Abstract: Taking thirty-two single-cross and eighteen multi-parents hybridization of paulownia in twelve years as trial material,genetic and variation of many characters were studied.The results were as follows:all these characters demonstrate embulent variations among different crosses, and many of their difference reached a high level, heredity ability of main quantitative characters all reached a high level such as length of anthotaxy, width of anthotaxy, angle of anthotaxy tresses, length of flower stalk, length of flower, width of flower, length of fruit, width of fruit, and parents-excessed heredity was discovered on angle of anthotaxy tresses.Split degree of calyces and length of bennet were controlled by a few alleles,and shallow was dominant to deep in split degree of calyces and long was dominant to short in length of bennet. In the aspect of flower color,white were homogeneous unit in gene,and purple was incomplete dominant to white. The shape of anthotaxy,density and size of spot in crown,and shape of fruit are all qualitative characters and controlled by several genes,they had a great change in exhibition along with gene's re-organization and chang during the process of cross. Principal component analysis indicated that angle of anthotaxy tresses,length of anthotaxy,width of anthotaxy could act as the first principal component,and thickness of fruit may act as the second principal component.Correlation analysis showed that many of these characters were greatly correlated,so when selection for certain aims the correlation of correlated character should be concerned.