positively correlated with crown-area of thicket, the two community types had no significant difference in seedling stems of P. ludlowii.
2010, 23(4): 493-499.
Abstract:
The full-length cDNA sequence of Ginkgo biloba L. Catalase1 gene was isolated from G. biloba. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that GbCAT1 shared the same ancestor with other CAT. The result of Southern analysis showed that GbCAT1 gene was encoded by a small gene family in G. biloba. The expression analysis by RT-PCR showed that GbCAT1 expressed in a tissue-specific manner in G. biloba. GbCAT1 was also found to be up-regulated by the four tested abiotic stress, abscisic acid, osmotic stress, low temperature, and thermal injury. The expression of GbCAT1 was regulated to reduce by salicylic acid. These results indicate that the CAT1 has the potential to play a role in response to environmental stresses.
The full-length cDNA sequence of Ginkgo biloba L. Catalase1 gene was isolated from G. biloba. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that GbCAT1 shared the same ancestor with other CAT. The result of Southern analysis showed that GbCAT1 gene was encoded by a small gene family in G. biloba. The expression analysis by RT-PCR showed that GbCAT1 expressed in a tissue-specific manner in G. biloba. GbCAT1 was also found to be up-regulated by the four tested abiotic stress, abscisic acid, osmotic stress, low temperature, and thermal injury. The expression of GbCAT1 was regulated to reduce by salicylic acid. These results indicate that the CAT1 has the potential to play a role in response to environmental stresses.
2010, 23(4): 500-504.
Abstract:
Current situation and problems are analyzed concerning the national key ecological project of returning farmland to forest. On the basis of analysis above, methods are proposed on application of "3S" technology(RS,GIS and GPS) in the project of returning farmland to forest. By using the high resolution remote sensing imagery in the conversion farmland back to forest, the research contents related to five major aspects of the ecological project are as follows: positioning the farmland and measuring its area, categorizing and accepting the farmland, checking planting density, checking survival rate in new afforestation. Tree crown are mapped by using object-oriented image analysis, a program was developed to acquire tree crown factors. An attempt has been made to improve monitoring effect in the project of returning farmland to forest. The results indicated that the methods could be of some valuable in the ecological project.
Current situation and problems are analyzed concerning the national key ecological project of returning farmland to forest. On the basis of analysis above, methods are proposed on application of "3S" technology(RS,GIS and GPS) in the project of returning farmland to forest. By using the high resolution remote sensing imagery in the conversion farmland back to forest, the research contents related to five major aspects of the ecological project are as follows: positioning the farmland and measuring its area, categorizing and accepting the farmland, checking planting density, checking survival rate in new afforestation. Tree crown are mapped by using object-oriented image analysis, a program was developed to acquire tree crown factors. An attempt has been made to improve monitoring effect in the project of returning farmland to forest. The results indicated that the methods could be of some valuable in the ecological project.
2010, 23(4): 505-509.
Abstract:
An experiment with factorial design was conducted to investigate the effects of substrate composition, slow release fertilizers, and container size on seedling growth and quality of Schima superba. The seedling height and ground diameter were promoted by high peat percent in substrate, whereas the root:shoot ratio (RSR) was reduced. The application of 2.5 kg·m-3 slow release fertilizers had little effect on the above-ground part of plants and the RSR. In contrast, the root growth was inhibited with the increased amount of slow release fertilizers. The plant height and ground diameter were promoted and the RSR decreased by larger container size. Based on the seedlings quality and cost, the optimal regime may be substrate composition with peat∶ bran=7∶ 3, 2.5 kg·m-3 of slow release fertilizers, combined with container of 5.5 cm×10 cm dimensions. The statistical analysis revealed that quality of container seedlings was affected by substrate composition, slow release fertilizers, as well as container size. The interactions were also found among the three main effects, thus it is possible to properly adjust the application of slow release fertilizers and container size according to the substrate composition so as to produce low cost and high quality container seedlings.
An experiment with factorial design was conducted to investigate the effects of substrate composition, slow release fertilizers, and container size on seedling growth and quality of Schima superba. The seedling height and ground diameter were promoted by high peat percent in substrate, whereas the root:shoot ratio (RSR) was reduced. The application of 2.5 kg·m-3 slow release fertilizers had little effect on the above-ground part of plants and the RSR. In contrast, the root growth was inhibited with the increased amount of slow release fertilizers. The plant height and ground diameter were promoted and the RSR decreased by larger container size. Based on the seedlings quality and cost, the optimal regime may be substrate composition with peat∶ bran=7∶ 3, 2.5 kg·m-3 of slow release fertilizers, combined with container of 5.5 cm×10 cm dimensions. The statistical analysis revealed that quality of container seedlings was affected by substrate composition, slow release fertilizers, as well as container size. The interactions were also found among the three main effects, thus it is possible to properly adjust the application of slow release fertilizers and container size according to the substrate composition so as to produce low cost and high quality container seedlings.
2010, 23(4): 510-514.
Abstract:
Potassium loss characteristics in runoff in Pinus caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover in Foshan were studied to understand the effect of litterfall on K loss of runoff. Annual runoff amounts of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 12.6 mm and 51.8 mm, respectively, occurring mainly in summer. Runoff coefficients of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 0.60% and 2.48%, respectively, indicating the former was good at reducing runoff. The relationship between rainfall and runoff could be expressed using a binomial equation. Monthly K concentration of P.caribaea stand with litterfall cover ranged from 3.2 to 36.3 mg·kg-1, whereas that of P.caribaea stand without litterfall cover ranged from 1.8 to 6.0 mg·kg-1. Annual K losses of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 701 and 982 g·hm-2, respectively. A distinct seasonal pattern of K loss was observed at May and June, 2008 for P.caribaea stand with litterfall cover and at June, 2008 for P.caribaea stand without litterfall cover. Annual K losses were mainly decided by the amount of runoff. A logarithmic relationship existed between K concentration in runoff and the runoff.
