铬污染地区植物重金属含量特征与耐性植物筛选研究
Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Plants Growing on Cr Contaminated Area and Cr-Tolerant Plants Screening
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摘要: 通过研究浙江温州某制革区土壤与植物重金属含量及其与土壤污染之间的关系,初步筛选了适合于土壤铬污染生态修复的植物种质资源。调查共记录25种高等植物,分属13科。主要优势物种有:狗牙根、灰绿藜、藿香蓟、牛蘩缕、牛筋草、蔊菜、反枝苋和四季竹。狗牙根、灰绿藜、牛筋草、蔊菜和反枝苋宜作为Cr污染土壤生态修复的先锋植物。污染区Cr耐性植物地上部分的Cr含量为110.26~774.05 mg·kg-1,平均值为280.95 mg·kg-1;根部Cr含量为774.05~2 334.56 mg·kg-1,平均值为1 229.75 mg·kg-1。狗牙根积累的Cr含量最高,地上部分与根分别为774.05、2 334.56 mg·kg-1。植物体中的重金属含量与土壤重金属含量呈弱相关性,而植物地上部分Cr含量与根部Cr含量以及地上部分Cr富集系数与根Cr富集系数均呈显著正相关,地上部分富集系数越大,根的富集能力越高。Abstract: The research focused on heavy metal concentrations of soil and plants in Wenzhou’s tanning zone in Zhejiang Province of East China and relationship with soil pollution. The available plant germplasm resources for Cr contaminated soil restoration were initially definited. Twenty-five species belonging to 13 families were found in the polluted area, including 8 dominant species: Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Chenopodium glaucum Linn., Ageratum conyzoides Linn., Malachium aquaticum (L.) Fries, Eleusine indica (Linn.) Gaertn., Rorippa indica (Linn.) Hiern, Amaranthus retroflexus Linn. and Oligostachyum lubricum (Wen) Keng f. The investigation showed that Cynodon dactylon (Linn) Pers., Chenopodium glaucum, Eleusine indica (Linn) Gaertn, Rorippa montana (Linn) Hiern, Amaranthus retroflexus Linn. were the adaptive pioneer species for soil ecological restoration. Cr concentrations in the aboveground were 110.26-774.05 mg·kg-1, and the average value was 280.95 mg·kg-1;concentrations in roots were 774.05-2 334.56 mg·kg-1, the average value was 1 229.75 mg·kg-1. Cr concentrations in the aboveground and root of Cynodon dactylon were the highest, 774.05 mg·kg-1 and 2 334.56 mg·kg-1, respectively. According to correlation analysis, the heavy metal content in aboveground plants and the roots had weak correlation with the content in soil. The result of regressive analysis indicated that the root content and bioaccmulation coefficients of Cr was both closely associated with the aboveground plants. The root bioaccmulation coefficients were enhanced with the increased aboveground plants.
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Key words:
- Cr
- / plant
- / heavy metal
- / contamination
- / screening
- / ecological remediation
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