卧龙巴郎山流域大气降水与河水关系的研究
Study on the Relationship between Precipitation and RiverWater at BalangMountainWatershed inWolong Nature Reserve of Sichuan Province
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摘要: 根据四川卧龙自然保护区巴朗山流域皮条河河水的氢氧同位素组成分析, 并与同期降水中氢氧同位素进行比较, 研究了河水和降水氢氧同位素的变化规律。结果表明: ( 1)卧龙地区皮条河河水( ??D~ δ18O 线性关系为: ( ??D =3. 888δ18O- 45. 614(R2 = 0. 494, p 18O变化幅度远小于降水??D、δ18O 值的变化幅度。河水氘过量参数( d) 与大气降水的氘过量参数( d)的季节变化趋势基本一致, 冬春季氘过量参数( d)值较高, 而夏秋季较低。( 2)不同的季节, 雪水和冰雪融水补给河水不同, 雪水和冰雪融水补给河水主要发生在11月至翌年6 月。( 3)当降水量在0~ 10 mm 时, 降水??D、δ18O 的升高( 或降低)引起河水??D、δ18O升高( 或降低), 这种影响在降水后第3天滞后发生。当降水量在10~ 20 mm 时, 降水??D、δ18O的升高或降低引起河水??D、δ18O升高或降低, 这种影响在降水后第2天滞后发生。降水量在20~ 30 mm 时, 这种影响在降水后第1~ 2天发生。这表明河水??D、δ18O的响应时间与降水强度紧密相关, 显示出发育良好的亚高山暗针叶林植被结构有利于土壤对降水的吸收、渗透和运移,从而调节和补充河川径流。Abstract: The authors investigated hydrogen and oxygen stab le iso tope ( δD and δ18O ) ofw ater in Pit iao R iver, and compared them w ith the δD and δ18O of precipitation atWolong Nature Reserve o f Sichuan Prov ince to explore the relation-ship betw een riverw ater δD and δ18O. Itw as found that thewater δD w as positively correlated w ith water δ18O, name ly,δD = 3. 888 -18O - 45. 614 ( R2 = 0. 494, p 18O and δD in the riverwaterweremuchsam ller than those in the precipitation. The excess deuterium ( d) in the river water and in the precipitat ion show ed avery smi ilar patterns o f the seasonal variat ion, w ith the h igher values in w inter than in summer. Snow and snow-icemelting w ater discharg ing into the river variedw ith seasons and th is process occurredmainly from November to nex t June. Theresponse tmi es of δ18O and δD in the riverw ater to precipitation depended on the intensity of prec ipitation. G iven the intensities of precipitation at 0~ 10mm, 10~ 20 mm and 20~ 30 mm, the response tmi es o f δD and δ18O in the river w aterw ere 3 d, 2 d, and 1~ 2 d, respectively, after the occurrence of prec ipitat ion. This suggested thatw ell-structuredsub-a lpine dark brown coniferous forests could mi prove rain w ater permeab ility into so il and facilitatew atermovement intothe adjacent rivers, byw hich the forest regulated the run-off process and w ater discharge into the river.
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Key words:
- hydrogen and oxygen stab le isotope
- / prec ip itat ion
- / riverw ater
- / run??of
- / f snow me lt ing
- / forestw atershed
- / W olong
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