Potassium loss characteristics in runoff in Pinus caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover in Foshan were studied to understand the effect of litterfall on K loss of runoff. Annual runoff amounts of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 12.6 mm and 51.8 mm, respectively, occurring mainly in summer. Runoff coefficients of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 0.60% and 2.48%, respectively, indicating the former was good at reducing runoff. The relationship between rainfall and runoff could be expressed using a binomial equation. Monthly K concentration of P.caribaea stand with litterfall cover ranged from 3.2 to 36.3 mg·kg-1, whereas that of P.caribaea stand without litterfall cover ranged from 1.8 to 6.0 mg·kg-1. Annual K losses of P.caribaea stands with and without litterfall cover were 701 and 982 g·hm-2, respectively. A distinct seasonal pattern of K loss was observed at May and June, 2008 for P.caribaea stand with litterfall cover and at June, 2008 for P.caribaea stand without litterfall cover. Annual K losses were mainly decided by the amount of runoff. A logarithmic relationship existed between K concentration in runoff and the runoff.
2010, 23(4): 515-522.
Abstract:
Community structures and species diversity in natural and man-made Pinus yunnanensis forests in central Yunnan were investigated. The results showed that, fewer interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest had the most stable and reasonable community structures, populations of the dominant species of tree stratum had the strongest ability in naturally regenerating and succession potential, and also the species diversity and habitat diversity were the most abundant. The features of fewer interferential natural forest described above were all superior to that of the more interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest; and more interferential natural forest preceded forest plantation. The more the interference (both natural and artificial) increased during the originating process of the forests, the more the community stability, biodiversity, harmonious and balanced capacity and renewing capacity declined. However, the distribution range and quantum of the invasive species Ageratina adenophora increased in accompany with the increases of artificial interference, this perhaps indicated that Ageratina adenophora could be the bio-indicator of evaluating forest biodiversity, interference extent and forest health.
Community structures and species diversity in natural and man-made Pinus yunnanensis forests in central Yunnan were investigated. The results showed that, fewer interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest had the most stable and reasonable community structures, populations of the dominant species of tree stratum had the strongest ability in naturally regenerating and succession potential, and also the species diversity and habitat diversity were the most abundant. The features of fewer interferential natural forest described above were all superior to that of the more interferential natural Pinus yunnanensis forest; and more interferential natural forest preceded forest plantation. The more the interference (both natural and artificial) increased during the originating process of the forests, the more the community stability, biodiversity, harmonious and balanced capacity and renewing capacity declined. However, the distribution range and quantum of the invasive species Ageratina adenophora increased in accompany with the increases of artificial interference, this perhaps indicated that Ageratina adenophora could be the bio-indicator of evaluating forest biodiversity, interference extent and forest health.
2010, 23(4): 523-529.
Abstract:
Data of the hotspots in 2005—2007 and related information were provided by Forest Fire Monitoring Center of State Forestry Administration. Each component index of Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) system was calculated base on the daily observation data of thirty-four weather stations in the key research areas. The results showed the hotspots in 2005—2007 were mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi and south-western Guizhou, in which 44.6 percent of the hotspots might be caused by wildfires. The fires occurred in grassland, scrubland, forest and the other lands, which included prescribed burning. A large number of fires used for agriculture distributed in southwestern and southern Yunnan Province, which accounted for 30.1 percent of all hotspots. Fire occurred mainly in the period of November to May, in which the fires in January to May accounted for 77.6 percent of all hotspots in southwestern China. Forest fires mainly occurred in eastern and northwestern Yunnan, southeastern Guizhou and most parts of Guangxi. The number of hotspots was closely related to the changes of humus moisture code (DMC) and drought code (DC) of the region. In fire seasons, there were high DMC and DC values and much more hotspots and wildfires. There was a significant correlation between FWI value and the number of hotspots, which indicated that FWI system could be applied to the southwestern China. Component indexes of FWI system were good indicators for the fires danger rating. Based on FWI system component indexes of the kew research area, the paper defined the forest fire danger rating and their corresponding threshold of all component indexes. FWI ranges for low, moderate, high, very high, and extreme fire danger classes were created as follows: 0 - 1.2,1.3 - 5.0,5.1 - 12.0,12.1 - 25.0,25.1+. And the number of days with each fire danger rating class accounted for separately 41.0%, 23.6%, 21.8%, 11.2% and 2.4% respectively. To strengthen the fire sources management was an important and effective measure to reduce forest fires, since there were lots of man-made fire source and fires for agricultural use.
Data of the hotspots in 2005—2007 and related information were provided by Forest Fire Monitoring Center of State Forestry Administration. Each component index of Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) system was calculated base on the daily observation data of thirty-four weather stations in the key research areas. The results showed the hotspots in 2005—2007 were mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi and south-western Guizhou, in which 44.6 percent of the hotspots might be caused by wildfires. The fires occurred in grassland, scrubland, forest and the other lands, which included prescribed burning. A large number of fires used for agriculture distributed in southwestern and southern Yunnan Province, which accounted for 30.1 percent of all hotspots. Fire occurred mainly in the period of November to May, in which the fires in January to May accounted for 77.6 percent of all hotspots in southwestern China. Forest fires mainly occurred in eastern and northwestern Yunnan, southeastern Guizhou and most parts of Guangxi. The number of hotspots was closely related to the changes of humus moisture code (DMC) and drought code (DC) of the region. In fire seasons, there were high DMC and DC values and much more hotspots and wildfires. There was a significant correlation between FWI value and the number of hotspots, which indicated that FWI system could be applied to the southwestern China. Component indexes of FWI system were good indicators for the fires danger rating. Based on FWI system component indexes of the kew research area, the paper defined the forest fire danger rating and their corresponding threshold of all component indexes. FWI ranges for low, moderate, high, very high, and extreme fire danger classes were created as follows: 0 - 1.2,1.3 - 5.0,5.1 - 12.0,12.1 - 25.0,25.1+. And the number of days with each fire danger rating class accounted for separately 41.0%, 23.6%, 21.8%, 11.2% and 2.4% respectively. To strengthen the fire sources management was an important and effective measure to reduce forest fires, since there were lots of man-made fire source and fires for agricultural use.
