植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

王春国; 陈成彬; 宋文芹

植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

1.
南开大学生命科学学院, 天津 300071
基金项目:
国家"973"计划项目(2009CB119105);国家自然科学基金(31371249)
中图分类号: S718.46

Review of the Research Associated with Heterosis and Polyploidization in Plants

1.
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
CLC number: S718.46

摘要: 在植物进化及物种形成过程中,通过2个亲本的杂交可以使后代表现出速生、高产、高抗逆等优于亲本的性状,形成杂种优势;而通过同源或异源基因组加倍,也可使植物表现出明显优于亲本的生长发育性状或环境适应力,形成多倍体优势。因此,杂交及基因组多倍化被认为是推动植物进化和物种形成的2个主要驱动力。杂种优势及基因组多倍体优势已在农业生产实践中得到广泛应用,并产生巨大价值。基于此,探究植物杂交优势、基因组多倍体优势具有重大理论意义和应用价值,历来受到研究者的高度关注。目前,这方面的研究特别是有关杂种优势及基因组多倍化分子机制方面的研究已取得若干重大进展,本文旨在对这些研究成果进行概述,并对今后在木本植物中开展相关研究进行展望。
- 杂种优势
- / 多倍化
- / 木本植物
Abstract: During the process of evolution and formation of new plant species, the hybridization of two parent lines can produce F1 offspring with more excellent traits e.g. fast growing, high yielding and strong environmental adaptability. This is named heterosis or hybrid vigor. In addition, based on the polyploidization of homologous or heterogenous genomes, the polyploid plants can aslo show some traits which are superior to their parent lines. Consequently, hybridization and polyploidization have been regarded as the most important driving forces to promote plant evolution and formation of species. Moreover, heterosis and polyploidization have been widely used in agriculture, and bring enormous economic and social value. It suggests that it is very important and valuable to explore the nature basis of heterosis and polyploidization in plants which have attracted much attention. During the past years, rapid progress was made in the research associated with heterosis and polyploidization. This review aims at summarizing the research progress, and discussing the present and future research on heterosis and polyploidization of woody plants.
- heterosis
- / polyploidization
- / woody plant

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植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

Review of the Research Associated with Heterosis and Polyploidization in Plants

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植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

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Review of the Research Associated with Heterosis and Polyploidization in Plants

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植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

Review of the Research Associated with Heterosis and Polyploidization in Plants

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植物杂种优势及基因组多倍化机制研究概述

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Review of the Research Associated with Heterosis and Polyploidization in Plants

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