华北平原农田毛白杨防护林蒸腾变化规律及其与气象因子的关系
Transpira tion Var ia tion of the Poplar Shelterbelts and Its Rela tion to theMeteorolog ica l Factors in the Cropland of North China Plain
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摘要: 于2007年主要生长季(4—9月) ,采用热扩散( TDP)技术测算了华北平原农田24年生毛白杨防护林带的蒸腾速率,分析了毛白杨蒸腾变化规律及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明: ( 1)在晴天日和阴天日,毛白杨蒸腾速率的日内变化都为单峰曲线趋势,而在多云日受太阳辐射剧烈变化的影响,为多峰曲线趋势。在4、5、6、7、8、9月份晴天日的单株日平均蒸腾速率分别为5. 44、7. 84、8. 05、7. 87、7. 26、7. 17 L ·h-1 ,在多云日分别为4. 10、5. 87、6. 84、6. 68、6. 49、5. 88 L·h-1 ,在阴天日分别为4. 33、3. 56、4. 14、5. 90、3. 39、2. 66 L·h-1。(2)毛白杨林带蒸腾量的日际变化或季节变化明显,从4月份开始逐渐升高, 5月份由于受林网内农作物灌溉量加大的影响,蒸腾量与6、7月份基本持平, 8、9月份逐渐降低。在2007年主要生长季(4—9月) ,林带蒸腾总量为488. 016 mm, 4—9月各月蒸腾量所占生长季总蒸腾量的比例分别为11. 17%、18. 71%、19. 30%、19. 29%、16. 66%、14. 88%。(3)主要生长期内,毛白杨蒸腾速率与同步观测得到的太阳辐射、空气温度、空气湿度和风速具有很好的复相关性,回归分析得到的相关模型可通过显著性检验(α = 0. 01) ;且计算偏相关系数表明,各月影响蒸腾速率的最主要气象因子均为太阳辐射。Abstract: The transp iration of 24-year-old Popu lus tom en tosa. shelterbelts was investigated by Thermal Dissipationsap flow velocity Probe ( TDP) in the crop land of north China p lain from Ap ril to Sep tember in 2007. The variationof transp iration and its relationship to meteorological factorswere studied. The main results are as follows : (1) Thediurnal variations of transp iration demonstrated a single-peak curve in fine and cloudy day in the main growingseason, but in the overcast day, it demonstrated a several-peak at the main growing season. And from Ap ril toSep tember, the average velocity of transp iration per tree were 5. 44, 7. 84, 8. 05, 7. 87, 7. 26 and 7. 17 L · h-1 inthe fine days, 4. 10, 5. 87, 6. 84, 6. 68, 6. 49 and 5. 88 L·h-1 in overcast days, 4. 33, 3. 56, 4. 14, 5. 90, 3. 39 and2. 66 L·h-1 in the cloudy days。(2) The daily variations of the sheltbelt transp iration ( Tr) was characterized withthat it rose gradually in Ap ril, and reaches a peak during aboutMay, June and July, fell down was readily in Augand Sep. In the growing season ( 4—9 ) , the total Tr ( ToTr) was 488. 02 mm, and the ratios of the monthly sheltbelt transp iration to the ToTr was 11. 17% , 18. 71% , 19. 30% , 19. 29% , 16. 66% and 14. 88%. ( 3) In allmonths during the growth season of 2007, the transp iration showed significantly compound correlated with the solarradiation (Ra) , air temperature, air relative humidity and wind speed (α = 0. 01) , and Ra was the most importantmeteorological factor effecting on transp iration through comparing the partial coefficient.
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Key words:
- pop lar shelterbelts
- / Thermal Dissipation Probe ( TDP)
- / transp iration
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