2010, 23(4): 530-536.
Abstract:
In order to identify the resistance abilities of woody Legume Rhizobium, 9 strains isolated from roots nodules of different legume plants in the Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, Hainan Province, were preliminary studied. Results show that the optimal pH and NaCl concentration for growth are respectively 7 and 10.0 g·kg-1 for all the 9 isolates, but the temperatures are varied, the optimal growth temperature for CAF224 is 37 ℃, for CAF416, CAF438 and CAF279 is between 20-28 ℃, and for the other 5 strains is 28 ℃. All the 9 isolates can grow under pH 4-11, 20.0 g·kg-1 NaCl, and at 37 ℃, of which the isolates CAF224 and CAF276 could tolerate pH 3, while CAF226 could grow at 40.0 g·kg-1 NaCl; CAF276 could survive the high temperature of 50 ℃ for 20 min. and 60 ℃ for 10 min. The Rhizobium strains from different hosts and under different ecological conditions demonstrate different adversity resistances. 4 strains have higher resistances, which are CAF226, CAF276, CAF224 and CAF414. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequences reveals that the 9 strains gather a cluster with Rhizobium tropici Clone H12 (GenBank EF054889) with a similarity of 99.4%. The 9 strains presented here are tentatively identified as Rhizobium tropici Martinez-Romero et al.
In order to identify the resistance abilities of woody Legume Rhizobium, 9 strains isolated from roots nodules of different legume plants in the Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, Hainan Province, were preliminary studied. Results show that the optimal pH and NaCl concentration for growth are respectively 7 and 10.0 g·kg-1 for all the 9 isolates, but the temperatures are varied, the optimal growth temperature for CAF224 is 37 ℃, for CAF416, CAF438 and CAF279 is between 20-28 ℃, and for the other 5 strains is 28 ℃. All the 9 isolates can grow under pH 4-11, 20.0 g·kg-1 NaCl, and at 37 ℃, of which the isolates CAF224 and CAF276 could tolerate pH 3, while CAF226 could grow at 40.0 g·kg-1 NaCl; CAF276 could survive the high temperature of 50 ℃ for 20 min. and 60 ℃ for 10 min. The Rhizobium strains from different hosts and under different ecological conditions demonstrate different adversity resistances. 4 strains have higher resistances, which are CAF226, CAF276, CAF224 and CAF414. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequences reveals that the 9 strains gather a cluster with Rhizobium tropici Clone H12 (GenBank EF054889) with a similarity of 99.4%. The 9 strains presented here are tentatively identified as Rhizobium tropici Martinez-Romero et al.
2010, 23(4): 537-543.
Abstract:
The leaf chlorophyll contents, the daily dynamic of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and major affecting factors were determined of three clones of Catalpa bungei under salt stress.The results showed that Chla, Chlb and Chlt contents decreased under salt stress and significant differences were found of Chla, Chlb and Chlt among 3 clones of C. bungei.The ratios of Chla/Chlb increased with the increasing of salt concentration, and significant differences were found in different treatments of 02-2-5 and 07-1.The maximum of Pn (Pmax) appeared at 8:00 in all treatments of 3 clones, with the sequence of 02-2-5>YQ1>07-1,and significant differences were found in 3 clones.Pn was also decreased with the increasing of salt concentration, and the sequence of decrement was 07-1>YQ1>02-2-5.Stepwise multiple-regression and path coefficient analysis indicated that the major affecting factor of Pn were Ci, leaf temperature (Tl) and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) in clones of 02-2-5 and YQ1, but Gs and Ci in 07-1.Based on the variations of leaf chlorophyll contents and Pn among 3 clones under salt stress, 02-2-5 had the highest salt tolerance, followed by YQ1, and 07-1.
The leaf chlorophyll contents, the daily dynamic of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and major affecting factors were determined of three clones of Catalpa bungei under salt stress.The results showed that Chla, Chlb and Chlt contents decreased under salt stress and significant differences were found of Chla, Chlb and Chlt among 3 clones of C. bungei.The ratios of Chla/Chlb increased with the increasing of salt concentration, and significant differences were found in different treatments of 02-2-5 and 07-1.The maximum of Pn (Pmax) appeared at 8:00 in all treatments of 3 clones, with the sequence of 02-2-5>YQ1>07-1,and significant differences were found in 3 clones.Pn was also decreased with the increasing of salt concentration, and the sequence of decrement was 07-1>YQ1>02-2-5.Stepwise multiple-regression and path coefficient analysis indicated that the major affecting factor of Pn were Ci, leaf temperature (Tl) and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) in clones of 02-2-5 and YQ1, but Gs and Ci in 07-1.Based on the variations of leaf chlorophyll contents and Pn among 3 clones under salt stress, 02-2-5 had the highest salt tolerance, followed by YQ1, and 07-1.
2010, 23(4): 544-553.
