Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus

ZHANG Jin; LI Jian-bo; LIU Bo-bin; CHEN Jun; LU Meng-zhu

Volume 27 Issue 5

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Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus

1.
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2013-06-20

Abstract

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important Ca2+ sensors and effectors in Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. They play crucial roles in regulation of plant development and tolerance of various environmental stresses. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of Populus CDPKs was performed, including phylogeny, gene structure and expression patterns. Thirty-two CDPK genes and ten CRK genes were identified. Furthermore, the gene expression profiles showed that a number of Populus CDPK differentially expressed across different tissues and developmental stages. Three Populus CDPK gene, i.e. PtCPK1, PtCPK6 and PtCPK15, were cloned and analyzed, revealing their proteins localized in cell membrane. These results may lay the foundation for functional analysis of Populus CDPK gene family in the future.
- Populus,
- CDPK,
- gene family,
- gene expression

References

[1]	Trewavas A J, Malhó R. Ca²⁺ signalling in plant cells: the big network![J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 1998,1(5):428-433.
[2]	Knight H, Knight M R. Abiotic stress signalling pathways: specificity and cross-talk[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2001,6(6):262-267.
[3]	Luan S, Kudla J, Rodriguez-Concepcion M, et al. Calmodulins and Calcineurin B-like Proteins Calcium Sensors for Specific Signal Response Coupling in Plants[J]. Plant Cell, 2002,14(suppl 1):S389-S400.
[4]	Reddy A S. Calcium: silver bullet in signaling[J]. Plant Science, 2001,160(3):381-404.
[5]	Sanders D, Pelloux J, Brownlee C, et al. Calcium at the crossroads of signaling[J]. Plant Cell, 2002,14(suppl 1):S401-S417.
[6]	Snedden W A, Fromm H. Calmodulin as a versatile calcium signal transducer in plants[J]. New Phytologist, 2001,151(1):35-66.
[7]	Sanders D, Brownlee C, Harper J F. Communicating with calcium[J]. Plant Cell, 1999,11(4):691-706.
[8]	Sebastià C H, Hardin S C, Clouse S D, et al. Identification of a new motif for CDPK phosphorylation in vitro that suggests ACC synthase may be a CDPK substrate[J]. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2004,428(1):81-91.
[9]	Hrabak E M, Chan C W, Gribskov M, et al. The Arabidopsis CDPK-SnRK superfamily of protein kinases[J]. Plant Physiology, 2003,132(2):666-680.
[10]	Kolukisaoglu ü, Weinl S, Blazevic D, et al. Calcium sensors and their interacting protein kinases: genomics of the Arabidopsis and rice CBL-CIPK signaling networks[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004,134(1):43-58.
[11]	McCormack E, Braam J. Calmodulins and related potential calcium sensors of Arabidopsis[J]. New Phytologist, 2003,159(3):585-598.
[12]	Zielinski R E. Calmodulin and calmodulin-binding proteins in plants[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 1998,49(1):697-725.
[13]	Cheng S H, Willmann M R, Chen H C, et al. Calcium signaling through protein kinases. The Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family[J]. Plant Physiology, 2002,129(2):469-485.
[14]	Yang T, Poovaiah B. Calcium/calmodulin-mediated signal network in plants[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2003,8(10):505.
