Abstract: The development of the radicle cell ultrastructure of monogenetic progeny seeds of Cunninghamia lanceolata with high vigor (№ 244) and low vigor (№ 5) was investigated during the imbibition. The result showed that for the high vigor seeds, mitochondria can be seen on the first day of imbibition. After the second day of imbibition, the number of mitochondria evidently increased, and most of them located along the nucleus. On the third day of imbibition, endoplasmic reticulum increased and developed well, and a number of starch grains appeared in distinct size with the disappearance of lipid bodies and aleurone grains. For low vigor seeds (№ 5), however, the whole cell was still occupied by a large amount of lipid bodies and aleurone grains except nucleus even on the third day of imbibition. No mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum can be found and no starch grains appeared.