南亚热带6种人工林凋落物的初步研究
A Prelim inary Study on L itter Fa lls of Six Kinds ofPlanta tions in the Tropica l South Asia
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摘要: 2006年5月至2007年4月在广西凭祥市中国林科院热带林业实验中心伏波实验场,采用塑料网框收集法对米老排、西南桦、红椎、火力楠、马尾松、杉木6种人工林分凋落物的凋落量及凋落节律进行了研究,结果表明:不同树种林分凋落物的动态变化规律不同,凋落量也各异。在6种林分中,叶、杂物的凋落量以米老排最高,分别达4 748. 23、1 881. 07 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ,西南桦最低,分别为2 641. 32、153. 88 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ;枝凋落量以马尾松最高,达902. 94 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ,杉木最低,仅149. 93 kg·hm-2 ·a-1。林分的年总凋落量也以米老排最高,达7 095. 76kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ,西南桦最低,仅3 309. 05 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ,米老排林分的年总凋落量是西南桦的2. 14倍,而红椎、杉木、马尾松、火力楠4种林分的年总凋落量比较相近,为5 555. 61～5 864. 87 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ,相差不足6%。6种林分年总凋落量的差异极显著,多重比较显示,米老排与另外5个树种比较都达到了极显著差异,红椎和杉木与西南桦、火力楠、马尾松比较达极显著差异;火力楠、马尾松与西南桦比较达极显著差异。Abstract: The amount and rhythm of litter falls inM ytilaria laosensis, B etu la a lnoides, Castanopsis hystrix, M icheliam acclurei, Pinus m assoniana, and Cunningham ia lanceola ta p lantations located at Experimental Center of Trop icalForestry, CAF, were studied. The results showed that there existed different dynamic change and litter fall amountfor different tree p lantation. Among 6 stands, M ytilaria laosensis had the most leaf and miscellaneous litter falls,which were 4 748. 23 and 1 881. 07 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 , and B etula alnoides had the lowest, which were 2 641. 32 and153. 88 kg·hm-2 ·a-1. Pinusm assoniana had the most leaf litter fall, which was 902. 94 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 , whileCunningham ia lanceolata the lowest, which were 149. 93 kg·hm-2 ·a-1. For annual total litter fall amount,M ytilaria laosensis was the highest (7 095. 76 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ) and B etula alnoides the lowest (3 309. 05 kg·hm-2 ·a-1 ). The annual total litter fall amounts of Castanopsis hystrix, M ichelia m acclurei, Pinusm asson iana, andCunningham ia lanceolata were similar, ranged between 5 555. 61 - 5 864. 87 kg·hm-2 ·a-1. The ANOVA resultsof the annual total litter fall amount showed that there existed extremely significant differences among tree species.By multip le comparisons, it was showed that there existed extremely significant difference in annual total litter fall amount betweenM y tila ria laosensis and the other 5 species, between Castanopsis hystrix, Cunn ingham ia lanceolataand B etula alnoides and M ichelia m acclurei and Pinus m asson iana, and between M ichelia m acclu rei, Pinusm assoniana and B etula alnoides.
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Key words:
- trop ical South Asia
- / p lantation
- / litter fall amount
- / litter falling rhythm
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