窄冠刺槐幼林树体管理技术研究
Study on Stem Management Techniques for Young Plantation of Robinia pseudoacacia cl.‘Zhaiguan’
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摘要: 在河南省民权林场进行窄冠刺槐带干苗和截干苗造林试验和截干苗造林后幼林不同树体管理方法试验，结果表明：（1）北方地区培育窄冠刺槐速生丰产林，宜采用截干苗造林，截干苗造林成活率比带干苗的高9.26%，造林当年、第2年和第3年的树高分别增加13.6%、11.1%和11.4%，且差异均极显著（PP>0.05）；（2）带干苗造林会发生死干现象，死干率高达52.30%，极大影响干形；（3）截干苗造林当年采取任何树体管理措施包括定株、抹芽及短截竞争枝都会降低窄冠刺槐造林当年的的胸径和树高生长量，生长量表现为不定株、不抹芽>定株、不抹芽>定株、抹芽，这种对生长的负面影响在造林后第3年会减弱或消除；（4）截干造林当年不采取任何树体管理措施，于当年冬季或第2年初春树液流动前进行去萌留主干并去除顶端竞争枝，可获得最大的胸径和树高生长量并可以保持良好干形。Abstract: A study was conducted on Robinia pseudoacacia cl.‘Zhaiguan’ for its afforestation with truncated and un-truncated stocks, and the stem management measures for its young plantation made by truncated stocks, such as singling of sprouts, removal of lateral buds or pruning at Minquan Forest Farm in He'nan Province. The following results and conclusions were achieved in the study: (1) The appropriate type of planting stock for establishing fast-grow and high yielding R. pseudoacacia cl. ‘Zhaiguan’ plantation is the truncated stock, as compared with the plantation made by un-truncated stocks, the survival rate of plantation made by truncated stock was 9.50% higher, and the height growth in the current year, the second year and the third year after planting were 13.6%, 11.1% and 11.4% higher. (2) The mortality for stem of survived trees reached 52.30% as the plantation made by un-truncated stocks. (3) Any stem management measures in grown season of the current year, such as singling of sprouts, removal of lateral buds or cutting short of competitive branches, could reduce the DBH and height growth of R. pseudoacacia cl. ‘Zhaiguan’ in the current year if the plantation is made by truncated stocks, as the growth performance of young plantation appeared no singling of sprouts + no removal of lateral buds>singling of sprouts + no removal of lateral buds> singling of sprouts + removal of lateral buds, but the negative impact on growth would weaken or eliminate in the third years after planting. (4) The maximum DBH and height growth and good stem form of 3-year-old plantation would be gained, when cutting off the competitive branch on top crown of trees in the winter of the current year or early next spring before growing season while no any stem management measures were conducted after planting with the truncated stocks in grown season of the current year.
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