Effect of Training System on Fruit Yield of Different Olive Cultivars

LI Na; DAI Qian-li; QI Hai-hong; WANG Hai-dong; LI Jin-hua

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Effect of Training System on Fruit Yield of Different Olive Cultivars

1.
Dawangou Olive Demonstration Garden of Wudu District, Longnan City, Gansu Province, Longnan 746000, Gansu, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2012-09-11

Abstract

Longnan City in Gansu Province is the largest base of olive production in China. In the olive orchard locating in Wudu District of Longnan City, thirty trees were sampled each of three cultivars, ‘Leccino’, ‘Chenggu32’, ‘Ezhi8’, with monoconical and vase training system. After planted with density of 5×6 m in 1992, each sample tree was investigated to determine the yield fresh fruit in five different years. The results of survey and analysis showed that there were significant differences of fruit yield among 5 years and 3 cultivars. Different canopy shapes yielded some effect on fruit setting rate and yield of different cultivars in different years. During first fruiting period in the fourth/sixth year after planting, fruit setting rate and yield of ‘Leccino’ with monocone were more 6.7% and 0.15 kg than those with vase and those of ‘Ezhi8’ and ‘Chenggu32’ with vase were more 20%, 10% and 0.18 kg, 0.09 kg than those with monocone. With the increase of tree age, fruit set and yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase was more than those of monocone. In 2011, average yields per tree of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase were more 13.35 kg and 6.85 kg than those with monocone. And the highest yield per tree of ‘Leccino’ with vase was 75 kg, more 16 kg than that of monocone. Fruit trees with yield over 35 kg of ‘Leccino’ and 25 kg of ‘Ezhi8’ with vase accounted for 80% and 46.7%, more 40% and 30.01% than those of monocone. It was concluded that vase training system would produce higher yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ and its effect and advantages were gradually prominent with increase age. As for ‘Chenggu32’, monocone got a slightly higher yield than that of vase and in 2011 fruit trees with yield over 15 kg accounted for 25%, more 8.34% than vase. The difference between two training system of this cultivar was not obvious.
- Olea europaea,
- canopy shapes,
- cultivars,
- harvest year,
- fruit set

References

[1]	徐纬英.中国油橄榄种质资源与利用[M].长春:长春出版社,2001
[2]	邓明全,俞宁.油橄榄引种栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001
[3]	IOC (International Olive Council). Production Techniques in Olive Growing[M]. Madrid Spain:IOC, 2007
[4]	贺善安,顾姻.油橄榄驯化引种[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1984
[5]	邓振镛,尹宪志,杨启国,等.白龙江沿岸油橄榄气候生态适应性研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):65-68
[6]	张正武,邓煜,王贵德.陇南油橄榄产业发展现状和对策[J].中国林业,2011(20):41
[7]	邓明全.油橄榄丰产稳产栽培技术研究[J].林业科学研究,2005,18(5):590-594
[8]	Tombesi A, Tombesi S. Olive pruning and training[M]//International Olive Oil Council Practical Techniques in Olive Growing. Madrid Spain:IOC, 2007
[9]	Gucci R, Cantini C. Pruning and training systems for modern olive growing [M]. Australia: CSIRO Publishing, 2000
[10]	Sibbett G S. Pruning mature bearing olive trees [C]//Ferguson L, Sibbett G S, Martin G C. Olive production manual. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publish, 1994,3353: 57-60
[11]	Cimato A, Cantini C, Sillari B. A method of pruning for the recovery of olive productivity[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1990, 286: 251-254
[12]	Metzidakis I. Effect of regeneration pruning for the recovery of olive productivity and fruit characteristics in ten olive cultivars[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2002, 586: 333-336
[13]	Lavee S. Biennial bearing in olive (Olea europaea)[J]. ANNALES Ser hist nat, 2007, 17(1): 101-112
[14]	Vossen P, Devarenne A. Pruning olive trees: how to minimize alternate bearing and improve production[J]. University of California Cooperative Extension First Press: Newsletter of Olive Oil production and Evaluation, 2007, 2(3): 1-4
[15]	Palliotti A, Famiani F, Proietti P, et al. Effects of training system on tree growth, yield and oil characteristics in different olive cultivars[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1997, 474: 189-192
[16]	Ben Rouina B, Omri A, Trigui A. Effect of a hard pruning on trees vigor and yields of old olive orchards[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2002, 586: 321-323
[17]	Preziosi P, Proietti P, Famiani F, et al. Comparison between monocone and vase training system on the olive cultivars Frontoi, Moraiolo and Nostrale di Rigali[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1994, 356: 306-310
[18]	Lodolini E M, Endeshaw T S, Gangatharan R, et al. Olive fruit set in central Italy in response to different pruning systems[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2011, 924: 195-201
[19]	Silvestri E, Bazzanti N, Toma M, et al. Effect of training system, irrigation and ground cover on olive crop performance[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1999, 474:173-176
[20]	Gucci R, Cantini C, Luti L, et al. Performance of an olive orchard managed by coppicing for 20 years[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2001, 557: 261-264
[21]	Visco T, Molfese M, Cipolletti M, et al. The influence of training system, variety and fruit ripening on the efficiency of mechanical harvesting of young olive trees in Abruzzo, Italy[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2008, 791: 425-429

