水曲柳林冠的降水截留特征
Study on Canopy Interception of F raxinus m andshu rica
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摘要: 对水曲柳林冠在2003年5—9月的降水截留特征进行了野外测定与统计分析,结果表明:水曲柳林分林冠截留量为68. 77 mm,占同期降水量的17. 41%;降水约按以下比例被再次分配:穿透降水72. 50% ,林冠截留17. 41% ,树干茎流10. 08%。模拟分析结果表明: Horton改进模型模拟精度高,参数物理意义较明确,水曲柳林冠吸附容量为0. 84 mm,区域降雨蒸发能力的参数值为11. 83% ,水曲柳林冠截留率随降水变化的曲线可分为快变期(截留率大于19. 0% ,降水量小于10 mm) 、渐变期(截留率19. 0%～12. 8% ,降水10～30 mm)和稳定期(截留率小于12. 8% ,降水大于30 mm) ,水曲柳林冠稳定截留率为12. 8%。Abstract: The relationship s between canopy intercep tion of Frax inus m andshurica Rup r. and rainfall were studiedfrom May to Sep tember in 2003 by surveying and statistic methods. The result showed that the canopy intercep tion ofFraxinus m andshu rica for rainfallwas 68. 77 mm, which accounted for 17. 41% of total rainfall in the same periods.The rainfall was redistributed by the p roportion of penetration 72. 50%, intercep tion 17. 41% and the stem flow10. 08%; the redistribution of rainfall by canopy could be simulated p recisely by the imp roved Horton model , thecanopy rainfall adsorp tion capacity of Fraxinus m andshurica was 0. 84 mm. The parameter which means coefficientof evaporation of canopy regionally was 0. 118 3. It was indicated that the curve of forest intercep tion with rainfallmarked 3 phase such as descent quickly phase ( intercep tion rate more than 19% while rainfall less than 10 mm) ,descent gradually phase ( intercep tion rate is in 19. 0% —12. 8% while rainfall 10—30 mm ) and stable phase( intercep tion rate less than 12. 8% while rainfall more than 30 mm) , which could exp lain the relationship s ofintercep tion with canopy geometry shape characteristics of Fraxinus m andshurica. The stable intercep tion rate was12. 8%.
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Key words:
- Frax inus m andshurica
- / canopy intercep tion
- / stem flow
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