Abstract: The analyses of differences among provenances and families, the genetic variation and genetic correlation on the growth and quality characters for 3 provenances and 50 open-pollination families of Eucalyptus tereticornis were carried out.The results showed there were highly significant differences among provenances and families on the main characters of E.tereticornis.The differences among provenances were bigger than those among familieswithin provenance.Laura provenance from Queensland of Australia was superior to other provenances on the main characters.The growth and quality characters of E.tereticornis families were moderately or strongly hereditary.Branch height,stem straightness and corwn had highly significant genetic correlations with the growth characters.The five families of E.tereticornis with fast growth and higher quality were selected by the lndex Selection Method and the genetic gain in the selective index values reached 22.23%.