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营养与生殖是自然界生物生存繁衍的永恒主题,在长期的进化过程中,不同昆虫或同种昆虫的雌雄个体各自形成了特定的行为来完成营养摄取,实现种群繁衍[1-2]。对昆虫寄主选择、生殖等特定行为的研究为探索和理解昆虫与环境间互作的生态机制及协同进化过程创造了独特途径,同时也可为发展害虫行为调控的策略和方法提供了新的思路,因此昆虫特定行为的研究一直是昆虫学研究的重点和热点[3]。
“趋泥”(mud-puddling)行为是热带和亚热带地区蝶、蛾类鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)昆虫中一种较为常见的成虫聚集行为。迄今为止,国内外学者已对大量昆虫的趋泥行为进行了报道[4-7],但对于“昆虫为何趋泥?” “什么样的昆虫要趋泥?” “趋泥行为的生态学意义是什么?”等一系列关于昆虫趋泥行为的核心问题的回答是争论多于结论[7]。近年来,随着国内外学者对于昆虫趋泥行为研究的深入,与其相关的行为、生理及生态机制等领域均有一些新的进展[7-11],本文将对昆虫趋泥行为的研究历史、驱动力机制、泥源搜索机制及生理生态适应性等方面的研究进展进行综述,以为这一特定行为的研究提供参考。
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