Abstract:
Using the data of forest resources inventory at Huoditang forest region in the Qinling Mountains in 1958, 1988 and 2004, GIS techniques and quantitative analysis of landscape were adopted to study the landscape types, feature, dynamic of patterns and the influence of human interferences on the landscape patterns during the three periods. The results showed that the landscape biodiversity and species richness increased by intensified external interferences and the types of secondary landscape were more than those of primary ones. The landscape types degenerated or disappeared after serious artificial disturbances, while the extents of some landscape types increased or appeared. Forest cutting made the patch fractal index decreasing and the patch shape becoming regular. But with the forest vegetation restoration at Huoditang forest region, the patch shape of various landscapes became irregular, and landscape heterogeneity started to increase. This reflects the influence of external interference to the forest landscape pattern and the dynamic process of forest independent recovery.
Using the data of forest resources inventory at Huoditang forest region in the Qinling Mountains in 1958, 1988 and 2004, GIS techniques and quantitative analysis of landscape were adopted to study the landscape types, feature, dynamic of patterns and the influence of human interferences on the landscape patterns during the three periods. The results showed that the landscape biodiversity and species richness increased by intensified external interferences and the types of secondary landscape were more than those of primary ones. The landscape types degenerated or disappeared after serious artificial disturbances, while the extents of some landscape types increased or appeared. Forest cutting made the patch fractal index decreasing and the patch shape becoming regular. But with the forest vegetation restoration at Huoditang forest region, the patch shape of various landscapes became irregular, and landscape heterogeneity started to increase. This reflects the influence of external interference to the forest landscape pattern and the dynamic process of forest independent recovery.
2010, 23(4): 554-559.
Abstract:
The litters and soil physical characteristics of the forest site damaged to certain extents by Hylobitelus xiaoi were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the thickness of litterfall had the most effects on the damage of H. xiaoi, followed by the dry weight of litterfall and the soil weight, and the moisture content rate and water absorbing rate of litterfall had the least effects. That meant that the H. xiaoi damaged more heavily at the sites with thicker litterfall layers, more litterfall amounts and higher soil moisture content. Single factor analysis indicated that the thickness and dry weight of litterfall and soil moisture content were obviously correlated with the rate of insect-attacked tree. The rate of insect-attacked tree in Pinus taeda and P. massoniana plantations were significantly lower than that in P. elliottii plantations. Compared with no-attacked forest site, the insect-attacked sites had higher soil moisture, better water-holding capacity, higher porosity and less gravels.
The litters and soil physical characteristics of the forest site damaged to certain extents by Hylobitelus xiaoi were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the thickness of litterfall had the most effects on the damage of H. xiaoi, followed by the dry weight of litterfall and the soil weight, and the moisture content rate and water absorbing rate of litterfall had the least effects. That meant that the H. xiaoi damaged more heavily at the sites with thicker litterfall layers, more litterfall amounts and higher soil moisture content. Single factor analysis indicated that the thickness and dry weight of litterfall and soil moisture content were obviously correlated with the rate of insect-attacked tree. The rate of insect-attacked tree in Pinus taeda and P. massoniana plantations were significantly lower than that in P. elliottii plantations. Compared with no-attacked forest site, the insect-attacked sites had higher soil moisture, better water-holding capacity, higher porosity and less gravels.
2010, 23(4): 560-566.
Abstract:
To explore the soil microbial flora and their seasonal changes on different forest types of Pinus massoniana,the cultivable bacteria, Bacillus spp. and fungi in the soil of near-matured forest, middle-aged forest and plantation in Yunyang County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were analyzed. The results showed that the species of dominant populations and quantities of soil microbial in forest land soil were different following seasons vary and forest types. The quantities of bacteria in middle-aged forest was significantly higher than that in near-matured forest and plantation, and it changed greatly as seasons change, while the change in near-matured forest and plantation were relatively gentle. The dominant species of bacteria in forest land soil were mainly Bacillus spp.,Pseudomonas spp. and especially Bacillus cereus. The dominant bacterial population was the highest in the winter (near-matured forest> plantation> middle-aged forest), the dominant species in near-matured forest was Bacillus, accounting for 39.74%; that in plantation was Pseudomonas spp., 37.26%; that in middle-aged forest was Bacillus cereus, 24.91%. In the soil of the three types of forest land in different seasons, Bacillus cereus (20% to 49%) and one of the species (unidentification) of Bacillaceae were the dominant species. The dominant fungi species in the soil of the three forest types had the highest proportion in the autumn, and followed the order of plantation> near-matured forest > middle-aged forest; the dominant population and the percentage took in plantation, near-matured forest and middle-aged forest were respectively Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 33.08%, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 31.7%, Penicillium waksmanii, 25.15%.
To explore the soil microbial flora and their seasonal changes on different forest types of Pinus massoniana,the cultivable bacteria, Bacillus spp. and fungi in the soil of near-matured forest, middle-aged forest and plantation in Yunyang County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were analyzed. The results showed that the species of dominant populations and quantities of soil microbial in forest land soil were different following seasons vary and forest types. The quantities of bacteria in middle-aged forest was significantly higher than that in near-matured forest and plantation, and it changed greatly as seasons change, while the change in near-matured forest and plantation were relatively gentle. The dominant species of bacteria in forest land soil were mainly Bacillus spp.,Pseudomonas spp. and especially Bacillus cereus. The dominant bacterial population was the highest in the winter (near-matured forest> plantation> middle-aged forest), the dominant species in near-matured forest was Bacillus, accounting for 39.74%; that in plantation was Pseudomonas spp., 37.26%; that in middle-aged forest was Bacillus cereus, 24.91%. In the soil of the three types of forest land in different seasons, Bacillus cereus (20% to 49%) and one of the species (unidentification) of Bacillaceae were the dominant species. The dominant fungi species in the soil of the three forest types had the highest proportion in the autumn, and followed the order of plantation> near-matured forest > middle-aged forest; the dominant population and the percentage took in plantation, near-matured forest and middle-aged forest were respectively Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 33.08%, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, 31.7%, Penicillium waksmanii, 25.15%.
