Variations of Soil Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides Forest at Different Attitudes in Balangshan, Sichuan

HU Zong-da; LIU Shi-rong; SHI Zuo-min; LIU Xing-liang; HE Fei

Volume 25 Issue 3

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Variations of Soil Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides Forest at Different Attitudes in Balangshan, Sichuan

1.
Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
3.
Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2011-12-20

Abstract

Soil microbial biomass and nitrogen play important roles in forest ecosystem as the driving forces for the nutrient transformation. Therefore, the soil microbial biomass and nitrogen are used as important indexes to evaluate the effects of management on quality and function of soil ecosystem in the Quercus aquifolioides forest. However, few studies have been carried out on the spatial variability of soil nitrogen and microbial biomass in the same community in different attitudes. In the current study, the Q.aquifolioides forest in the southeast slope of Balang Mountain in West Sichuan was studied. The experimental design included three 50 m×80 m plots of Q. aquifolioides forest at the attitudes of 3 549 m, 3 091 m and 2 551 m respectively. This vertical variations and correlations of total organic carbon (TOC), nitrogen and soil microbial biomass in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30 cm) were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the contents of TOC, TOC stocks, total nitrogen (TN) and hydrolysable nitrogen in two layers (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm) at 3 549m and 3 091 m, but their contents were significantly higher than those in the Q. aquifolioides forest at 2 551 m, there is significant difference in NH4+-N in different soil layers at 3 549 m and 3 091 m compared with that at 2 551 m, and the NH4+-N content at 3 091 m was significantly higher than those in two layers at 3 549 m; the NO3--N content was not significant in two layers in three attitudes; there are no significant differences in soil total inorganic nitrogen content in the topsoil layers among the three attitudes, but with significant difference in the subsoil at 3 549 m and 3 091 m; the variation trend of soil microbial biomass carbon content in the topsoil layers was similar to that of TOC, but there were significant differences in soil microbial biomass carbon content in the subsoil at different attitudes; the soil microbial biomass nitrogen content in the topsoil was the highest at 3 091 m and there were no differences in the three attitudes, but the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen in the subsoil reduced with the reduce of the attitude, and the differences were not up to significant level. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the soil microbial biomass nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and TN were all very significantly positively correlated. The soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly correlated with the hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and TN. The pH was significantly correlated with the hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and soil microbial biomass nitrogen. NH4+-N was negatively correlated with pH.
- Quercus aquifolioides forest,
- altitudinal gradient,
- soil nitrogen,
- soil microbial biomass

