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人类赖以生存、发展的生物多样性正在以空前的速度丧失和退化。生境破碎化是物种受威胁和濒危最重要的因素,全球82%的物种因此而遭受生存威胁[1-4]。为有效保护生物多样性,岛屿生物地理学、种群生存力分析和集合种群等理论、方法应运而生,但仅有集合种群理论在实际研究与应用中最成功,并成为生物多样性保护的重要指导理论和研究的前沿与热点[5-6]。集合种群、集合种群动态、集合种群在破碎景观中续存等概念逐渐被现代生态学接受、重视[7-12]。
虽然我国的生物多样性丰富,但破坏特别严重。随着70%以上天然林的消失,生境破碎化和丧失严重,33%以上的裸子植物处于濒危和稀有状态, 13%的被子植物受到生存威胁,采用新的理论与方法研究、探索生境破碎化趋势下的生物多样性保护已成为当前的紧迫任务[4, 6, 13]。
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