中亚热带地区几个树种树干茎流的养分特征研究
Nutr ient Character istics of Stem-Flow in D ifferentTree Spec ies in M iddle Subtropics
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摘要: 对湖南株洲22～25年生的樟树、火炬松、槲栎、醉香含笑4个树种树干茎流及林外大气降水中N、P、SiO2、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、和Mn 9种养分元素含量进行了为期一年的测定。结果表明:不同月份大气降水养分元素含量不同,各元素各月平均含量按大小排序为Ca >NH4-N > SiO2 > Zn > K >NO3-N >Mg > Fe >Mn > P >Cu;大气降水经过林冠层后,树干茎流中各养分元素含量变化基本一致,均表现季节动态变化,相对于大气降水,大多数元素含量增加;不同树种间树干茎流养分特征表现不同,按总含量值排序依次为火炬松、槲栎、樟树、醉香含笑;不同养分元素之间的相对含量也表现出较大的差别,NH4-N、Ca、K、SiO2含量最高,Mg、NO3-N、Zn、Mn含量居中, P、Fe、Cu含量最低。与大气降水相比, 4个树种茎流共同表现为, Cu的含量变化较小,其它元素含量均有较大的变化,其中樟树茎流中Zn,SiO2 , Fe, Cu;火炬松、槲栎茎流中Zn, Fe;醉香含笑茎流中Zn为负淋洗, 4个树种对Zn的负淋洗表现的尤为显著。Abstract: The concentrations of 9 nutrient elements (N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、SiO2 ) in stem-flow, and rainfallwere measured in 22～25 years old Cinnam om um cam phora, Pinus taeda, Quercus a liena,M ichelia m acclurei from Ap ril of 2003 to July of 2004 at Zhuzhou. The results showed: the concentrations of the nutrients in rainfall varied according to the month; The concentration sequence of the nutrient elements in p recip itation were follows: Ca >NH4-N > SiO2 > Zn > K >NO3-N >Mg > Fe >Mn > P > Cu; The concentrations of the nutrients in stem-flow also variedin the same way and changed seasonally. Compared with that in p recip itation, most of them increased; The nutrientcharacteristics of stem-flow for different tree species differed significantly and the concentration sequence of the totalnutrient elements in stem-flow were follows: Pinus taeda, Quercus aliena、Cinnam om um cam phora, M ichelia m acclurei; Proportion of nutrient in stem-flow of different nutrient elements also differed significantly among all nutrientsanalysed. It was found that the highest concentration was for NH4-N, Ca, K, SiO2 , middle forMg,NO3-N, Zn,Mn,and the lowest for P, Fe, Cu; Compared with atmospheric p recip itation, the stem2flow of four tree species togetherperformance were, the concentration of Cu nearly did not change, other element content had a bigger change, Cinnam om um cam phora stem-flow Zn, SiO2 , Fe, Cu; Pinus taeda, Quercus aliena stem-flow Zn, Fe; M ichelia m acclureistem-flow Zn were lower than those in p recip itation, significant variation was especially noted for Zn in the four treespecies
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Key words:
- precip itation
- / stem-flow
- / nutrient concentration
- / sub-tropic zone
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