• 中国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)核心库来源期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊(CJCR)
  • 第二届国家期刊奖提名奖

2014 Vol. 27, No. 5

Display Method:
Study on the Soil Respiration and Its Components of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations in Subtropical China
HUANG Xue-man, LIU Shi-rong, YOU Ye-ming
2014, 27(5): 575-582.
Abstract:
In order to determine the seasonal pattern of respiration and elucidate the contribution of respiration components and their control factors in Eucalyptus plantations, comparative experiments and the trenching plot method with LI-8100 automated CO2 flux system were used to quantify the components of soil respiration in three-4-year-old second rotation pure plantations (PP2) of Eucalyptus and three 4-year-old second rotation mixed Eucalyptus urophylla and Dalbergia odorifera plantations (MP2) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China. The results showed that there were similar seasonal dynamics for the respiration and its compoments in both the plantations. The total respiration (RS), heterotrophic respiration (RH), and autotrophic respiration (RR) varied markedly during the year with the highest rates between June to August, and the lowest rates between December to January. The soil temperature was the main factor that affected RS and its components, while there was no significant relationship between soil water content and soil respiration flux. The estimated RS, RR and RH values for PP2 were 1 147.41 g· m-2, 506.72 g·m-2 and 640.69 g·m-2 respectively in average, and the estimated RS, RR and RH values for MP2 were 844.07 g·m-2, 136.87 g·m-2 and 707.21 g· m-2 in average. The estimated RC increased from 56.03% in the PP2 to 83.94% in the MP2. There was significant correlation between litterfall mass, fine root biomass, C/N ratio of litterfall and RS and RR. However, there was just significant relationship between RH and total organic carbon of soil and litterfall.
Genome Size Determination of Several Dendrolimus Species in China
ZHANG Su-fang, ZHANG Zhen, WANG Hong-bin, KONG Xiang-bo, LUO Ji-tong, YANG Zhong-wu
2014, 27(5): 583-589.
Abstract:
The genome size of three important Dendrolimus species in South China were measured by flow cytometry, with chicken erythrocyte DNA content as control. The results showed that the genome size of D. punctatus was 563.36±7.26 Mb, and the 2C DNA content of female and male were 1.1756±0.0164 and 1.1286±0.0134 pg, respectively. The genome size of D. kikuchii was 719.30±9.70 Mb, and the 2C DNA content of female and male were 1.4492±0.0212 and 1.4428±0.0184 pg, respectively. The genome size of D. houi was 586.82±8.94 Mb, and the 2C DNA content of female and male were 1.244±0.0182 and 1.156±0.0184 pg, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that the genome size of D. kikuchii was much greater than that of D. houi and D. punctatus, and the genome size of D. houi was a little larger than that of the D. punctatus. For all the three species, the genome size of the female was larger than that of the male. Genome size determinations of these Dendrolimus species can be used as the basis of further comparison among the molecular differentiation of these closely related and sympatric species, and also provide important information for genomic library construction and sequencing in the future.
Analysis on Differences of Protein in Stylar Canal During Early Pollination Associated with Self-incompatible Prunus domestica × armeniaca ‘Fengweimeigui’
HE Xing-bo, LEI Li-li, YANG Shao-bin, FU Jian-min, LI Fang-dong
2014, 27(5): 590-597.
Abstract:
This study focused on the differences of protein in stylar canal between that from self-incompatible Prunus domestica × armeniaca ‘Fengweimeigui’ and that from cross-pollination (ACP) (‘Fengweimeigui’ × ‘Konglongdan’). Two dimension difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrum (MS) detection techniques were used in this study. The results showed that there were 79 different protein spots in stylar canal between that from self-pollination and that from cross-pollination, and there was a huge difference, more than double, in terms of protein expression among 43 protein spots, including 6 up-expressed and 37 down-expressed in self-pollination stylar canal compared with that in cross-pollination stylar canal. Only 34 protein spots were identified unambiguously through mass spectrometry analysis, including 5 kinds which were catalytic protein, defence/stress protein, and structural protein, respectively.
