Analysis on Distribution Pattern Characteristics of Standing Dead Trees in Larix gmelinii Overcutting Forest

YU Bao; ZHANG Qiu-liang; WANG Li-ming

Volume 28 Issue 1

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Analysis on Distribution Pattern Characteristics of Standing Dead Trees in Larix gmelinii Overcutting Forest

1.
State Academy of Forestry Administration, Beijing 102600, China
2.
College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China
3.
Command College of Armed Police Forces of China, Beijing 102202, China

Received Date: 2014-04-03

Abstract

The Larix gmelinii overcutting forest formed by final cutting in the 1980s at Chaocha Forest Farm, Genhe Forestry Bureau of Inner Mongolia was investigated. Based on the tree's location data of 8 sample plots in the L. gmelinii forest, the impacts of forest stand pattern and quadrat (5 m×5 m) stem-number on the amount of dead standing trees were analyzed, the relationship between the location of big trees and the regeneration saplings and the location of dead standing trees was discussed, and the forming mechanism of distribution pattern of dead standing trees was clarified. The results are as follows. 1. The ratio of dead standing trees increased with the increase of tree species. The dead standing trees were formed mainly in the stage of regeneration saplings, with the diameter class distribution mainly being below the fourth diameter class, and the average ratio of trees accounting for 82.2% of the total. In the regeneration saplings (including dead standing trees), an average ratio of production of dead standing trees is 8.8%. 2. The distribution of dead standing trees followed a aggregated pattern. The forest stand pattern, the quadrat stem-number and the amount of regeneration trees were in a significant correlation with the amount of dead standing trees. The forest stand pattern had not a significant effect on the pattern of dead standing trees. If the degree of aggregation of the forest is greater, the probability of the formation of dead standing trees will be greater, and the amount will be greater. 3. The location of dead standing trees had a significant correlation with the location of regeneration saplings and regeneration big trees. The main performance was the mutual relation between larch and white birch. The location of dead standing trees was mainly at the aggregation area of the big trees and regeneration saplings. Compared to the regeneration saplings, the big trees had greater impact on the dead standing trees, and specifically, the impact from larch was greater than that from the white birch. The white birch's regeneration saplings had not a significant impact on the formation of larch's dead standing trees. The dead standing trees affected were mainly the species with a higher ratio or greater amount of dead standing trees upon the species of trees. The forest that had an impact on dead standing trees depended mainly on the position of the sample trees and the stem-number.
- Larix gmelinii,
- overcutting forest,
- standing dead trees,
- distribution pattern