References

[1]	Pregitzer K S, Euskirchen E S. Carbon cycling and storage in world forests: biome patterns related to forest age[J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, 10(12):2052-2077
[2]	Rustad L E, Huntington T G, Boone R D. Controls on soil respiration: Implications for climate change[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2000, 48(1):1-6
[3]	Fang C, Smith P, Moncrieff J B,et al. Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature[J]. Nature, 2005, 433(7021):57-59
[4]	Wagai R, Mayer L M, Kitayama K,et al. Climate and parent material controls on organic matter storage in surface soils: A three-pool, density-separation approach[J]. Geoderma, 2008, 147(1-2):23-33
[5]	Dixon R K, Solomon A M, Brown S,et al. Carbon Pools and Flux of Global Forest Ecosystems[J]. Science, 1994, 263(5144):185-190
[6]	Allen A S, Schlesinger W H. Nutrient limitations to soil microbial biomass and activity in loblolly pine forests[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2004, 36(4):581-589
[7]	Jia G M, Liu B R, Wang G,et al. The microbial biomass and activity in soil with shrub (Caragana korshinskii K.) plantation in the semi-arid loess plateau in China[J]. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2010, 46(1):6-10
[8]	Zhou J B, Chen X L, Zhang Y L,et al. Nitrogen released from different plant residues of the Loess Plateau and their additions on contents of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen in soil[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(3):123-128
[9]	刘爽, 王传宽. 五种温带森林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的时空格局[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(12):3135-3143
[10]	孟盈, 薛敬意, 沙丽清,等. 西双版纳不同热带森林下土壤铵态氮和硝态氮动态研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(1):99-104
[11]	邓小文, 韩士杰. 氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(10):1622-1627
[12]	Melillo J M, Steudler P A, Aber J D,et al. Soil Warming and Carbon-Cycle Feedbacks to the Climate System[J]. Science, 2002, 298(5601):2173-2176
[13]	Pan K, Xu Z, Blumfield T,et al. In situ mineral ¹⁵N dynamics and fate of added ¹⁵NH₄⁺in hoop pine plantation and adjacent native forest in subtropical Australia[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2008, 8(6):398-405
[14]	刘秉儒. 贺兰山东坡典型植物群落土壤微生物量碳、氮沿海拔梯度的变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(4):883-888
[15]	何友军, 王清奎, 汪思龙,等. 杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(12):2292-2296
[16]	刘占峰, 刘国华, 傅伯杰,等. 人工油松林(Pinus tabulaeformis)恢复过程中土壤微生物生物量C、N的变化特征[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(3):1011-1018
[17]	袁海伟, 苏以荣, 郑华,等. 喀斯特峰丛洼地不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳和氮素分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(10):1579-1584
[18]	姜汉侨. 云南植被分布的特点及其地带规律性(续)[J]. 云南植物研究, 1980, 2(2):142-151
[19]	吴金水, 林启美, 黄巧云,等. 土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M]. 北京: 气象出版社,2006
[20]	尤海舟, 刘兴良, 缪宁,et al. 川滇高山栎种群不同海拔空间格局的尺度效应及个体间空间关联[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(15):4004-4011
[21]	刘兴良, 岳永杰, 郑绍伟,等. 川滇高山栎种群统计特征的海拔梯度变化[J]. 四川林业科技, 2005, 26(4):9-14
[22]	王国严, 罗建, 徐阿生,等. 西藏色季拉山川滇高山栎种群结构与动态[J]. 林业科学研究, 2011, 24(3):292-299
[23]	陈俊华, 刘兴良, 何飞,等. 卧龙巴朗山川滇高山栎灌丛主要木本植物种群生态位特征[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(3):23-28
[24]	刘兴良, 刘世荣, 宿以明,等. 巴郎山川滇高山栎灌丛地上生物量及其对海拔梯度的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2006, 42(2):1-7
[25]	李进, 陈可咏, 李渤生. 不同海拔高度川滇高山栎群体遗传多样性的变化[J]. 植物学报, 1998, 40(8):761-767
[26]	朱万泽, 王三根, 郝云庆. 川滇高山栎灌丛萌生过程中的营养元素供应动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(10):1185-1195
[27]	刘兴良, 郝晓东, 杨冬生,等. 卧龙巴郎山川滇高山栎灌丛地上生物量及其模型[J]. 生态学杂志, 2006, 25(5):487-491
[28]	段文标. 阔叶红松林林隙土壤水分微环境变异特征分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2009, 24(5):809-815
[29]	黄容, 潘开文, 王进闯,等. 岷江上游半干旱河谷区3种林型土壤氮素的比较[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(5):1210-1216
[30]	朱志建, 姜培坤, 徐秋芳. 不同森林植被下土壤微生物量碳和易氧化态碳的比较[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 19(4):523-526
[31]	Quideau S A, Chadwick O A, Trumbore S E,et al. Vegetation control on soil organic matter dynamics[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32(2):247-252
[32]	张兴锐, 许中旗, 纪晓林,等. 燕山北部山地典型植物群落土壤有机碳贮量及其分布特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(1):186-190,196
[33]	Luizo R C C, Luizo F J, Paiva R Q,et al. Variation of carbon and nitrogen cycling processes along a topographic gradient in a central Amazonian forest[J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, 10(5):592-600
[34]	张鹏, 张涛, 陈年来. 祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(3):518-524
[35]	Xue X J, Li Y N, Du M Y,et al. Soil organic matter and total Nitrogen changing with altitudes on the southern foot of eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2009, 31(4):642-649
[36]	李贵才, 韩兴国, 黄建辉. 哀牢山木果柯林及其退化植被下土壤无机氮库的干季动态特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(2):210- 217
[37]	崔晓阳, 宋金凤. 原始森林土壤NH₄⁺/NO₃^-生境特征与某些针叶树种的适应性[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(11):3082-3092
[38]	Keeney D R. Prediction of Soil Nitrogen Availability in Forest Ecosystems: A Literature Review[J]. Forest Science, 1980, 26(1):159-171
[39]	王斌, 陈亚明, 周志宇. 贺兰山西坡不同海拔梯度上土壤氮素矿化作用的研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(3):483-490
[40]	Yao H, Bowman D, Shi W. Seasonal variations of soil microbial biomass and activity in warm-and cool-season turfgrass systems[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43(7):1536-1543
[41]	Powlson D S, Prookes P C, Christensen B T. Measurement of soil microbial biomass provides an early indication of changes in total soil organic matter due to straw incorporation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1987, 19(2):159-164
[42]	Singh J S, Singh D P, Kashyap A K. Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Disturbed Dry Tropical Forest Soils, India[J]. Pedosphere, 2010, 20(6):780-788
[43]	周焱, 徐宪根, 王丰,等. 武夷山不同海拔梯度土壤微生物生物量、微生物呼吸及其商值(qMB,qCO₂)[J]. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(2):265-269

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Variations of Soil Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides Forest at Different Attitudes in Balangshan, Sichuan

1. Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

2. College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China

3. Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China

Received Date: 2011-12-20

Available Online: 2012-06-13

Abstract: Soil microbial biomass and nitrogen play important roles in forest ecosystem as the driving forces for the nutrient transformation. Therefore, the soil microbial biomass and nitrogen are used as important indexes to evaluate the effects of management on quality and function of soil ecosystem in the Quercus aquifolioides forest. However, few studies have been carried out on the spatial variability of soil nitrogen and microbial biomass in the same community in different attitudes. In the current study, the Q.aquifolioides forest in the southeast slope of Balang Mountain in West Sichuan was studied. The experimental design included three 50 m×80 m plots of Q. aquifolioides forest at the attitudes of 3 549 m, 3 091 m and 2 551 m respectively. This vertical variations and correlations of total organic carbon (TOC), nitrogen and soil microbial biomass in the topsoil (0-15 cm) and subsoil (15-30 cm) were studied. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the contents of TOC, TOC stocks, total nitrogen (TN) and hydrolysable nitrogen in two layers (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm) at 3 549m and 3 091 m, but their contents were significantly higher than those in the Q. aquifolioides forest at 2 551 m, there is significant difference in NH4+-N in different soil layers at 3 549 m and 3 091 m compared with that at 2 551 m, and the NH4+-N content at 3 091 m was significantly higher than those in two layers at 3 549 m; the NO3--N content was not significant in two layers in three attitudes; there are no significant differences in soil total inorganic nitrogen content in the topsoil layers among the three attitudes, but with significant difference in the subsoil at 3 549 m and 3 091 m; the variation trend of soil microbial biomass carbon content in the topsoil layers was similar to that of TOC, but there were significant differences in soil microbial biomass carbon content in the subsoil at different attitudes; the soil microbial biomass nitrogen content in the topsoil was the highest at 3 091 m and there were no differences in the three attitudes, but the content of soil microbial biomass nitrogen in the subsoil reduced with the reduce of the attitude, and the differences were not up to significant level. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the soil microbial biomass nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and TN were all very significantly positively correlated. The soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly correlated with the hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and TN. The pH was significantly correlated with the hydrolysable nitrogen, TOC and soil microbial biomass nitrogen. NH4+-N was negatively correlated with pH.

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Reference (43)

