小陇山2种典型天然林空间结构参数分布特征
Distribution Characteristics of Two Typical Natural Forest Spatial Structure Parameters in Xiaolongshan
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摘要: 采用林分空间结构参数一元分布、二元分布、林分综合指数和距离分析方法,探讨小陇山林区2种典型天然林空间结构特征。结果显示:(1)油松天然林混交度为0.397,树种隔离程度较低,锐齿栎天然林混交度为0.797,混交良好,油松、锐齿栎天然林胸径大小比数分别为0.507、0.485,林分均处于中庸状态,角尺度分别为0.511、0.508,林木分布格局均属随机分布。(2)油松、锐齿栎天然林中相同混交程度或优劣程度的林木大多处于随机分布,相同混交程度或分布格局的林木处于不同优劣程度的林木大致相等。区别在于油松天然林中同一优劣程度或分布格局的林木大多与同种相邻,而锐齿栎天然林中同一优劣程度或分布格局林木大多处于强度和极强度混交。(3)油松、锐齿栎天然林林分空间结构指数(FSSI)分别为0.526、0.739,林分空间结构距离(FSSD)分别为0.788、0.576,锐齿栎林空间结构明显优于油松林。FSSI和FSSD具有极显著的线性关系,FSSD=-1.481 5×FSSI+1.625 7,R2=0.990 6(P < 0.01),二者在表述林分空间结构方面具有较强的一致性。研究表明:二元分布、林分空间结构指数和距离分别是从林木水平和样地水平研究林分空间结构较为有效的方法,可为小陇山林区林分微观结构分析和精细的结构调整提供新途径。Abstract: Using univariate distribution, bivariate distribution, forest spatial structure index and distance, the structural characteristics of two typically natural forests located at Xiaolongshan of Gansu Province were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) The average mingling value of Pinus tabuliformis natural forest was 0.397 and badly mixed, while Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata natural forest's was 0.797 and well segregated. The DBH dominances of P. tabuliformis and Q. aliena var. acuteserrata were 0.507 and 0.485 separately, the state of each forest belonged to medium. The average uniform angle index values of them were 0.511 and 0.508 respectively, both were random distribution. (2) In P. tabuliformis and Q. aliena var. acuteserrata natural forests, most trees with same mingling class or dominance degree were randomly distributed, and the trees with same mingling class or distribution pattern were basically equal at different dominance degrees. The main difference was that in P. tabuliformis natural forests, the trees with same dominance degree or distribution pattern were almost surrounded by the same species while In Q. aliena var. acuteserrata natural forest, they were well mixed. (3) In both P. tabuliformis and Q. aliena var. acuteserrata natural forest, the forest spatial structure index (FSSI) were 0.526 and 0.739 respectively, forest spatial structure distance (FSSD) were 0.788 and 0.576 separately, the spatial structure of the latter was better than that of the former obviously. The FSSI and FSSD had a very significant linear relationship, FSSD= -1.481 5×FSSI+1.625 7, R2=0.990 6 (P < 0.01), and strong consistency in terms of expression stand spatial structure. It can be concluded that the bivariate distribution, forest spatial structure index and distance can be used to quantitatively analyze the forest microstructure distribution characteristics from two different levels, and provide a new way to accurate structure adjustment for Xiaolongshan.
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