长白落叶松纸浆材优良家系多性状联合选择研究
Research on Multi-trait Selection of the Superior Families of Larix olgensis Pulpwood
-
摘要: 采用胸径木芯与伐倒木取样方法,对24年生长白落叶松优树子代测定林14个处理的生长性状、木芯材质性状、解析木材质性状及其制浆造纸特性进行了研究,结果表明:生长性状、木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状均存在丰富的变异;家系间生长性状差异极显著;木芯基本密度、木芯管胞性状差异显著,家系遗传力在0.56~0.80之间;解析木基本密度、早材微纤丝角、管胞长度、早材壁腔比、木质素、阿拉伯糖含量、抗张强度、撕裂度等差异极显著,家系遗传力在0.64~0.86之间;晚材率、管胞长宽比、综纤维素含量等差异显著,家系遗传力在0.51~0.61,家系水平的材性改良潜力较大。生长性状与木芯管胞长度呈极显著正相关,与木芯基本密度、管胞长宽比相关不显著;木芯基本密度、管胞长度、管胞宽度以及管胞长宽比与解析木相应性状呈极显著正相关关系,且回归模型较为理想,可以利用胸径木芯各性状值预测其单株值,间接选择和评价纸浆材优良家系。通过生长性状、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比综合分析选出166、169为优良家系,根据解析木生长、材质以及纸张物理性状选出的优良家系与其结果一致。优良家系材积、木芯基本密度和木芯管胞长宽比的遗传增益(超过对照)分别为48.34%(38.80%)、14.01%(3.63%)和19.89%(6.42%)。Abstract: By DBH wood core sampling method and the felled-wood sampling method, 14 open-pollinated families of the 24-year-old Larix olgensis progeny testing forest were sampled as the research object, whose growth traits, material quality traits of increment core, material quality traits of analytic wood and pulping and paper-making traits were the significant criteria. The results proved that there were abundant variations in growth traits, wood basic density and wood core fiber traits; the differences in growth trait among families were very significant; the differences in wood basic density and wood core fiber trait were both significant, and the heritability among families was between 0.56 to 0.80; there were very significant differences among families in basic density of analytic trees, the microfibril angle of early wood, tracheid length, wall cavity ratio of early wood, lignin, arabinose content, tensile strength, tearing strength, and the heritability among families was between 0.64 to 0.86; there were significant differences in latewood percentage, ratio of tracheid length to width, holocellulose content, the heritability among families was between 0.51 to 0.61, and there was great potential for improving the family trait levels. The growth traits were positively and very significantly correlated with wood fiber length and insignificantly correlated with wood basic density and the ratio of fiber length to width; the wood basic density, wood fiber length, width and the ratio of fiber length to width were positively and very significantly correlated with the correspondent traits of the analytic wood. In addition, the regression model based on this correlation was more ideal, and it could enable to predict the value of a single plant by use of each trait value of DBH increment core and directly select and evaluate the superior families of pulpwood. As a result of the research, the Family 166 and Family 169 were selected as the superior families according to the criteria of growth traits, wood basic density and the ratio of the fiber length to width of increment core. This result is in line with the ones selected out according to analytic wood growth traits, timber quality traits and paper sheet physical traits. The genetic gains of the timber volume, the wood basic density and the ratio of fiber length to width of increment core were 48.34%, 14.01% and 19.89% respectively and the three trait values above were larger than the correspondent contrasts by 38.80%, 3.63% and 6.42%.