Selection and Growth Potential Analysis of Chinese Fir Clones
XU Zhong-kun
2014, 27(5): 598-603.
Abstract:
Three groups of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) clone test stands, designed by stem, line and block assignments, were established at Huitong county and Suilning county of Hunan province in 1983, 1986 and 1997, respectively, including 33 clones and 2 contrasts. Base on three survey data (ranging from 4 to 31 years old), the variance analysis was used in the study. The results showed that significantly different existed in the diameter and height growths among the young-aged (4-7 years), the middle-aged (13 to 16 years) and mature (28-31 years) stands. Different clones followed different process of growth. Some clones grew slowly in young age period, fast in middle-aged period, and steadily in mature period. Two excellent clones still kept the earlier growth dominance in 31 years old, and their growth always showed good while planted at the 18 m site index or 16 m site index, their diameters and heights ranked the first and the second. The growth of the two excellent clones had temporal and spatial stabilities at certain extents. In block afforestation conditions, the tree height, DBH growth and volume per unit area of 13-year-old excellent clones were 20.1%~26.6%, 27%~31.1%, and 78.7%~92.8% higher than that of the check.
Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus
ZHANG Jin, LI Jian-bo, LIU Bo-bin, CHEN Jun, LU Meng-zhu
2014, 27(5): 604-611.
Abstract:
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important Ca2+ sensors and effectors in Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. They play crucial roles in regulation of plant development and tolerance of various environmental stresses. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of Populus CDPKs was performed, including phylogeny, gene structure and expression patterns. Thirty-two CDPK genes and ten CRK genes were identified. Furthermore, the gene expression profiles showed that a number of Populus CDPK differentially expressed across different tissues and developmental stages. Three Populus CDPK gene, i.e. PtCPK1, PtCPK6 and PtCPK15, were cloned and analyzed, revealing their proteins localized in cell membrane. These results may lay the foundation for functional analysis of Populus CDPK gene family in the future.
Effects of N-fixing Tree Species on Soil Microbial Biomass and Community Structure of the Second Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations
HUANG Xue-man, LIU Shi-rong, YOU Ye-ming
2014, 27(5): 612-620.
Abstract:
In order to determine the effects of N-fixing tree species on the biomass and structure of soil microbial community of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China, The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to quantify the microbial community biomass and composition in Eucalyptus urophylla monoculture forest and a mixed Eucalyptus urophylla and Dalbergia odorifera forest on dry and wet season. The results showed that the soil organic carbon content, NH4-N, NO3-N, TN, and litter biomass in mixed forest were significantly higher by 17.77%, 41.62%, 85.59%, 25.38%, 19.12% compared with that in monoculture forest at 0~10 cm depth except soil carbon content. Also in the mixed forest, the bacterial community biomass significantly increased, but the fungal community biomass was significantly reduced. Likewise, the relative abundances of total bacterial community, Gram-positive bacterial communities were significantly increased in dry season, but the relative abundance of fungal communities were significantly declined. No significant difference was found in the relative abundance of other microbial communities between the two forests in wet season, except the total bacteria. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the soil microbial community structure in mixed forest was clearly separated from the monoculture forest on the PC2 axis (p4-N, and TOC were the dominant factors driving the changes of soil microbial community composition of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations in subtropical China. In addiction, the trench experiment showed that the root and root secreting labile material may be the important sources of microbial biomass carbon in the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations.
Physiological Response of Phyllostachys rivalis Rhizome Roots to Long-term Water Stress
LIU Yu-fang, CHEN Shuang-lin, LI Ying-chun, CHEN Shan, GUO Zi-wu
2014, 27(5): 621-625.