2010, 23(4): 567-573.
Abstract:
Water stress experiments on six Caryopteris mongholica provenances were conducted under three intensities selected by the provenance environments: mild, moderate and severe, of which the soil moisture were 80% - 85%, 45% - 50% and 15% - 20% of the field capacity respectively. The study of the photosynthetic and growth indices versus stress intensities shows that Caryopteris mongholica strengthens its adaptation to water stress with the reduction of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and maximum quantum efficiency of PSⅡ photochemistry, and the weakening of biomass accumulation and growth rate that are accompanied with a better water use efficiency and an increased Root/Shoot Ratio, and that the provenance of Inner Mongolia TUZUOQI (NT) is of the best physiological indices in water deficit. The differences in gas exchange, utilization efficiencies of water, CO2 and light, physiological responses of chlorophyll and its fluorescence, and growth performance of different provenances are identical to the mechanism of physiological adaptation to water stress.
Water stress experiments on six Caryopteris mongholica provenances were conducted under three intensities selected by the provenance environments: mild, moderate and severe, of which the soil moisture were 80% - 85%, 45% - 50% and 15% - 20% of the field capacity respectively. The study of the photosynthetic and growth indices versus stress intensities shows that Caryopteris mongholica strengthens its adaptation to water stress with the reduction of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and maximum quantum efficiency of PSⅡ photochemistry, and the weakening of biomass accumulation and growth rate that are accompanied with a better water use efficiency and an increased Root/Shoot Ratio, and that the provenance of Inner Mongolia TUZUOQI (NT) is of the best physiological indices in water deficit. The differences in gas exchange, utilization efficiencies of water, CO2 and light, physiological responses of chlorophyll and its fluorescence, and growth performance of different provenances are identical to the mechanism of physiological adaptation to water stress.
2010, 23(4): 574-580.
Abstract:
ITS sequence of Grifola frondosa strain qx2 was amplified and sequenced (GenBank accession number:GU584099), a phylogenetic analysis was performed on G. frondosa qx2 and its related white-rot fungi. The results showed that G. frondosa and G. sordulenta had the closest genetic relationship, and G. frondosa was closer to other several white-rot fungi. The strain was stilly cultured at 25 ℃ under 4 different kinds of LNAS (Low Nitrogen Asparagine Succinic acid) culture solution, the extracellular enzyme solutions were sampled at different interval, OD values of the solutions, representing manganese peroxidase (MnP), Laccase and lignin peroxidase (LiP) activities, were measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the oxidation of 2,6-DMP at 470 nm, ABTS at 420 nm and veratryl alcohol(VA) at 310 nm, the lignin-degrading enzymes of the fungus and the relationships between enzyme activities and medium composition and substrates were gained. Results indicated that G. frondosa could produce MnP and Laccase simultaneously, but no Lip. Substrates wood sawdust could slightly enhanced MnP and Laccase activities. The biggest MnP and Laccase activity were 2.96 U·L-1 and 4.49 U·L-1 when no substrates were added, and 8.06 U·L-1 and 9.85 U·L-1 when substrates added.
ITS sequence of Grifola frondosa strain qx2 was amplified and sequenced (GenBank accession number:GU584099), a phylogenetic analysis was performed on G. frondosa qx2 and its related white-rot fungi. The results showed that G. frondosa and G. sordulenta had the closest genetic relationship, and G. frondosa was closer to other several white-rot fungi. The strain was stilly cultured at 25 ℃ under 4 different kinds of LNAS (Low Nitrogen Asparagine Succinic acid) culture solution, the extracellular enzyme solutions were sampled at different interval, OD values of the solutions, representing manganese peroxidase (MnP), Laccase and lignin peroxidase (LiP) activities, were measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the oxidation of 2,6-DMP at 470 nm, ABTS at 420 nm and veratryl alcohol(VA) at 310 nm, the lignin-degrading enzymes of the fungus and the relationships between enzyme activities and medium composition and substrates were gained. Results indicated that G. frondosa could produce MnP and Laccase simultaneously, but no Lip. Substrates wood sawdust could slightly enhanced MnP and Laccase activities. The biggest MnP and Laccase activity were 2.96 U·L-1 and 4.49 U·L-1 when no substrates were added, and 8.06 U·L-1 and 9.85 U·L-1 when substrates added.
2010, 23(4): 581-585.
Abstract:
The paper studied the changes in bioelectrical indexes of Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea inoculated with three fungus strains isolated from infected C. coggygria var. cinerea, i.e. Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium sp. and Cylindrosporium sp., and the bioelectrical indexes, capacitance, impedance and conductivity, were tested by using the capacitance meter and electric conductivity instruments. The results indicated that the differences for the changes in bioelectrical indexes after inoculating with different fungus strains were significant,and the tree stem impedance, leaf exosmosis bioelectricity and exosmosis percentage increased gradually, while the tree stem capacitance decreased with the development of the process of infection. However, compared with inoculating with Fusarium sp., and Cylindrosporium sp., the ranges of changes in bioelectrical indexes of C. coggygria var. cinerea inoculated with V.dahliae, the main pathogens infecting C.coggygria var. cinerea, were larger, and also the changes of the tree stem impedance and tree stem capacitance showed more significant differences in 5 - 7 days after inoculation, which were 7 - 10 days earlier than the appearance of symptoms. There were evident differences between healthy and debility trees in stem impedance, tree stem capacitance and unit capacitance, and the stem impedance had more significant negative correlation with stem capacitance in infected C.coggygria var. cinerea.