-
Key words:
- Larix olgensis
- / open-pollination
- / pulpwood
- / genetic variations
- / combination selection
-
[1] 张平冬,姚 胜,康向阳,等. 三倍体毛白杨超短轮伐纸浆材基本密度及化学成分分析[J].林业科学,2011,47(11):133-138 [2] 全金英.纤维性质对成纸性能的影响[J].林产工业,1997,24(6):11-15 [3] Megraw R A. Wood Quality Factors in Loblolly Pine[M]. Georgia:TAPPI Press Atlanta,1985 [4] Lasserre J P,Mason E G,Watt M S,et al. Influence of initial planting spacing and genotype on microfibril angle,wood density,fibre properties and modulus of elasticity in Pinus radiate D.Don corewood[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2009,258:1924-1931 [5] 石淑兰,谢新良,胡惠仁,等. 不同树龄日本落叶松的化学组成与制浆特性[J].林业科学,2006,42(6):90-94 [6] 李贤军,刘 元,吴义强. 火炬松纸浆材化学成分及其在树干高度上的变异规律[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27(4):104-107 [7] 叶志宏,张敬源. 杉木木材材性的遗传和变异研究[J].南京林学院学报,1987(3):1-11 [8] 周志春,王章荣,陈天华,等.马尾松木材性状株内变异与木材取样方法的探讨[J].南京林学院学报,1988(4):52-60 [9] 成俊卿,李源哲,孙成志. 人工林及天然林长白落叶松木材材性比较试验研究[J].林业科学,1962(1):18-27 [10] 张含国,张殿福,李希才,等. 长白落叶松自由授粉家系生长和材性遗传变异及性状相关的研究[J].林业科技,1995,20(6):1-5 [11] 张含国,周显昌,田松岩,等. 长白落叶松生长和材质性状地理变异的研究[J].林业科技,1996,21(5):5-8 [12] 刘一星,杨书文,杨传平,等. 长白落叶松木材性质的地理变异与优良种源选择的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1991,19:54-61 [13] 董 健,田志和,王喜武,等. 长白落叶松纸浆材造纸性能及工艺成熟期的研究[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1995,26(4):392-398 [14] WANG Shu-li,WEN Jing,YANG Zhen,et al.Effects site conditions on industrial fiber plantations of Larix olgensis[J]. Journal of Forestry Research,2006,17(3):255-258 [15] Smith D M. A comparsion of two methods for determining the specific gravity of small wood samples of second-growth Douglas-fir. Madison, Wis.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1955 [16] 陆文达. 落叶松资源及利用[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,1993 [17] 石淑兰. 制浆造纸分析与检测[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2003 [18] 陈晓阳,沈熙环. 林木育种学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005 [19] 唐启义. DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2007 [20] 白默飞,刘盛全,周 亮,等. 兴安落叶松管胞形态特征和微纤丝角及其径向变异的研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2009,36(2): 189 -193 [21] 汪贵斌,曹福亮,柳学军,等. 落羽杉种源木材微纤丝角和管胞形态的变异[J].林业科学,2007,43( 6):118-122 [22] 沈熙环. 种子园技术[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1992 [23] Kempthorne O,Nordskog A W. Restricted selection indices[J].Biometrics,1959,15(1): 10-19 [24] Cotterill P P,Dean C A. Successful Tree Breeding With Index Selection[M].Melbourne:Print Advisory Service,1990 [25] 周志春,金国庆,周世水. 马尾松自由授粉家系生长和材质的遗传分析及联合选择[J].林业科学研究,1994,7(3):264-268 [26] 孙晓梅,张守攻,李时元,等. 日本落叶松纸浆材优良家系多性状联合选择[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):48-54 [27] 姜笑梅,张立非,张绮纹,等. 36个美洲黑杨无性系基本材性遗传变异的研究[J]. 林业科学研究,1994,7(3): 253-257 [28] 邓继峰,张含国,张 磊,等. 杂种落叶松F2代自由授粉家系纸浆材遗传变异及多性状联合选择[J].林业科学,2011,47(5):31-39 [29] 赵荣军,冯德君,雷亚芳. 油松半同胞子代及亲本木材生长轮宽度与密度的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2000,15(3):16-19 [30] 祝泽兵,刘桂丰,姜 静,等. 小兴安岭地区白桦纸浆材优良家系选择[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(11):1-10
计量
- 文章访问数: 3071
- HTML全文浏览量: 259
- PDF下载量: 1419
- 被引次数: 0