窄冠刺槐无性系根段扦插育苗研究
Study on Cutting Propagation of Robinia pseudoacacia Clones
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摘要: 为提高窄冠刺槐无性系的育苗合格率, 在河南孟州开展了刺槐无性系根段扦插育苗技术研究, 采用随机区组设计, 对平埋、斜插、直插3种扦插方法, 0.30.5、0.50.7、0.70.9 cm 3种扦插根段直径, 4、6、8、10 cm 4种扦插根段长度的出苗率、地径大于1 cm的合格苗率以及苗木生长进行了试验研究。结果表明:平埋、斜插、直插3种扦插方法对苗木径生长影响很小, 采用直插的苗高显著大于平埋和斜插, 分别增加11.5%和4.5%, 平埋的出苗率比直埋和斜插低10.45%11.23%, 且差异极显著(P < 0.01);扦插根段的长度和直径对苗木的径生长和高生长均无显著影响, 但对出苗率和地径大于1 cm的合格苗率有显著影响, 根段直径越大、根长越长, 出苗率和合格苗率越高;根段长度为10 cm, 根段直径大于0.5 cm, 其合格苗率最高, 为60%左右, 根段长度为8 cm, 根段直径大于0.5 cm, 合格苗率次之, 为50%左右, 根段长度小于6 cm, 直径小于0.5 cm的合格苗率小于40%。因此, 窄冠刺槐无性系进行根段扦插育苗时, 应采用直插法扦插, 根段长度选择0.8 cm以上, 根段直径选择0.5 cm以上, 可使合格苗可达50%以上。Abstract: Study on cutting propagation technology of black locust clones was carried out in Henan province in order to improve the qualified rate of seedlings. Survival rate, qualified rate, ground diameter and height of seedlings was studied under diameter and length of root segments and planting methods, obtained the following results and conclusions: The ground diameter of clonal seedlings by three planting methods including buried, oblique cuttage and vertical cuttage was the same. The seedling height planted by vertical cuttage increased 11.5% and 4.5% respectively than that by buried and oblique cuttage, and the survival rate of seedlings by buried was significantly lower 10.45%11.23% than that by oblique cuttage and vertical cottage. Different diameter and length of root segments had great influences on survival rates but had no influences on growth for clonal seedlings. The diameter and height of root segments was larger, the survival rate and qualified rate of clonal seedlings was higher. Using root segments that diameter was larger than 0.5 cm, length was 10 cm to propagation, it could obtain much higher qualified rate which was about 60% at the end of growing season. Using root segments that diameter was larger than 0.5 cm, length was 8 cm to propagation, the qualified rate was about 50%. Using root segments that diameter was less than 0.5 cm, length was less than 6 cm to propagation, the qualified rate was lower than 40%. Therefore, for cutting propagation of black locust clones, should use vertical cuttage, and length and diameter of root segment should be more than 0.8 cm, and 0.5 cm, in this way, the qualified seedling can reach more than 50%.
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Key words:
- black locust
- / clone
- / cutting propagation
- / diameter of root segments
- / length of root segments
- / planting methods
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