Abstract: The severe soil erosion area of Loess Plateau is mainly located at the middle reaches of the Yellow River,and the western part of Shanxi Province is one of the typical parts. In this paper, the current situation and prospect of vegetation restoration was analyzed in that area. The western part of Shanxi Province as the emphasis area of national soil ecology management, the vegetation restoration and construction has achieved some effect. But serve soil erosion trend wasn't be kept within limits, the strategy and technique of vegetation construction also had many problems.We discussed the problem, counter measure and future prospect of vegetation restoration. The western area of Shanxi Loess Plateau can be categorized into two parts by the geomorphic and vegetation features, one was earth-rocky forest zone mainly in the east of this region; the other was loess agricultural zone in the west by the Yellow River. Earth-rocky forest zone should close the hillsides to facilitate afforestation, This paper bring forward closing the hillsides to facilitate afforestation was the main instrumentality and the artificial promotion measures was assistant instrumentality as the long-term management strategy of secondary forest region.Otherwise the loess zone should prohibit pasture outside on hillside, or carry out rotation grazing. The level of the management and technique of artificial aforestation should be enhanced in time. For the target of reconstructing the vegetation of this area, we must change the extensive management of the economy. The policy of protection and closing the land should be attached enough importance to, we also should use more native trees than exotic trees. Only through these measures, the vegetation restoration and controlling the soil erosion may come true in the area of the western Shanxi Province.