The paper studied the changes in bioelectrical indexes of Cotinus coggygria var. cinerea inoculated with three fungus strains isolated from infected C. coggygria var. cinerea, i.e. Verticillium dahliae, Fusarium sp. and Cylindrosporium sp., and the bioelectrical indexes, capacitance, impedance and conductivity, were tested by using the capacitance meter and electric conductivity instruments. The results indicated that the differences for the changes in bioelectrical indexes after inoculating with different fungus strains were significant,and the tree stem impedance, leaf exosmosis bioelectricity and exosmosis percentage increased gradually, while the tree stem capacitance decreased with the development of the process of infection. However, compared with inoculating with Fusarium sp., and Cylindrosporium sp., the ranges of changes in bioelectrical indexes of C. coggygria var. cinerea inoculated with V.dahliae, the main pathogens infecting C.coggygria var. cinerea, were larger, and also the changes of the tree stem impedance and tree stem capacitance showed more significant differences in 5 - 7 days after inoculation, which were 7 - 10 days earlier than the appearance of symptoms. There were evident differences between healthy and debility trees in stem impedance, tree stem capacitance and unit capacitance, and the stem impedance had more significant negative correlation with stem capacitance in infected C.coggygria var. cinerea.
2010, 23(4): 586-591.
Abstract:
The concentration dynamics of trace element, pH, and soil organic matter in rhizosphere soil of young Phyllostachys edulis during bamboo forming stage were analyzed in Huangshan Public Forestry Farm. The result indicated that the pH value of the rhizosphere soil of one-year-old Ph. edulis was between 4.86 and 6.04, relatively suitable for bamboo’s growth. With the growth of young bamboo, the pH value took the form of parabola wholly, and reached the maximum in August, 6.03; the contents of Cu and organic matters reached the peak in June and July respectively, which were 38.77, and 0.67, the content of organic matters reached the minimum at the end of July, then increased slowly; and the contents of Zn, Fe, and Mn reached the peak in June, then presented a downward trend. Variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in the contents of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil of the one-year-old Phyllostachys edulis in October, which showed that the effects of micro-environment of rhizosphere on dissolution and absorption of trace elements was greater for rhizosphere soil than for non-rhizosphere soil.
The concentration dynamics of trace element, pH, and soil organic matter in rhizosphere soil of young Phyllostachys edulis during bamboo forming stage were analyzed in Huangshan Public Forestry Farm. The result indicated that the pH value of the rhizosphere soil of one-year-old Ph. edulis was between 4.86 and 6.04, relatively suitable for bamboo’s growth. With the growth of young bamboo, the pH value took the form of parabola wholly, and reached the maximum in August, 6.03; the contents of Cu and organic matters reached the peak in June and July respectively, which were 38.77, and 0.67, the content of organic matters reached the minimum at the end of July, then increased slowly; and the contents of Zn, Fe, and Mn reached the peak in June, then presented a downward trend. Variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in the contents of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil of the one-year-old Phyllostachys edulis in October, which showed that the effects of micro-environment of rhizosphere on dissolution and absorption of trace elements was greater for rhizosphere soil than for non-rhizosphere soil.
2010, 23(4): 592-596.
Abstract:
Agrobacteriurn tumefaciens-mediated transformation (AtMT) method was used to study the genetic transformation in Rhizopus arrhizus of antisense expression vector pBI121-fad2 of VeFAD2 gene. We studied the key factors influencing transformation, such as A.tumefaciens strains,bacterial cell volume initially used, co-cultivation time, effective period and concentration of AS. The results shows that the ideal A.tumefaciens strain is AGL-1, the optimum bacterial cell volume initially used is 50-100 μL and co-culture 24 hours will get the most transformants. At co-culture period, AS induction is indispensable. It is beneficial to improve transformation ratio by adding to 200 μmol·L-1 AS at preincubate period and increasing AS concentration to 400-600 μmol·L-1 at co-culture period. It determined that antisense VeFAD2 gene has been integrated into the genome of R. arrhizus by PCR-Southern detection.
Agrobacteriurn tumefaciens-mediated transformation (AtMT) method was used to study the genetic transformation in Rhizopus arrhizus of antisense expression vector pBI121-fad2 of VeFAD2 gene. We studied the key factors influencing transformation, such as A.tumefaciens strains,bacterial cell volume initially used, co-cultivation time, effective period and concentration of AS. The results shows that the ideal A.tumefaciens strain is AGL-1, the optimum bacterial cell volume initially used is 50-100 μL and co-culture 24 hours will get the most transformants. At co-culture period, AS induction is indispensable. It is beneficial to improve transformation ratio by adding to 200 μmol·L-1 AS at preincubate period and increasing AS concentration to 400-600 μmol·L-1 at co-culture period. It determined that antisense VeFAD2 gene has been integrated into the genome of R. arrhizus by PCR-Southern detection.
2010, 23(4): 597-601.
Abstract:
Volatiles of different Chaenomeles sinensis cultivars in Shandong Province were investigated by means of HS-SPME coupled to GC/MS,and the fruit aroma of different cultivars was studied. Result showed that the 161 volatiles, belonging to 7 categories, were identified. Esters, alcohols and aldehydes are the major constituents. Ethyl alcohol, 3-methyl-4-oxo-pentanoic acid, acetic acid butyl ester, 2-methyl-butanoic acid ethyl ester, diethyl phthalate, (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal are the main volatiles from the 10 cultivars. Ethyl alcohol and (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal were the primary volatiles. Some unique and high relative content volatiles, playing an important role in the formation of specific aroma of different Chaenomeles sinensis cultivars, were detected from most cultivars. There were significant difference between volatile, relative contents and aromatic categories.