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the physiological response mechanism of rhizome roots of Phyllostachys rivalis to long-term water stress. The physiological response of primary and secondary rhizome roots of 1-year-old Ph. rivalis to long-term flooded conditions was studied in a pot experiment with treatments of artificial irrigation water supply (CK) and flooding six months (TR). The root activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation and osmotic adjustment substance contents in bamboo rhizome roots were investigated. The results are as follows. In general, the root activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, MDA content, relative electron conduction and soluble protein content of primary roots were significantly higher than that of the secondary roots. Under long-term flooded conditions, the root activity, antioxidant enzyme activity of primary and secondary roots were significantly lower than that of the CK. The relative electron conductivity and MDA content increased significantly. The root activity and CAT activity of bamboo rhizome roots growing in water were significantly higher than those growing in soil, on the contrary were SOD and POD activity. And Ph. rivalis can adapt to stress of long-term flooded conditions by maintaining the overall higher levels of root activity, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble protein content, especially primary roots and bamboo rhizome roots growing in water. The results indicated that the rhizome roots of Ph. rivalis could adapt to long-term flooded conditions and survived through the balance adjustment of antioxidant system. Response of primary roots to waterlogging was much stronger than the secondary roots, and the bamboo rhizome root growing in water played an important role in adapting the flooded conditions.
Study on the Self-pruning of Chinese Fir Plantation
SUN Hong-gang, ZHANG Jian-guo, DUAN Ai-guo
2014, 27(5): 626-630.
Abstract:
The data of 25 years’ positional observation were used to investigate the effects of self-pruning on Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations. The study examined five initial density levels (2m×3m, 2m×1.5m, 2m×1m, 1m×1.5m, and 1m×1m) with three replications at each level based on the randomized block design. The higher the initial planting density, the sooner the self-pruning happened and the higher the self-pruning intensity was. While living crown ratio (CL/TH) decreased to 0.4, the CL/TH ratio fluctuation tended to a constant. When the CL/TH ratio decreased to 0.3, the self-thinning happened, regardless the initial planting density and mortality. When self-pruning happened, the ratio of tree crown width to the living crown height (CW/CH) rapidly increased, then slowly increased during the early self-thinning and increased rapidly again during the late self-thinning. However, the CW/CH ratio was always below 1. Allocation pattern with assimilation matter changed when self-pruning happened, and stem form index (H/D) decreased when the living crown ratio increased.
Leaf Modular Population Characteristics of Taxus yunnanensis Plantation under Different Branches and Leaves Harvesting Models
BIAN Fang-yuan, SU Lei, SU Jian-rong, LIU Wan-de
2014, 27(5): 631-638.
Abstract:
Three harvesting models (cutting the trunk and harvesting upper branches and leaves, retaining the trunk and harvesting upper branches and leaves, retaining the trunk and harvesting lower branches and leaves) were tested to harvest six-years-old Taxus yunnanensis plantation in Maguan County of Yunnan Province. Each model consisted 3 harvesting intensities. Through one-year's continuous observation, the amount and dynamics of T. yunnanensis plantation leaves were analyzed. The results showed that with the increase of harvesting intensity, the amount of falling leaves increased for all the 3 harvesting models, and at the same time, the defoliation rate of older leaves showed an increasing trend over time. Harvesting can promote the increase in the amount of new leaves, but compared with harvesting the lower branches, harvesting the upper branches was more effective to promote the increase of new leaves. Harvesting would reduce spring leaf density, and improve autumn density. The overall density of new leaves showed no significant difference with different harvesting models. The leaf net amount increased with the recovery strength of 3 harvesting models. In order to harvest more branches and increase the net yield of leaves in the coming year, it is suitable to cut the trunk and harvest upper 3/4 branches and leaves of crown length, retain the trunk and harvesting upper 3/4 branches and leaves of crown length. The net amount of leave increment was 2.96 times and 3.00 time that of the control. Simultaneously, if the trunk is harvested, there would be more sprouts in the rest of crown. To sum up, cutting trunk and harvesting upper 3/4 branches and leaves of crown length would be the best harvesting model.