References

[1]	唐旭利,周国逸.南亚热带典型森林演替类型粗死木质残体贮量及其对碳循环的潜在影响[J].植物生态学报, 2005, 29 (4): 559-568.
[2]	Christopher M, Christoph S, Clare K, et al. Coarse woody debris an the carbon balance of a north temperate forest[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2007,244(1/3):60-67.
[3]	Woldendorp G, Keenan R J. Coarse woody debris in Australian forest ecosystems a review[J]. Austral Ecology, 2005,30:834-843.
[4]	Bigler C, Veblen T. Changes in litter and dead wood loads following tree death beneath subalpine conifer species in northern Colorado[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2011,41(2):331-340.
[5]	Beets P N, Hood I A, Kimberley M O, et al. Coarse woody debris decay rates for seven indigenous tree species in the central North Island of New Zealand[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,256:548-557.
[6]	何东进,何小娟,洪伟,等.森林生态系统粗死木质残体的研究进展[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(5):715-721.
[7]	Harmon M E, Franklin J F, Swanson F J, et al. Ecology of coarse Wood debris in temperate ecosystems[J]. Advances in Ecological Researches, 1986,15:133-302.
[8]	Schlegel B C, Donoso P J. Effects of forest type and stand structure on Coarse Woody Debris in old-growth rainforests in the Valdivian Andes, south-central Chile[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,225:1906-1914.
[9]	Brin A, Meredieu C, Piou D, et al. Changes in quantitative patterns of dead wood in maritime pine plantations over time[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,256:913-321.
[10]	Pesonen A, Leino O, Maltamo M, et al. Comparison of field sampling methods for assessing coarse woody debris and use of airborne laser scanning as auxiliary information[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2009,257:1532-1541.
[11]	何帆,王得祥,张宋智,等.小陇山林区主要森林群落凋落物及死木质残体储量[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(1):046-050.
[12]	王飞,张秋良,王冰,等.不同年龄杜香-兴安落叶松林粗木质残体贮量及特征[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(12):2981-2989.
[13]	安云,丁国栋,高广磊,等.华北土石山区天然次生林枯立木数量特征与分布格局[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):246-250.
[14]	罗大庆,郭泉水,黄界,等.西藏色季拉原始冷杉林死亡木特征研究[J].生态学报,2004,24(3): 635-639.
[15]	金光泽,刘志理,蔡慧颖,等.小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林粗木质残体的研究[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(7):1256-1266.
[16]	邓云,张文富,邓晓保,等.西双版纳热带季节雨林粗木质物残体储量及其空间分布[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):261-270.
[17]	刘妍妍,金光泽.地形对小兴安岭阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林粗木质残体分布的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1398-1407.
[18]	刘妍妍,金光泽.小兴安岭阔叶红松林粗木质残体基础特征[J].林业科学,2010,46(4):8-14.
[19]	刘志华,常禹,胡远满,等.呼中林区与呼中自然保护区森林粗木质残体储量的比较[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1075-1083.
[20]	张秋良,王飞,李小梅,等.藓类-兴安落叶松林木质物残体贮量及组成[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(3):437-442.
[21]	Webster C R, Jenkins M A. Coarse woody debris dynamics in the southern Appalachians as affected by topographic position and anthropogenic disturbance history[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2005,217:319-330.
[22]	惠刚盈,Klausvon Gadow, 胡艳波,等.结构化森林经营[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2007:114-120.
[23]	韩铭哲.兴安落叶松自然更新格局和种群的生态对策[J].内蒙古林学院学报,1994,1(2):1-10.
[24]	玉宝,乌吉斯古楞,王百田,等.大兴安岭兴安落叶松天然林林隙地被物变化特征研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(2):213-218.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Analysis on Distribution Pattern Characteristics of Standing Dead Trees in Larix gmelinii Overcutting Forest

1. State Academy of Forestry Administration, Beijing 102600, China

2. College of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China

3. Command College of Armed Police Forces of China, Beijing 102202, China

Received Date: 2014-04-03

Abstract: The Larix gmelinii overcutting forest formed by final cutting in the 1980s at Chaocha Forest Farm, Genhe Forestry Bureau of Inner Mongolia was investigated. Based on the tree's location data of 8 sample plots in the L. gmelinii forest, the impacts of forest stand pattern and quadrat (5 m×5 m) stem-number on the amount of dead standing trees were analyzed, the relationship between the location of big trees and the regeneration saplings and the location of dead standing trees was discussed, and the forming mechanism of distribution pattern of dead standing trees was clarified. The results are as follows. 1. The ratio of dead standing trees increased with the increase of tree species. The dead standing trees were formed mainly in the stage of regeneration saplings, with the diameter class distribution mainly being below the fourth diameter class, and the average ratio of trees accounting for 82.2% of the total. In the regeneration saplings (including dead standing trees), an average ratio of production of dead standing trees is 8.8%. 2. The distribution of dead standing trees followed a aggregated pattern. The forest stand pattern, the quadrat stem-number and the amount of regeneration trees were in a significant correlation with the amount of dead standing trees. The forest stand pattern had not a significant effect on the pattern of dead standing trees. If the degree of aggregation of the forest is greater, the probability of the formation of dead standing trees will be greater, and the amount will be greater. 3. The location of dead standing trees had a significant correlation with the location of regeneration saplings and regeneration big trees. The main performance was the mutual relation between larch and white birch. The location of dead standing trees was mainly at the aggregation area of the big trees and regeneration saplings. Compared to the regeneration saplings, the big trees had greater impact on the dead standing trees, and specifically, the impact from larch was greater than that from the white birch. The white birch's regeneration saplings had not a significant impact on the formation of larch's dead standing trees. The dead standing trees affected were mainly the species with a higher ratio or greater amount of dead standing trees upon the species of trees. The forest that had an impact on dead standing trees depended mainly on the position of the sample trees and the stem-number.