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Effect of Training System on Fruit Yield of Different Olive Cultivars

1. Dawangou Olive Demonstration Garden of Wudu District, Longnan City, Gansu Province, Longnan 746000, Gansu, China

2. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2012-09-11

Abstract: Longnan City in Gansu Province is the largest base of olive production in China. In the olive orchard locating in Wudu District of Longnan City, thirty trees were sampled each of three cultivars, ‘Leccino’, ‘Chenggu32’, ‘Ezhi8’, with monoconical and vase training system. After planted with density of 5×6 m in 1992, each sample tree was investigated to determine the yield fresh fruit in five different years. The results of survey and analysis showed that there were significant differences of fruit yield among 5 years and 3 cultivars. Different canopy shapes yielded some effect on fruit setting rate and yield of different cultivars in different years. During first fruiting period in the fourth/sixth year after planting, fruit setting rate and yield of ‘Leccino’ with monocone were more 6.7% and 0.15 kg than those with vase and those of ‘Ezhi8’ and ‘Chenggu32’ with vase were more 20%, 10% and 0.18 kg, 0.09 kg than those with monocone. With the increase of tree age, fruit set and yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase was more than those of monocone. In 2011, average yields per tree of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ with vase were more 13.35 kg and 6.85 kg than those with monocone. And the highest yield per tree of ‘Leccino’ with vase was 75 kg, more 16 kg than that of monocone. Fruit trees with yield over 35 kg of ‘Leccino’ and 25 kg of ‘Ezhi8’ with vase accounted for 80% and 46.7%, more 40% and 30.01% than those of monocone. It was concluded that vase training system would produce higher yield of ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ezhi8’ and its effect and advantages were gradually prominent with increase age. As for ‘Chenggu32’, monocone got a slightly higher yield than that of vase and in 2011 fruit trees with yield over 15 kg accounted for 25%, more 8.34% than vase. The difference between two training system of this cultivar was not obvious.

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Reference (21)

[1]	徐纬英.中国油橄榄种质资源与利用[M].长春:长春出版社,2001
[2]	邓明全,俞宁.油橄榄引种栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001
[3]	IOC (International Olive Council). Production Techniques in Olive Growing[M]. Madrid Spain:IOC, 2007
[4]	贺善安,顾姻.油橄榄驯化引种[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1984
[5]	邓振镛,尹宪志,杨启国,等.白龙江沿岸油橄榄气候生态适应性研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2005,27(1):65-68
[6]	张正武,邓煜,王贵德.陇南油橄榄产业发展现状和对策[J].中国林业,2011(20):41
[7]	邓明全.油橄榄丰产稳产栽培技术研究[J].林业科学研究,2005,18(5):590-594
[8]	Tombesi A, Tombesi S. Olive pruning and training[M]//International Olive Oil Council Practical Techniques in Olive Growing. Madrid Spain:IOC, 2007
[9]	Gucci R, Cantini C. Pruning and training systems for modern olive growing [M]. Australia: CSIRO Publishing, 2000
[10]	Sibbett G S. Pruning mature bearing olive trees [C]//Ferguson L, Sibbett G S, Martin G C. Olive production manual. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publish, 1994,3353: 57-60
[11]	Cimato A, Cantini C, Sillari B. A method of pruning for the recovery of olive productivity[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1990, 286: 251-254
[12]	Metzidakis I. Effect of regeneration pruning for the recovery of olive productivity and fruit characteristics in ten olive cultivars[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2002, 586: 333-336
[13]	Lavee S. Biennial bearing in olive (Olea europaea)[J]. ANNALES Ser hist nat, 2007, 17(1): 101-112
[14]	Vossen P, Devarenne A. Pruning olive trees: how to minimize alternate bearing and improve production[J]. University of California Cooperative Extension First Press: Newsletter of Olive Oil production and Evaluation, 2007, 2(3): 1-4
[15]	Palliotti A, Famiani F, Proietti P, et al. Effects of training system on tree growth, yield and oil characteristics in different olive cultivars[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1997, 474: 189-192
[16]	Ben Rouina B, Omri A, Trigui A. Effect of a hard pruning on trees vigor and yields of old olive orchards[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2002, 586: 321-323
[17]	Preziosi P, Proietti P, Famiani F, et al. Comparison between monocone and vase training system on the olive cultivars Frontoi, Moraiolo and Nostrale di Rigali[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1994, 356: 306-310
[18]	Lodolini E M, Endeshaw T S, Gangatharan R, et al. Olive fruit set in central Italy in response to different pruning systems[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2011, 924: 195-201
[19]	Silvestri E, Bazzanti N, Toma M, et al. Effect of training system, irrigation and ground cover on olive crop performance[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 1999, 474:173-176
[20]	Gucci R, Cantini C, Luti L, et al. Performance of an olive orchard managed by coppicing for 20 years[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2001, 557: 261-264
[21]	Visco T, Molfese M, Cipolletti M, et al. The influence of training system, variety and fruit ripening on the efficiency of mechanical harvesting of young olive trees in Abruzzo, Italy[J]. Acta Hort. (ISHS), 2008, 791: 425-429

Effect of Training System on Fruit Yield of Different Olive Cultivars

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Effect of Training System on Fruit Yield of Different Olive Cultivars

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