Difference of Sap Flow Rate of Populus bolleana Lauche along Trunk Axial Direction

DANG Hong-zhong; LI Wei; LI Yong-hua; MO Bao-ru

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Difference of Sap Flow Rate of Populus bolleana Lauche along Trunk Axial Direction

1.
Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Gansu Academy of Forestry, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received Date: 2012-03-26

Abstract

The change of sap flow rate along axial direction of trunk is considered to be the important evidence that water storage is involved in internal sap flow circulation. Based on monitoring sap flow rate at both crown base and stem base of half-mature Populus bolleana Lauche during the main growth season with thermal dissipation probe technique (TDP), the relationship between sap flow rate (Js) at two typical position and atmospheric evaporation potential (ET0) obtained with synchronous meteorological elements was analyzed. It was found that the diurnal variation pattern of sap flow rate at both crown (Js,u) and stem bases (Js,d) were consistent with ET0 in typical sunny days, but the former had more close correlation with ET0, which fitted well with the Hill function formula, while that between the latter and ET0 presented linear relation with different slopes. At noon, Js,u could be three times of Js,d, and started about 1 hour earlier than the latter in the early morning. The "net" sap flux between Js,u and Js,d changed with season, and was in a slight water-lose status in July and August but a slight water-surplus in June and September instead. Daily total amount of absorbed water was not completely consistent with water loss of crown. The average daily sap flux computed by Js,u from June to September was in the sequence of sunny > cloudy > overcast, which was consistent with solar radiation and ET0, while sap flux computed by Js,d sometimes was cloudy > sunny, showing the traits of leveling water stress by accelerated water-absorption in cloudy days for mid-serious atmospheric stress.
- Populus bolleana Lauche,
- sap flow rate,
- axial difference,
- thermal dissipation probe technique(TDP)

References

[1]	Tognetti R, Andria R, Morelli G,et al. Irrigation effects on daily and seasonal variations of trunk sap flow and leaf water relations in olive trees[J]. Plant Soil, 2004(263): 249-264
[2]	Kumagai T, Aoki S, Otsuki K, Utsumi Y. Impact of stem water storage on diurnal estimates of whole-tree transpiration and canopy conductance from sap flow measurements in Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress trees[J]. Hydrol Process, 2009(23): 2335-2344
[3]	段玉玺, 秦景, 贺康宁,等. 白榆、新疆杨液流动态比较研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(6): 1136-1144
[4]	Phillips N G, Scholz F G, Bucci S J, et al. Using branch and basal trunk sap flow measurements to estimate whole-plant water capacitance: comment on Burgess and Dawson (2008) [J]. Plant Soil, 2009, 315(1-2): 315-324
[5]	Phillips N G, Oren R, Licata J, et al. Time series diagnosis of tree hydraulic characteristics[J]. Tree Physiol, 2004, 24(8): 879-890
[6]	Cienciala E, Kucera J, Malmer A. Tree sap flow and stand transpiration of two Acacia mangium plantations in Sabah, Borneo[J]. J Hydrol, 2000, 236(1-2):109-120
[7]	Egea G, Baille A, Martín B, et al. Do short term sap flow measurements scale with leaf transpiration? A case study on Cucumis Sativus plants [C]. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 846: VII International Workshop on Sap Flow, 2009: 127-134
[8]	Granier A. A new method of sap flow measurement in tree stems[J]. Annales Des Sciences Forestieres, 1985, 42(2): 193-200
[9]	Granier A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements[J]. Tree Physiol, 1987, 3(4): 309-320
[10]	Gartner K, Nadezhdina N, Englisch M, et al. Sap flow of birch and Norway spruce during the European heat and drought in summer 2003[J]. Forest Ecol Manag, 2009, 258(5): 590-599
[11]	Lei H, Zhi-shan Z, Xin-rong L. Sap flow of Artemisia ordosica and the influence of environmental factors in a revegetated desert area:Tengger Desert, China[J]. Hydrol Process, 2010, 24(10): 1248-1253
[12]	Bequet R, Cermak J, Nadezhdina N, et al. Tree water dynamics non-destructively assessed through sap flow measurements and potential evapotranspiration[J]. Biol Plantarum, 2010, 54(2): 366-368
[13]	Lu P, Urban L, Zhao P. Granier's thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method for measuring sap flow in trees: theory and practice[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 2004, 46(6): 631-646
[14]	党宏忠, 张劲松, 张友焱, 等. 应用热扩散技术对柠条锦鸡儿主根液流速率的研究[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(3): 31-38
[15]	Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al. Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements[J]. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 1998(56):1-465
[16]	Allen R G, Pruitt W O, Wright J L, et al. A recommendation on standardized surface resistance for hourly calculation of reference ET₀ by the FAO56 Penman Penman-Monteith method[J]. Agr Water Manage,2006,81(1-2):1-22
[17]	O'Grady A P, Worledge D, Battaglia M. Constraints on transpiration of Eucalyptus globulus in southern Tasmania, Australia[J]. Agr Forest Meteorol, 2008, 148(3): 453-465
[18]	Phillips N, Oren R, Zimmermann R. Radial patterns of xylem sap flow in non-, diffuse- and ring-porous tree species[J]. Plant Cell Environ, 1996, 19(8):983-990
[19]	Cermak J, Kucera J, Bauerle W L, et al. Tree water storage and its diurnal dynamics related to sap flow and changes in stem volume in old-growth Douglas-fir trees [J]. Tree Physiol, 2007, 27(2):181-198
[20]	Sevanto S, Holtta T, Nikinmaa E. The effects of heat storage during low flow rates on the output of Granier-type sap-flow sensors [C]. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 846:VII International Workshop on Sap Flow, 2009:45-52

