枫香同工酶遗传多样性分析
Genetic Diversity of Allozyme Markers of Liquidambar formosana Hance
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摘要: 对取自枫香16个群体的幼嫩叶片样品采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺电泳技术进行了同工酶分析。结果表明:(1)群体间的遗传结构差异显著。在所分析的6个酶系统共6个位点中,各个位点的等位基因频率变化从0 1不等, 16个群体中有9个群体存在稀有基因,6个群体存在特有基因,一共发现了4个稀有基因,3个特有基因;(2)枫香群体水平每位点等位基因数总平均为3个,每位点有效等位基因数总平均为1.855 7个,多态位点百分率总平均为100%,观察杂合度总平均为0.582,期望杂合度总平均为0.443, Shannon信息指数总平均为0.711 0。从整体上看,群体内的杂合子超过了哈代-温伯格平衡所要求的比例,杂合子过量。(3)UPGMA聚类分析显示,枫香16个群体中分为2大类,第1大类就是福建建瓯,其他15个群体即为第2大类。在第2大类中遗传距离较远的群体是重庆丰都、安徽黄山,它们与本类群体中其他13个群体的遗传距离较远,而该13个群体间的遗传距离较近,因此可以看出,福建建瓯与其他群体间的遗传距离是最远的,16个群体基本上呈现按地理距离聚类的趋势,与地理分布格局较吻合。Abstract: The leaf samples from 16 Liquidambar formosana Hance populations were analyzed to study allozyme diversity using vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and 6 loci of 6 enzyme systems were recorded. The results showed:(1) The genetic structures were different among populations. Allele frequencies ranged from 0-1.00, 4 rare genes and 3 unique genes were found in the assayed populations. At least 1 rare gene was found in 9 populations and 1 unique gene in 6 populations. (2) At species level, the mean number of alleles per locus was 3, the mean number of effective alleles per locus was 1.855 7, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 100%, and the observed heterozygosity was 0.582, the expected heterozygosity was 0.443, the mean value of Shannon index was 0.711 0. Overall, the proportion of heterozygotes within these populations was excessive. (3) According to the UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance, the populations were classified into two groups, the Jian'ou population was clearly separated from all other populations by a large distance from other populations, and the rest 15 populations forming a big group, in which the populations of Fengdu and Huangshan were more distant from the other 13 populations, and genetic distances among the 13 populations were smaller from each other. The grouping of populations by cluster analysis was generally in consistence with the pattern of geographic distribution of the populations.
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Key words:
- Liquidambar formosana
- / allozyme
- / genetic diversity
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