Research on Wetland Type Classification Based on Improved Remote Sensing Index of Worldview-2 Data
LING Cheng-xing, JU Hong-bo, ZHANG Huai-qing, SUN Hua
2014, 27(5): 639-643.
Abstract:
Taking the core area in wetland nature reserve of Dongting Lake in Hunan province as the reserch plot, the high resolution image Worldview-2 data were analyzed and used to establish the improved remote sensing index. The information about the wetland was extracted with the strategy of data threshold hierarchical classification. The result showed that accuracy of wetland type classification reached 92.24%, with Kappa coefficient at 0.902. The accuracy of classification, especially for processing the data of marsh, meadow and bare land, was 8.18% higher compared to the original remote sensing index method. It is proved that the improved remote sensing index extration mothod is an effective way in wetland remote sensing data classification.
Assessment of Forest Function in Beijing Jiulong Mountain based on Improved TOPSIS Method
ZHANG Lian-jin, SUN Chang-zhong, XIN Xue-bing, KONG Qing-yun
2014, 27(5): 644-650.
Abstract:
Based on the principles of scientificity, systematic, relative independence and operability, 16 assessment indices were selected from the six aspects of site conditions, soil conditions, productivity, community structure, resistance and resilience, and an assessment index system of forest function in Beijing Jiulong Mountain was conducted. In the meantime, the standard of assessment indices was determined. Finally, the function status of 23 plots was evaluated by using the improved TOPSIS method. The results showed that among the 23 plots, those in the better, medium and poor function were 6, 10 and 7, respectively, indicating that the function of most of the plots were low, and were badly in need of taking effective action to raise and improve forest function status in order to achieve forest sustainable development of the study area. From the viewpoint of practical effect, it can be concluded that the improved TOPSIS method is scientific, feasible and it can provide references for forest function assessment in Beijing.
Changes of Aroma Components in Cattleya in Different Florescence
ZHENG Bao-qiang, ZHAO Zhi-guo, REN Jian-wu, WANG Yan
2014, 27(5): 651-656.
Abstract:
The changes of aroma components in Rhyncholaeliocattleya King of Taiwan ‘Ta Shin #1’ in different florescence were analyzed by dynamic headspace collection and TCT-GC/MS. The results indicted that there were 42 components at bud stage, 39 at first flowering dates, 66 at flowering stage and 56 at declining period. With the flower blooming and senescence, the contents of alkenes increased at first and then decreased, the contents of alkanes and benzenes increased, while the contents of alcohol and aldehydes decreased. Based on the results of organoleptic evaluation and GC/MS, it was found that alkenes was the most important compounds for ‘Ta Shin #1’ volatile. 3, 7-dimethyl-1, 3, 6-Octatriene, Alpha.-pinene, Beta-myrcene, D-limonene, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid methyl ester were the characteristic constituents of aroma.
Pollen Viability and Preservation of Dendrobium lindleyi
DENG Xi-mei, ZHENG Bao-qiang, GUO Xin, WANG Yan
2014, 27(5): 657-661.
Abstract:
The pollen of Dendrobium lindleyi was employed as experimental material to investigate the determination method of pollen viability and pollen storage. The results showed that: (1) The optimum culture medium was 100 g·L-1 sucrose + 100 mg·L-1 H3BO3 + 80 mg·L-1 CaCl2. TTC staining was not adapted to detect pollen viability of Den. lindleyi. (2) The pollen germinating rate was over 65% during 0~8 days after blooming. As pollen parents, the male receptivity was over 85% during this period, which showed a better result than bud stage and droop stage. (3) Different storage methods had different effects on pollen viability of Den. lindleyi. The viability of pollen stored at dry condition in 4 ℃ declined to 0 after 80 days. However, after stored at humid condition in 4 ℃, freeze-wetting and freeze-drying in -20 ℃ for 90 days, the pollen viabilities were about 1.4%, 21.7%, and 6.4% respectively. As pollen parents, the pollen freeze-wetting stored in -20 ℃ for 90 days could still set seeds normally, while the setting rate was obviously decreased when using other storage methods.