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Difference of Sap Flow Rate of Populus bolleana Lauche along Trunk Axial Direction

1. Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

2. Gansu Academy of Forestry, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received Date: 2012-03-26

Available Online: 2012-12-13

Abstract: The change of sap flow rate along axial direction of trunk is considered to be the important evidence that water storage is involved in internal sap flow circulation. Based on monitoring sap flow rate at both crown base and stem base of half-mature Populus bolleana Lauche during the main growth season with thermal dissipation probe technique (TDP), the relationship between sap flow rate (Js) at two typical position and atmospheric evaporation potential (ET0) obtained with synchronous meteorological elements was analyzed. It was found that the diurnal variation pattern of sap flow rate at both crown (Js,u) and stem bases (Js,d) were consistent with ET0 in typical sunny days, but the former had more close correlation with ET0, which fitted well with the Hill function formula, while that between the latter and ET0 presented linear relation with different slopes. At noon, Js,u could be three times of Js,d, and started about 1 hour earlier than the latter in the early morning. The "net" sap flux between Js,u and Js,d changed with season, and was in a slight water-lose status in July and August but a slight water-surplus in June and September instead. Daily total amount of absorbed water was not completely consistent with water loss of crown. The average daily sap flux computed by Js,u from June to September was in the sequence of sunny > cloudy > overcast, which was consistent with solar radiation and ET0, while sap flux computed by Js,d sometimes was cloudy > sunny, showing the traits of leveling water stress by accelerated water-absorption in cloudy days for mid-serious atmospheric stress.

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[1]	Tognetti R, Andria R, Morelli G,et al. Irrigation effects on daily and seasonal variations of trunk sap flow and leaf water relations in olive trees[J]. Plant Soil, 2004(263): 249-264
[2]	Kumagai T, Aoki S, Otsuki K, Utsumi Y. Impact of stem water storage on diurnal estimates of whole-tree transpiration and canopy conductance from sap flow measurements in Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress trees[J]. Hydrol Process, 2009(23): 2335-2344
[3]	段玉玺, 秦景, 贺康宁,等. 白榆、新疆杨液流动态比较研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(6): 1136-1144
[4]	Phillips N G, Scholz F G, Bucci S J, et al. Using branch and basal trunk sap flow measurements to estimate whole-plant water capacitance: comment on Burgess and Dawson (2008) [J]. Plant Soil, 2009, 315(1-2): 315-324
[5]	Phillips N G, Oren R, Licata J, et al. Time series diagnosis of tree hydraulic characteristics[J]. Tree Physiol, 2004, 24(8): 879-890
[6]	Cienciala E, Kucera J, Malmer A. Tree sap flow and stand transpiration of two Acacia mangium plantations in Sabah, Borneo[J]. J Hydrol, 2000, 236(1-2):109-120
[7]	Egea G, Baille A, Martín B, et al. Do short term sap flow measurements scale with leaf transpiration? A case study on Cucumis Sativus plants [C]. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 846: VII International Workshop on Sap Flow, 2009: 127-134
[8]	Granier A. A new method of sap flow measurement in tree stems[J]. Annales Des Sciences Forestieres, 1985, 42(2): 193-200
[9]	Granier A. Evaluation of transpiration in a Douglas-fir stand by means of sap flow measurements[J]. Tree Physiol, 1987, 3(4): 309-320
[10]	Gartner K, Nadezhdina N, Englisch M, et al. Sap flow of birch and Norway spruce during the European heat and drought in summer 2003[J]. Forest Ecol Manag, 2009, 258(5): 590-599
[11]	Lei H, Zhi-shan Z, Xin-rong L. Sap flow of Artemisia ordosica and the influence of environmental factors in a revegetated desert area:Tengger Desert, China[J]. Hydrol Process, 2010, 24(10): 1248-1253
[12]	Bequet R, Cermak J, Nadezhdina N, et al. Tree water dynamics non-destructively assessed through sap flow measurements and potential evapotranspiration[J]. Biol Plantarum, 2010, 54(2): 366-368
[13]	Lu P, Urban L, Zhao P. Granier's thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method for measuring sap flow in trees: theory and practice[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 2004, 46(6): 631-646
[14]	党宏忠, 张劲松, 张友焱, 等. 应用热扩散技术对柠条锦鸡儿主根液流速率的研究[J]. 林业科学, 2010, 46(3): 31-38
[15]	Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al. Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements[J]. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 1998(56):1-465
[16]	Allen R G, Pruitt W O, Wright J L, et al. A recommendation on standardized surface resistance for hourly calculation of reference ET₀ by the FAO56 Penman Penman-Monteith method[J]. Agr Water Manage,2006,81(1-2):1-22
[17]	O'Grady A P, Worledge D, Battaglia M. Constraints on transpiration of Eucalyptus globulus in southern Tasmania, Australia[J]. Agr Forest Meteorol, 2008, 148(3): 453-465
[18]	Phillips N, Oren R, Zimmermann R. Radial patterns of xylem sap flow in non-, diffuse- and ring-porous tree species[J]. Plant Cell Environ, 1996, 19(8):983-990
[19]	Cermak J, Kucera J, Bauerle W L, et al. Tree water storage and its diurnal dynamics related to sap flow and changes in stem volume in old-growth Douglas-fir trees [J]. Tree Physiol, 2007, 27(2):181-198
[20]	Sevanto S, Holtta T, Nikinmaa E. The effects of heat storage during low flow rates on the output of Granier-type sap-flow sensors [C]. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 846:VII International Workshop on Sap Flow, 2009:45-52

Difference of Sap Flow Rate of Populus bolleana Lauche along Trunk Axial Direction

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Difference of Sap Flow Rate of Populus bolleana Lauche along Trunk Axial Direction

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