[1]	Pregitzer K S, Euskirchen E S. Carbon cycling and storage in world forests: biome patterns related to forest age[J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, 10(12):2052-2077
[2]	Rustad L E, Huntington T G, Boone R D. Controls on soil respiration: Implications for climate change[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2000, 48(1):1-6
[3]	Fang C, Smith P, Moncrieff J B,et al. Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature[J]. Nature, 2005, 433(7021):57-59
[4]	Wagai R, Mayer L M, Kitayama K,et al. Climate and parent material controls on organic matter storage in surface soils: A three-pool, density-separation approach[J]. Geoderma, 2008, 147(1-2):23-33
[5]	Dixon R K, Solomon A M, Brown S,et al. Carbon Pools and Flux of Global Forest Ecosystems[J]. Science, 1994, 263(5144):185-190
[6]	Allen A S, Schlesinger W H. Nutrient limitations to soil microbial biomass and activity in loblolly pine forests[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2004, 36(4):581-589
[7]	Jia G M, Liu B R, Wang G,et al. The microbial biomass and activity in soil with shrub (Caragana korshinskii K.) plantation in the semi-arid loess plateau in China[J]. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2010, 46(1):6-10
[8]	Zhou J B, Chen X L, Zhang Y L,et al. Nitrogen released from different plant residues of the Loess Plateau and their additions on contents of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen in soil[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(3):123-128
[9]	刘爽, 王传宽. 五种温带森林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的时空格局[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(12):3135-3143
[10]	孟盈, 薛敬意, 沙丽清,等. 西双版纳不同热带森林下土壤铵态氮和硝态氮动态研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(1):99-104
[11]	邓小文, 韩士杰. 氮沉降对森林生态系统土壤碳库的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(10):1622-1627
[12]	Melillo J M, Steudler P A, Aber J D,et al. Soil Warming and Carbon-Cycle Feedbacks to the Climate System[J]. Science, 2002, 298(5601):2173-2176
[13]	Pan K, Xu Z, Blumfield T,et al. In situ mineral ¹⁵N dynamics and fate of added ¹⁵NH₄⁺in hoop pine plantation and adjacent native forest in subtropical Australia[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2008, 8(6):398-405
[14]	刘秉儒. 贺兰山东坡典型植物群落土壤微生物量碳、氮沿海拔梯度的变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(4):883-888
[15]	何友军, 王清奎, 汪思龙,等. 杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(12):2292-2296
[16]	刘占峰, 刘国华, 傅伯杰,等. 人工油松林(Pinus tabulaeformis)恢复过程中土壤微生物生物量C、N的变化特征[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(3):1011-1018
[17]	袁海伟, 苏以荣, 郑华,等. 喀斯特峰丛洼地不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳和氮素分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(10):1579-1584
[18]	姜汉侨. 云南植被分布的特点及其地带规律性(续)[J]. 云南植物研究, 1980, 2(2):142-151
[19]	吴金水, 林启美, 黄巧云,等. 土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M]. 北京: 气象出版社,2006
[20]	尤海舟, 刘兴良, 缪宁,et al. 川滇高山栎种群不同海拔空间格局的尺度效应及个体间空间关联[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(15):4004-4011
[21]	刘兴良, 岳永杰, 郑绍伟,等. 川滇高山栎种群统计特征的海拔梯度变化[J]. 四川林业科技, 2005, 26(4):9-14
[22]	王国严, 罗建, 徐阿生,等. 西藏色季拉山川滇高山栎种群结构与动态[J]. 林业科学研究, 2011, 24(3):292-299
[23]	陈俊华, 刘兴良, 何飞,等. 卧龙巴朗山川滇高山栎灌丛主要木本植物种群生态位特征[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(3):23-28
[24]	刘兴良, 刘世荣, 宿以明,等. 巴郎山川滇高山栎灌丛地上生物量及其对海拔梯度的响应[J]. 林业科学, 2006, 42(2):1-7
[25]	李进, 陈可咏, 李渤生. 不同海拔高度川滇高山栎群体遗传多样性的变化[J]. 植物学报, 1998, 40(8):761-767
[26]	朱万泽, 王三根, 郝云庆. 川滇高山栎灌丛萌生过程中的营养元素供应动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(10):1185-1195
[27]	刘兴良, 郝晓东, 杨冬生,等. 卧龙巴郎山川滇高山栎灌丛地上生物量及其模型[J]. 生态学杂志, 2006, 25(5):487-491
[28]	段文标. 阔叶红松林林隙土壤水分微环境变异特征分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2009, 24(5):809-815
[29]	黄容, 潘开文, 王进闯,等. 岷江上游半干旱河谷区3种林型土壤氮素的比较[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(5):1210-1216
[30]	朱志建, 姜培坤, 徐秋芳. 不同森林植被下土壤微生物量碳和易氧化态碳的比较[J]. 林业科学研究, 2006, 19(4):523-526
[31]	Quideau S A, Chadwick O A, Trumbore S E,et al. Vegetation control on soil organic matter dynamics[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2001, 32(2):247-252
[32]	张兴锐, 许中旗, 纪晓林,等. 燕山北部山地典型植物群落土壤有机碳贮量及其分布特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(1):186-190,196
[33]	Luizo R C C, Luizo F J, Paiva R Q,et al. Variation of carbon and nitrogen cycling processes along a topographic gradient in a central Amazonian forest[J]. Global Change Biology, 2004, 10(5):592-600
[34]	张鹏, 张涛, 陈年来. 祁连山北麓山体垂直带土壤碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(3):518-524
[35]	Xue X J, Li Y N, Du M Y,et al. Soil organic matter and total Nitrogen changing with altitudes on the southern foot of eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2009, 31(4):642-649
[36]	李贵才, 韩兴国, 黄建辉. 哀牢山木果柯林及其退化植被下土壤无机氮库的干季动态特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(2):210- 217
[37]	崔晓阳, 宋金凤. 原始森林土壤NH₄⁺/NO₃^-生境特征与某些针叶树种的适应性[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(11):3082-3092
[38]	Keeney D R. Prediction of Soil Nitrogen Availability in Forest Ecosystems: A Literature Review[J]. Forest Science, 1980, 26(1):159-171
[39]	王斌, 陈亚明, 周志宇. 贺兰山西坡不同海拔梯度上土壤氮素矿化作用的研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(3):483-490
[40]	Yao H, Bowman D, Shi W. Seasonal variations of soil microbial biomass and activity in warm-and cool-season turfgrass systems[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2011, 43(7):1536-1543
[41]	Powlson D S, Prookes P C, Christensen B T. Measurement of soil microbial biomass provides an early indication of changes in total soil organic matter due to straw incorporation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1987, 19(2):159-164
[42]	Singh J S, Singh D P, Kashyap A K. Microbial Biomass C, N and P in Disturbed Dry Tropical Forest Soils, India[J]. Pedosphere, 2010, 20(6):780-788
[43]	周焱, 徐宪根, 王丰,等. 武夷山不同海拔梯度土壤微生物生物量、微生物呼吸及其商值(qMB,qCO₂)[J]. 生态学杂志, 2009, 28(2):265-269

Variations of Soil Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides Forest at Different Attitudes in Balangshan, Sichuan

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Variations of Soil Nitrogen and Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides Forest at Different Attitudes in Balangshan, Sichuan

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