Superior Clone Selection of Casuarina equisetifolia
MA Ni, ZHONG Chong-lu, ZHANG Yong, JIANG Qing-bin, CHEN Yu, CHEN Zhen, FANG Fa-zhi, HU Pan, ZHU De-wu
2014, 27(5): 662-666.
Abstract:
17 casuarina clones grown in two sites in Hainan, viz. Daodong Forest Farm and Wenchang Forest Institute, were assessed for tree height, diameter at breast height, individual volume, axis persistence, stem straightness and survival percentage.The result indicated that genetic variations of those 6 traits were significant differences (pp<0.001) not only in tree growth indexes at each site but also genotype and site interaction among 17 clones. Meanwhile, the repeatability varied from 0.35 (axis persistence) to 0.85 (height). The genetic correlation was analyzed as well, it was showed that the height, diameter at breast height, individual volume and survival percentage had highly significant correlation. In addition, the mean genetic gains in height, diameter at breast height, individual volume, axis persistence, stem straightness and the survival percentage were 6.5%, 4.8%, 10.9%, 3.7%, 1.5% and 8.1% respectively. Three superior clones were selected from the 17 clones.
Selection of Cold Tolerant Eucalyptus grandis Clone Jinggang No.1
ZENG Bing-shan, QIU Zhen-fei, LIU Ying, LI Xiang-yang, FAN Chun-jie, ZHOU Guo-hua, GE Ming-liang, LAI Wei-peng
2014, 27(5): 667-671.
Abstract:
Jinggang No.1 was selected from an Eucalyptus grandis plantation after severe frost bite and was propagated by tissue culture. It was tested at several sites with E. dunii, E. camalduensis, E. grandis clone Eg5, E. grandis × E. urophyla clone Guanglin 9, E. grandis × E. camalduensis clone DH201-2 and E. grandis × E. urophyla clone DH3229 as controls. Based on growth measurement, cold-resistance evaluation, snow pressure resistance investigation and tests of common pests and diseases, its growth, adaption capacity and cultivation prosperity were evaluated. The results showed that its cold resistance was close to that of E. dunii and E. camalduensis, the snow pressure resistance was stronger than that of E. dunii and DH3229, the preserving rate, height growth and diameter growth were higher than those of E. dunii, E. camalduensis and Eg5.
Growth and Genetic Evaluation of 21-year-old Chinese fir Clonal Plantation
DUAN Ai-guo, ZHANG Xiong-qing, ZHANG Jian-guo, ZHONG Jian-de
2014, 27(5): 672-676.
Abstract:
The growth traits of 38 Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) clones introduced from Hu'nan Province and grown in 21-year-old Chinese fir clonal plantation were surveyed and analyzed. The results of statistical analysis showed that there were significant or great significant genetic variations in height, diameter at breast height (DBH), volume, height of live branch, crown height and crown width among these clones. The repeatability of clones for height, DBH, volume, height of live branch, crown height and crown width varied between 58.65% and 87.19%, belonging to median or high genetically control level, indicating the three growth traits and three crown traits had high genetic stability. There were significant phenotypic correlations among height, DBH, volume and crown height or crown width. Three clones were selected from the 38 clones tested. The stem volumes of the three clones arrived at 0.494 8 m3, 0.438 9 m3, and 0.412 9 m3, which were 43.59%, 27.37%, and 19.82% higher than that of five controls comprised of excellent provenances, families and orchards seeds, respectively. The Chinese fir clones showed the best genetic gains and breeding prospect.
Effects of Sand Dune Slopes on Soil Nutrients and Plant Community for Caragana intermedia Plantation
LI Qing-xue, ZHU Ya-juan, JIA Zhi-qing, WANG Yong-sheng, YU Yang
2014, 27(5): 677-682.
