荒漠植物白刺叶片气孔性状对模拟增雨的响应
Responses of Stomatal Traits of Desert Plant Nitraria tangutorum Leaves to Artificially Simulated Precipitation
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摘要: 为研究荒漠植物气孔性状对气候变化的响应以及对植物固碳能力的影响,根据内蒙古磴口多年平均降水量和植物生长规律,设计2个增雨时段(生长季前期与后期),每个时段设计2个增雨梯度(50%与100%),对天然白刺灌丛进行增雨实验,利用数码图像显微镜处理系统,研究叶片气孔大小、气孔密度及气孔导度等气孔性状对增雨的响应。结果表明:与对照相比,各增雨处理可以增加气孔长度、宽度与气孔导度,但孔密度减小,且叶片下表皮密度大于上表皮。相同增雨季节,100%处理对气孔大小、气孔密度及气孔导度的影响均高于50%处理,2个梯度间差异不显著;气孔大小与气孔导度对生长季前期增雨响应更敏感,气孔密度对不同生长季节增雨响应不明显;气孔性状之间存在一定的协调性。在未来降雨增加的条件下,荒漠植物可以通过改变气孔性状(扩大气孔)通路来提高固碳能力。Abstract: In order to study the responds of stomatal traits of desert plant to climate change and the effects on plant carbon sequestration capacity, the typical plants Nitraria tangutorum was chosen as research materials. According to annual average precipitation of Dengkou and the plant growth regulation, two precipitation enhancement period(early growing season and late growing season) were designed, each precipitation enhancement period with two rain enhancement gradient(50% and 100%), the artificial simulation of precipitation experiment to natural N. tangutorum shrubs was conducted. The stomata size, density and conductance of N. tangutorum leaves in different rainfall simulation treatment were studied with a Motic digital imaging microscope. The results showed that the precipitation treatments increased the stomata size(length and width) and stomata conductance of leaves compared with the control, on the contrary, the stomata density decrease in precipitation treatments, and the density of lower epidermis of leaves was greater than upper epidermis. For the same rainfall season, the effect on the stomata size, density and conductance in 100% treatment were higher than that of 50% treatment, however, no significant differences were found between the two gradient; the response of stomata size and stomata conductance of rainfall treatment in early growing season were more sensitive, while the response of stomata density was not obvious to rainfall treatment in different growing season; there was a certain coordination among stomatal traits. Under the conditions of the future increase of rainfall, the carbon sequestration capacity of desert plants can be improved by changing stomatal traits(expended stomatal channel).
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