豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

何春霞; 张劲松; 黄辉; 孟平; 樊巍

豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

1.
中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 国家林业局林木培育重点实验室, 北京 100091
2.
南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210037
3.
河南省林业科学研究院, 河南郑州 450008
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目(31170409,31100321);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(RIF2013-08)
中图分类号: S792.113

Water Use Efficiency of Three Poplar-Wheat Intercropping Systems in Yudong Plain of He'nan Province

1.
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Collaborative-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
3.
He'nan Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou 450008, He'nan, China
CLC number: S792.113

摘要: 农林复合系统的林木和作物会充分利用水肥光热等资源,但搭配不合理也可能产生资源竞争,其中,种间水分竞争尤为突出。本文在冬小麦4个生育期内采用稳定碳同位素技术研究了豫东平原2年生、6年生和15年生3个间作模式的杨树-小麦复合系统的水分利用状况。结果表明:3种间作模式杨树和小麦的δ13C(稳定碳同位素比率)和WUE(水分利用效率)均总体表现为小麦拔节期最高。在整个小麦生育期(拔节期除外),2年生杨树的δ13C和WUE都显著高于6年生和15年生杨树。在小麦返青期,相比其他模式,2年生杨树间作小麦的δ13C和WUE最高;在拔节期、开花期和成熟期则均为单作小麦显著高于3种间作模式小麦。单作小麦的耗水量比与2年生杨树间作的小麦低25.71%,但分别是与6年生和15年生杨树间作小麦耗水量的2.78和1.88倍。3种林龄杨树-小麦间作模式总体都表现为树行中间和西侧的小麦WUE和耗水量大于树行东侧。2年生杨树间作小麦的株高、LMA(比叶重)、产量、总生物量、总耗水量和LER(土地当量)均高于单作小麦和其他模式间作小麦;但单作小麦的千粒质量、收获指数和产量水分利用效率则最大。2年生杨树-小麦间作模式的产量和土地利用率最高,但随着杨树的长大,间作模式内不再适合种植小麦,可替代种植一些耐荫作物。
- 农林复合
- / δ¹³C
- / 水分利用效率
- / 耗水量
- / 产量
Abstract: In agroforestry system, trees and crops can make the best use of resources, such as water, nutrient, irradiance and so on. However, competition, particularly the water competition, may occur when the species configuration is not appropriate. The water use of 2-, 6-, and 15-year-old poplar-wheat intercropping systems at four growth period of winter wheat in Yudong Plain area of He'nan Province was studied by using stable carbon isotope technique. The water use efficiency (WUE) and water use quantity (WU) were calculated by using the stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13C), biomass and meteorological data. The results showed that the δ13C and WUE of both poplar and wheat from all the systems showed the highest values at the jointing stages of wheat. Two-year-old poplar had the highest δ13C and WUE values among the three intercropping systems during the whole wheat growth period (except the jointing stage). The δ13C and WUE of wheat from 2-year-old poplar-wheat intercropping was the highest among all the four systems at the seedling establishment stages, while that of sole wheat were the highest during the following growth periods in jointing, flowering-filling and maturing. The water use of sole wheat was 25.71% less than that of 2-year-old poplar intercropped with wheat, but was 2.78 and 1.88 times that of 6-year-old and 15-year-old poplar intercropped with wheat, respectively. The WUE and WU of wheat in all the three intercropping systems generally exhibited higher values at the middle and west of the tree rows than at the east. The wheat height, leaf mass per area, grain yield, total biomass, water use quantity and land equivalent ratio of 2-year-old poplar intercropped with wheat were higher than both sole wheat and wheat from the other two intercropping systems. However, the weight per thousand grain, harvest index and yield water use efficiency of sole wheat was the highest. The above results showed that 2-year-old poplar-wheat intercropping system had the greatest yield and highest land use efficiency. However, with the growing up of poplar trees, wheat is not appropriate to grow under the poplar, and some shade tolerant crop can be planted instead.
- agroforestry
- / δ¹³C
- / WUE
- / water use
- / grain yield

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豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

Water Use Efficiency of Three Poplar-Wheat Intercropping Systems in Yudong Plain of He'nan Province

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豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

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Water Use Efficiency of Three Poplar-Wheat Intercropping Systems in Yudong Plain of He'nan Province

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豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

Water Use Efficiency of Three Poplar-Wheat Intercropping Systems in Yudong Plain of He'nan Province

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豫东平原3种模式杨树-小麦复合系统水分利用效率的研究

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Water Use Efficiency of Three Poplar-Wheat Intercropping Systems in Yudong Plain of He'nan Province

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