Abstract:
This study was to determine how the soil nutrients and plant community were affected by slopes of sand dunes 12 years after Caragana intermedia plantation was established on the alpine sandy land of Gonghe Basin on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The moving sand dune in the vicinity of experiment site was chosen as a control. The soil samples were collected for four replicates from five depths (0~5, 5~10, 10~20, 20~30 cm and 30~50 cm) on windward slopes, tops of slopes and leeward slopes. The results showed that the soil organic matter content at 0~20 cm, total nitrogen and total phosphorus content at 0~50 cm for all sand dunes slopes of C. intermedia plantation were significantly higher than that of the moving sand dune. The soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents at 0~5 cm and total phosphorus content at 0~20 cm for windward slopes were significantly higher than that at the top of slopes and leeward slopes. The establishment of C. intermedia plantation on sand dunes facilitated the colonization and development of herbaceous species. The coverage and species of herbaceous increased, especially for windward slopes.
Seasonal Dynamics and Prediction of Forest Litter Moisture in Daxing’anling Region
ZHANG Heng, JIN Sen, DI Xue-ying
2014, 27(5): 683-688.
Abstract:
The dynamics of litter moisture under Scots pine, larch and birch stands in Pangu Forest Farm, Daxing'anling Region, Heilongjiang Province, were observed in the spring of 2010 and the autumns of 2010 and 2011. The responses of the litter moisture to weather variables were analyzed. The results showed that the litter moistures of the three stands were closely related to the relative humidity and rainfall, particularly to the humidity and rainfall two days ago, showing a obviously lagging but not related to the air temperature and wind velocity. The litter moistures under the three stands in spring showed an exponential relationship with the air humidity and an asymptotic relationship with rainfall while those for autumn were both linear. The prediction models established in nonlinear form using spring data are more accurate than those of linear form. These relationships are different from those commonly used in current fuel moisture prediction models and could be beneficial for improving the modeling accuracy in the future.
Survey and Study on Occurrence Regularity of Persimmon Fruits Disorder Top Rot Disease
DENG Quan-en, GONG Bang-chu, WU Kai-yun, DING Yu, YANG Yong, CHEN Xue-chu, JIANG Xi-bing, QIU You-shang
2014, 27(5): 689-696.
Abstract:
Taking different aged persimmon varieties of ‘Gongchengshuishi’ (PCA cultivar), ‘Youhou’ and 'Jiro’ (PCNA cultivar) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Yunnan Province as material, the occurrence time, disease symptoms, fruit drop time of persimmon fruit top rot disease, and the relationship between the disease and orchard site, tree age and other factors were investigated. The results showed that the disease occurred in veraison stage. The originating site of the disease of ‘Gongchengshuishi’ and ‘Yoho’ fruits was on the top of a little skin peel or pulp, then developed from outside to inside, while in ‘Jiro’ it started from flesh, developed from inside to outside. The speed of turning soft of infected fruits of ‘Gongchengshuishi’ and ‘Jiro’ were faster than those of ‘Youhou’. The sick fruits of ‘Gongchengshuishi’, ‘Jiro’ and ‘Youhou’ dropped respectively in 15, 20, 35 days after the appearance of the disease. The disease was more serious in weak trees. For ‘Gongchengshuishi’, the disease of orchards in flat area was more serious than in orchards in mountains. A strong negative relation was found between the disease and fruits amount of tree of ‘Youhou’ and ‘Jiro’, the correlation coefficients were: -0.872 and -0.895. The infected fruits of ‘Youhou’ and ‘Jiro’ were bigger than the healthy ones. For ‘Youhou’ and ‘Jiro’, the disease was more serious in upper and external canopy than lower and internal parts.
Dynamic Changes of Fruit Development and Pulp Inclusion of Sapindus mukorossi
SHAO Wen-hao, DIAO Song-feng, DONG Ru-xiang, SUN Hong-gang, JIANG Jing-min, XIAO Ke-qing, XU Jin-liang
2014, 27(5): 697-701.