Volatiles of different Chaenomeles sinensis cultivars in Shandong Province were investigated by means of HS-SPME coupled to GC/MS,and the fruit aroma of different cultivars was studied. Result showed that the 161 volatiles, belonging to 7 categories, were identified. Esters, alcohols and aldehydes are the major constituents. Ethyl alcohol, 3-methyl-4-oxo-pentanoic acid, acetic acid butyl ester, 2-methyl-butanoic acid ethyl ester, diethyl phthalate, (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal are the main volatiles from the 10 cultivars. Ethyl alcohol and (E,E)-2,4-Decadienal were the primary volatiles. Some unique and high relative content volatiles, playing an important role in the formation of specific aroma of different Chaenomeles sinensis cultivars, were detected from most cultivars. There were significant difference between volatile, relative contents and aromatic categories.
2010, 23(4): 602-606.
Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted in order to quantify the effect of domestic wastewater on the growth of poplar plantation and research the purification function of poplar trees for wastewater in Longhu Town of Zhengzhou during 2008 and 2009. Different hydraulic loading (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 cm·week-1) were applied to the experimental plots. A series of indicators (growth of poplar plantation, leaf litter dry weight, one-year-old branch, leaf length, leaf fluctuating asymmetry; nitrogen, phosphorus and sodium contents of branch and leaf) were measured. The results showed that wastewater land treatment resulted in increasing the growth of poplar plantation and nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium contents of branch and leaf. Poplars can take up pollutants in wastewater. However, the chemicals in domestic wastewater caused poplar trees damage due to high NaCl. Leaf length appeared to be a useful stress diagnostic tool for use in situ.
A field experiment was conducted in order to quantify the effect of domestic wastewater on the growth of poplar plantation and research the purification function of poplar trees for wastewater in Longhu Town of Zhengzhou during 2008 and 2009. Different hydraulic loading (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 cm·week-1) were applied to the experimental plots. A series of indicators (growth of poplar plantation, leaf litter dry weight, one-year-old branch, leaf length, leaf fluctuating asymmetry; nitrogen, phosphorus and sodium contents of branch and leaf) were measured. The results showed that wastewater land treatment resulted in increasing the growth of poplar plantation and nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium contents of branch and leaf. Poplars can take up pollutants in wastewater. However, the chemicals in domestic wastewater caused poplar trees damage due to high NaCl. Leaf length appeared to be a useful stress diagnostic tool for use in situ.
2010, 23(4): 607-611.
Abstract:
The vertical distribution characteristics of Monochamus alternatus on the trucks of infested Pinus yunnanensis were investigated both in field and laboratory. The results showed that the quantity distribution of oviposition scar in trunk was lower part > middle part > upper part; and the density distribution of oviposition scar had not significant difference (P>0.05). The quantity distribution of entrance hole in trunk was middle part > lower part > upper part; and the density distribution of entrance hole was upper part > middle part > lower part. The quantity distribution of exit hole in trunk was middle part > upper part > lower part; and the density distribution of exit hole was upper part > middle part > lower part. There were positive correlations between the quantities of oviposition scar or entrance hole in lower part of trunk and the entrance hole or exit hole in whole trunk, respectively. The linear regression equations of the quantity of oviposition scar in lower part (x1), the entrance hole in lower part (x2) and the quantity of oviposition scar in whole trunk (y1), the entrance hole in whole trunk (y2), the exit hole in whole trunk (y3) are y1=7.117+2.283 x1,y2=24.220+0.701 x1,y3=8.794+0.434 x1,y2=28.805+2.211 x2,y3=20.367+0.778 x2. All partial correlations had reached the very signiticant level.
The vertical distribution characteristics of Monochamus alternatus on the trucks of infested Pinus yunnanensis were investigated both in field and laboratory. The results showed that the quantity distribution of oviposition scar in trunk was lower part > middle part > upper part; and the density distribution of oviposition scar had not significant difference (P>0.05). The quantity distribution of entrance hole in trunk was middle part > lower part > upper part; and the density distribution of entrance hole was upper part > middle part > lower part. The quantity distribution of exit hole in trunk was middle part > upper part > lower part; and the density distribution of exit hole was upper part > middle part > lower part. There were positive correlations between the quantities of oviposition scar or entrance hole in lower part of trunk and the entrance hole or exit hole in whole trunk, respectively. The linear regression equations of the quantity of oviposition scar in lower part (x1), the entrance hole in lower part (x2) and the quantity of oviposition scar in whole trunk (y1), the entrance hole in whole trunk (y2), the exit hole in whole trunk (y3) are y1=7.117+2.283 x1,y2=24.220+0.701 x1,y3=8.794+0.434 x1,y2=28.805+2.211 x2,y3=20.367+0.778 x2. All partial correlations had reached the very signiticant level.
2010, 23(4): 612-616.
Abstract:
The mountain region of Southwest China is not only one of the two key regions that China’s natural forests distributed, but also has lots of degraded natural forests. Its natural forests are essential to keep regional ecosystems safe and biodiversity conservation. The forests geographical zoning plays an important role in regional forests management. Based on plants geographical division and some special topic zonings published, according to zonal climax forest types, land features and drivers of degradation, this paper used the DIVA-GIS and ArcMap, divided the degraded natural forests in mountain areas of Southwest China into five zones, namely tropical rain and monsoon forests of low-mountain in South Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Pinus massoniana forests over limestone in Guizhou-Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Pinus yunnanensis forests of plateau in Central Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Cryptomeria-Metasequoia-Cunninghamia forests of low-mountain around Sichuan Basin, dark coniferous forests over valley and mountains in Sichuan-Yunnan. Introduced the degradation state and main reasons of natural forests of each zone. Zoning of the degraded natural forests at regional level will contribute to the ecological restoration of the degraded natural forests in mountains of Southwest China.