[15]	Wernimont A K, Amani M, Qiu W, et al. Structures of parasitic CDPK domains point to a common mechanism of activation[J]. Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, 2011,79(3):803-820.
[16]	Wernimont A K, Artz J D, Jr Finerty P, et al. Structures of apicomplexan calcium-dependent protein kinases reveal mechanism of activation by calcium[J]. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2010,17(5):596-601.
[17]	Harper J F, Harmon A. Plants, symbiosis and parasites: a calcium signalling connection[J]. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2005,6(7):555-566.
[18]	Abbasi F, Onodera H, Toki S, et al. OsCDPK13, a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene from rice, is induced by cold and gibberellin in rice leaf sheath[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2004,55(4):541-552.
[19]	Asano T, Hakata M, Nakamura H, et al. Functional characterisation of OsCPK21, a calcium-dependent protein kinase that confers salt tolerance in rice[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2011,75(1-2):179-191.
[20]	Asano T, Wakayama M, Aoki N, et al. Overexpression of a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene enhances growth of rice under low-nitrogen conditions[J]. Plant Biotechnology, 2010,27(4):369-373.
[21]	Ivashuta S, Liu J, Liu J, et al. RNA interference identifies a calcium-dependent protein kinase involved in Medicago truncatula root development[J]. Plant Cell, 2005,17(11):2911-2921.
[22]	Zhu S Y, Yu X C, Wang X J, et al. Two calcium-dependent protein kinases, CPK4 and CPK11, regulate abscisic acid signal transduction in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Cell, 2007,19(10):3019-3036.
[23]	Lanteri M L, Pagnussat G C, Lamattina L. Calcium and calcium-dependent protein kinases are involved in nitric oxide-and auxin-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006,57(6):1341-1351.
[24]	Ray S, Agarwal P, Arora R, et al. Expression analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family during reproductive development and abiotic stress conditions in rice(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica)[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2007,278(5):493-505.
[25]	Du J, Xie H L, Zhang D Q, et al. Regeneration of the secondary vascular system in poplar as a novel system to investigate gene expression by a proteomic approach [J]. Proteomics, 2006, 6:881-895.
[26]	Thompson J D, Gibson T J, Plewniak F, et al. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools [J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 1997,25(24):4876-4882.
[27]	Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, et al. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods [J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2011,28(10):2731-2739.
[28]	Guo A-Y, Zhu Q-H, Chen X, et al. GSDS: a gene structure display server [J]. Yi Chuan, 2007,29(8):1023.
[29]	Barrett T, Edgar R. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO): Microarray data storage, submission, retrieval, and analysis [J]. Methods in Enzymology, 2006,411:352.
[30]	Tuskan G A, Difazio S, Jansson S, et al. The genome of black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray) [J]. Science, 2006,313(5793):1596-1604.
[31]	Harper J F, Breton G, Harmon A. Decoding Ca²⁺ signals through plant protein kinases[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2004,55:263-288.
[32]	Sheen J. Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases and stress signal transduction in plants[J]. Science, 1996,274(5294):1900-1902.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus

1. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2013-06-20

Abstract: Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important Ca2+ sensors and effectors in Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. They play crucial roles in regulation of plant development and tolerance of various environmental stresses. In this study, a genome-wide analysis of Populus CDPKs was performed, including phylogeny, gene structure and expression patterns. Thirty-two CDPK genes and ten CRK genes were identified. Furthermore, the gene expression profiles showed that a number of Populus CDPK differentially expressed across different tissues and developmental stages. Three Populus CDPK gene, i.e. PtCPK1, PtCPK6 and PtCPK15, were cloned and analyzed, revealing their proteins localized in cell membrane. These results may lay the foundation for functional analysis of Populus CDPK gene family in the future.

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Reference (32)

[1]	Trewavas A J, Malhó R. Ca²⁺ signalling in plant cells: the big network![J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 1998,1(5):428-433.
[2]	Knight H, Knight M R. Abiotic stress signalling pathways: specificity and cross-talk[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2001,6(6):262-267.
[3]	Luan S, Kudla J, Rodriguez-Concepcion M, et al. Calmodulins and Calcineurin B-like Proteins Calcium Sensors for Specific Signal Response Coupling in Plants[J]. Plant Cell, 2002,14(suppl 1):S389-S400.
[4]	Reddy A S. Calcium: silver bullet in signaling[J]. Plant Science, 2001,160(3):381-404.
[5]	Sanders D, Pelloux J, Brownlee C, et al. Calcium at the crossroads of signaling[J]. Plant Cell, 2002,14(suppl 1):S401-S417.
[6]	Snedden W A, Fromm H. Calmodulin as a versatile calcium signal transducer in plants[J]. New Phytologist, 2001,151(1):35-66.
[7]	Sanders D, Brownlee C, Harper J F. Communicating with calcium[J]. Plant Cell, 1999,11(4):691-706.
[8]	Sebastià C H, Hardin S C, Clouse S D, et al. Identification of a new motif for CDPK phosphorylation in vitro that suggests ACC synthase may be a CDPK substrate[J]. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2004,428(1):81-91.
[9]	Hrabak E M, Chan C W, Gribskov M, et al. The Arabidopsis CDPK-SnRK superfamily of protein kinases[J]. Plant Physiology, 2003,132(2):666-680.
[10]	Kolukisaoglu ü, Weinl S, Blazevic D, et al. Calcium sensors and their interacting protein kinases: genomics of the Arabidopsis and rice CBL-CIPK signaling networks[J]. Plant Physiology, 2004,134(1):43-58.
[11]	McCormack E, Braam J. Calmodulins and related potential calcium sensors of Arabidopsis[J]. New Phytologist, 2003,159(3):585-598.
[12]	Zielinski R E. Calmodulin and calmodulin-binding proteins in plants[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 1998,49(1):697-725.
[13]	Cheng S H, Willmann M R, Chen H C, et al. Calcium signaling through protein kinases. The Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family[J]. Plant Physiology, 2002,129(2):469-485.
[14]	Yang T, Poovaiah B. Calcium/calmodulin-mediated signal network in plants[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2003,8(10):505.
[15]	Wernimont A K, Amani M, Qiu W, et al. Structures of parasitic CDPK domains point to a common mechanism of activation[J]. Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, 2011,79(3):803-820.
[16]	Wernimont A K, Artz J D, Jr Finerty P, et al. Structures of apicomplexan calcium-dependent protein kinases reveal mechanism of activation by calcium[J]. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2010,17(5):596-601.
[17]	Harper J F, Harmon A. Plants, symbiosis and parasites: a calcium signalling connection[J]. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2005,6(7):555-566.
[18]	Abbasi F, Onodera H, Toki S, et al. OsCDPK13, a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene from rice, is induced by cold and gibberellin in rice leaf sheath[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2004,55(4):541-552.
[19]	Asano T, Hakata M, Nakamura H, et al. Functional characterisation of OsCPK21, a calcium-dependent protein kinase that confers salt tolerance in rice[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 2011,75(1-2):179-191.
[20]	Asano T, Wakayama M, Aoki N, et al. Overexpression of a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene enhances growth of rice under low-nitrogen conditions[J]. Plant Biotechnology, 2010,27(4):369-373.
[21]	Ivashuta S, Liu J, Liu J, et al. RNA interference identifies a calcium-dependent protein kinase involved in Medicago truncatula root development[J]. Plant Cell, 2005,17(11):2911-2921.
[22]	Zhu S Y, Yu X C, Wang X J, et al. Two calcium-dependent protein kinases, CPK4 and CPK11, regulate abscisic acid signal transduction in Arabidopsis[J]. Plant Cell, 2007,19(10):3019-3036.
[23]	Lanteri M L, Pagnussat G C, Lamattina L. Calcium and calcium-dependent protein kinases are involved in nitric oxide-and auxin-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2006,57(6):1341-1351.
[24]	Ray S, Agarwal P, Arora R, et al. Expression analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family during reproductive development and abiotic stress conditions in rice(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica)[J]. Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2007,278(5):493-505.
[25]	Du J, Xie H L, Zhang D Q, et al. Regeneration of the secondary vascular system in poplar as a novel system to investigate gene expression by a proteomic approach [J]. Proteomics, 2006, 6:881-895.
[26]	Thompson J D, Gibson T J, Plewniak F, et al. The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools [J]. Nucleic Acids Research, 1997,25(24):4876-4882.
[27]	Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, et al. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods [J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2011,28(10):2731-2739.
[28]	Guo A-Y, Zhu Q-H, Chen X, et al. GSDS: a gene structure display server [J]. Yi Chuan, 2007,29(8):1023.
[29]	Barrett T, Edgar R. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO): Microarray data storage, submission, retrieval, and analysis [J]. Methods in Enzymology, 2006,411:352.
[30]	Tuskan G A, Difazio S, Jansson S, et al. The genome of black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray) [J]. Science, 2006,313(5793):1596-1604.
[31]	Harper J F, Breton G, Harmon A. Decoding Ca²⁺ signals through plant protein kinases[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2004,55:263-288.
[32]	Sheen J. Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases and stress signal transduction in plants[J]. Science, 1996,274(5294):1900-1902.

Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Expression and Functional Analysis of CDPK Gene Family in Populus

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