Abstract:
The dynamic changes of fruit development and pulp inclusion of Sapindus mukorossi were studied. The results showed that the development process of fruit vertical diameter, transverse diameter, side diameter and fresh weight presented an obvious Sigmoid growth curve. The mathematical models of fruit growth and development were built by using development period as X-axis, and using respective mean of fruit traits as Y-axis. Meanwhile, the models were proved available to reflect the change rule, because the fruit growth traits highly correlated with development periods. The change rules of fruit drop, pulp water content, pulp soluble sugar content and pulp saponin content were analyzed comprehensively. The result indicated that the fruits matured and the growth traits tended towards stability in later October, and the pulp water content and soluble sugar content decreased from peak to relatively low levels. However, the pulp saponin content was relatively high at the same time. So the suitable period for fruit harvest of S. mukorossi was in later October.
Cultivar Sort of Neosinocalamus affinis
SHI Jun-yi, YI Tong-pei, MA Li-sha, WANG Dao-yun, PU Zheng-yu, YAO Jun
2014, 27(5): 702-706.
Abstract:
Neosinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Keng f. is endemic to China, and it is mainly distributed in Sichuan Basin, Gansu, Shanxi, Hubei, Hu'nan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Guangdong. Currently, four cultivated forms and four non-named cultivars of N. affinis were recorded. Thus, all the recorded cultivated forms and non-named cultivars of N. affinis need to be unified, standardized and named according to the updated International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP). Eight cultivars of N.affinis ‘Chrysotrichus’, N. affinis ‘Viridiflavus’, N. affinis ‘Flavidorivens’, N. affinis ‘Striatus’, N. affinis ‘Foducizhu’, N. affinis ‘Niutuizhu’, ‘N. affinis ‘Shetouzhu’ and N. affinis ‘Doupengzhu’ have been described and named in accordance with the ICNCP.
Effects of Temperature on Seed Germination of Dalbergia tonkinensis
LIU Xiao-jin, XU Da-ping, YANG Zeng-jiang, ZHANG Ning-nan, CHEN Mei-hong
2014, 27(5): 707-709.
Abstract:
The effects of temperature on seed germination characteristics of Dalbergia tonkinensis collected from Lang son of Vietnam were studied. Significant differences were found among treatments in terms of germination percentage, germination energy, germination index and average germination time. In range of 15 ℃ to 30 ℃, the germination rate, germination energy and germination index increased with the increasing temperature, while the average germination time decreased correspondingly. And all germination parameters achieved the highest or the lowest values under the germination temperature of 30℃ with mean germination percentage, germination energy, germination index and germination time being 84.70%±8.4%, 65.56%±6.9%, 42.39±5.0 and 6.3±0.0 days, respectively. While under 35℃, the seed germination was inhibited slightly, most germination parameters were significantly lower than those in 30℃ except the average germination time. It could be concluded that 30℃ was the optimum temperature for seed germination of D. tonkinensis.
Soil Heat Flux Measurement Based on Heat Pulse Method
LU Sen, ZHANG Jin-song, MENG Ping, SUN Shi-you
2014, 27(5): 710-713.
Abstract:
The principles and methods of measuring soil heat flux with three-needle heat pulse sensor are introduced based on the theory of thermophysics. The soil heat flux plate method was employed to validate the heat pulse method. The results indicated that the soil heat flux calculated by the heat pulse method generally agreed well with the soil heat flux plate method. Compared with the soil heat flux plate, the bias of heat pulse method was 0.674 W·m-2. It proved that the heat pulse method was able to provide accurate soil heat flux measurement. Analysis on the phase of soil heat flux showed that the time of the maximum value occurred had 1 hour's hysteresis for the soil temperature compared to the soil heat flux. Due to the advantage of lower soil disturbance and contact resistance, the heat pulse method will have a wide prospect.