The mountain region of Southwest China is not only one of the two key regions that China’s natural forests distributed, but also has lots of degraded natural forests. Its natural forests are essential to keep regional ecosystems safe and biodiversity conservation. The forests geographical zoning plays an important role in regional forests management. Based on plants geographical division and some special topic zonings published, according to zonal climax forest types, land features and drivers of degradation, this paper used the DIVA-GIS and ArcMap, divided the degraded natural forests in mountain areas of Southwest China into five zones, namely tropical rain and monsoon forests of low-mountain in South Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Pinus massoniana forests over limestone in Guizhou-Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Pinus yunnanensis forests of plateau in Central Yunnan, evergreen broad-leaf and Cryptomeria-Metasequoia-Cunninghamia forests of low-mountain around Sichuan Basin, dark coniferous forests over valley and mountains in Sichuan-Yunnan. Introduced the degradation state and main reasons of natural forests of each zone. Zoning of the degraded natural forests at regional level will contribute to the ecological restoration of the degraded natural forests in mountains of Southwest China.
2010, 23(4): 617-621.
Abstract:
Pink Peace’rose was used to study the optimum conditions for transferring the SeNHX1 gene into the callus. The results showed that the optimal medium was MS+2,4-D 5.0 mg·L-1 + TDZ 0.5 mg·L-1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was able to take the target gene into callus and the blue spots were found. The optimum conditions for the transient expression of gusA gene are as following: bacterium density of OD was 0.5, infection time was 20 min, culture time was 3 days. Adding 100 μmol·L-1 AS, the frequency of transient expression of GUS gene was the highest, which reached about 85% in present study.
Pink Peace’rose was used to study the optimum conditions for transferring the SeNHX1 gene into the callus. The results showed that the optimal medium was MS+2,4-D 5.0 mg·L-1 + TDZ 0.5 mg·L-1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was able to take the target gene into callus and the blue spots were found. The optimum conditions for the transient expression of gusA gene are as following: bacterium density of OD was 0.5, infection time was 20 min, culture time was 3 days. Adding 100 μmol·L-1 AS, the frequency of transient expression of GUS gene was the highest, which reached about 85% in present study.
2010, 23(4): 622-625.
Abstract:
The protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activities and soluble protein content of pistil after pollination were compared between interspecific-cross and self-cross of cultivar, using Tulipa specie (T. tianschanica) from Xinjiang and T. gesneriana cultivars ('Kees Nelis’, 'Negrita’) as test materials. The results showed that all the SOD, POD, CAT activities and soluble protein content changed after interspecific and self pollination, which means that the recognition between pollen and stigma can be initiated effectively when pollen fell on stigma despite of genetic relationship. Fluctuant changes were observed in 5 hours after pollination for protective enzyme activities and soluble protein content, and the fluctuation tendencies were different between interspecific and self pollination, as well as between 'Kees Nelis’ ×T. tianschanica and 'Negrita’×T. tianschanica. Self pollination appeared peaks of POD and CAT activities preceding interspecific pollination. Self pollination showed a larger rise and maintained rise for longer time than interspecific pollination. The SOD activity of 'Kees Nelis’ ×T. tianschanica changed more than that of 'Negrita’×T. tianschanica, meanwhile, the soluble protein content of the former declined preceding that of the latter. These differences were probably attributed to genetic relationship.
The protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activities and soluble protein content of pistil after pollination were compared between interspecific-cross and self-cross of cultivar, using Tulipa specie (T. tianschanica) from Xinjiang and T. gesneriana cultivars ('Kees Nelis’, 'Negrita’) as test materials. The results showed that all the SOD, POD, CAT activities and soluble protein content changed after interspecific and self pollination, which means that the recognition between pollen and stigma can be initiated effectively when pollen fell on stigma despite of genetic relationship. Fluctuant changes were observed in 5 hours after pollination for protective enzyme activities and soluble protein content, and the fluctuation tendencies were different between interspecific and self pollination, as well as between 'Kees Nelis’ ×T. tianschanica and 'Negrita’×T. tianschanica. Self pollination appeared peaks of POD and CAT activities preceding interspecific pollination. Self pollination showed a larger rise and maintained rise for longer time than interspecific pollination. The SOD activity of 'Kees Nelis’ ×T. tianschanica changed more than that of 'Negrita’×T. tianschanica, meanwhile, the soluble protein content of the former declined preceding that of the latter. These differences were probably attributed to genetic relationship.
2010, 23(4): 626-628.
Abstract:
The tender stem of Rosa rugosa was used as explant and it suitable medium compositions were screened through uniform design experiments. The results showed that the tissue culture of Rosa rugosa required different kinds of culture medium in different phases. The most suitable culture media were as follows: B5+6-BA 2.90 mg·L-1 for shoots regeneration immediately at base of tender stem, the rate of regeneration was 96%; 1/2 MS(macro-elemenyts)+IBA 0.07 mg·L-1 for rooting, the rooting rate was more than 98.5%. Plant regeneration system of Rosa rugosa had been successfully established.
The tender stem of Rosa rugosa was used as explant and it suitable medium compositions were screened through uniform design experiments. The results showed that the tissue culture of Rosa rugosa required different kinds of culture medium in different phases. The most suitable culture media were as follows: B5+6-BA 2.90 mg·L-1 for shoots regeneration immediately at base of tender stem, the rate of regeneration was 96%; 1/2 MS(macro-elemenyts)+IBA 0.07 mg·L-1 for rooting, the rooting rate was more than 98.5%. Plant regeneration system of Rosa rugosa had been successfully established.
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