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Reference (24)

[1]	唐旭利,周国逸.南亚热带典型森林演替类型粗死木质残体贮量及其对碳循环的潜在影响[J].植物生态学报, 2005, 29 (4): 559-568.
[2]	Christopher M, Christoph S, Clare K, et al. Coarse woody debris an the carbon balance of a north temperate forest[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2007,244(1/3):60-67.
[3]	Woldendorp G, Keenan R J. Coarse woody debris in Australian forest ecosystems a review[J]. Austral Ecology, 2005,30:834-843.
[4]	Bigler C, Veblen T. Changes in litter and dead wood loads following tree death beneath subalpine conifer species in northern Colorado[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2011,41(2):331-340.
[5]	Beets P N, Hood I A, Kimberley M O, et al. Coarse woody debris decay rates for seven indigenous tree species in the central North Island of New Zealand[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,256:548-557.
[6]	何东进,何小娟,洪伟,等.森林生态系统粗死木质残体的研究进展[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(5):715-721.
[7]	Harmon M E, Franklin J F, Swanson F J, et al. Ecology of coarse Wood debris in temperate ecosystems[J]. Advances in Ecological Researches, 1986,15:133-302.
[8]	Schlegel B C, Donoso P J. Effects of forest type and stand structure on Coarse Woody Debris in old-growth rainforests in the Valdivian Andes, south-central Chile[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,225:1906-1914.
[9]	Brin A, Meredieu C, Piou D, et al. Changes in quantitative patterns of dead wood in maritime pine plantations over time[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008,256:913-321.
[10]	Pesonen A, Leino O, Maltamo M, et al. Comparison of field sampling methods for assessing coarse woody debris and use of airborne laser scanning as auxiliary information[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2009,257:1532-1541.
[11]	何帆,王得祥,张宋智,等.小陇山林区主要森林群落凋落物及死木质残体储量[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(1):046-050.
[12]	王飞,张秋良,王冰,等.不同年龄杜香-兴安落叶松林粗木质残体贮量及特征[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(12):2981-2989.
[13]	安云,丁国栋,高广磊,等.华北土石山区天然次生林枯立木数量特征与分布格局[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(4):246-250.
[14]	罗大庆,郭泉水,黄界,等.西藏色季拉原始冷杉林死亡木特征研究[J].生态学报,2004,24(3): 635-639.
[15]	金光泽,刘志理,蔡慧颖,等.小兴安岭谷地云冷杉林粗木质残体的研究[J].自然资源学报,2009,24(7):1256-1266.
[16]	邓云,张文富,邓晓保,等.西双版纳热带季节雨林粗木质物残体储量及其空间分布[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(2):261-270.
[17]	刘妍妍,金光泽.地形对小兴安岭阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林粗木质残体分布的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1398-1407.
[18]	刘妍妍,金光泽.小兴安岭阔叶红松林粗木质残体基础特征[J].林业科学,2010,46(4):8-14.
[19]	刘志华,常禹,胡远满,等.呼中林区与呼中自然保护区森林粗木质残体储量的比较[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1075-1083.
[20]	张秋良,王飞,李小梅,等.藓类-兴安落叶松林木质物残体贮量及组成[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(3):437-442.
[21]	Webster C R, Jenkins M A. Coarse woody debris dynamics in the southern Appalachians as affected by topographic position and anthropogenic disturbance history[J].Forest Ecology and Management, 2005,217:319-330.
[22]	惠刚盈,Klausvon Gadow, 胡艳波,等.结构化森林经营[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2007:114-120.
[23]	韩铭哲.兴安落叶松自然更新格局和种群的生态对策[J].内蒙古林学院学报,1994,1(2):1-10.
[24]	玉宝,乌吉斯古楞,王百田,等.大兴安岭兴安落叶松天然林林隙地被物变化特征研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(2):213-218.

Analysis on Distribution Pattern Characteristics of Standing Dead Trees in Larix gmelinii Overcutting Forest

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Analysis on Distribution Pattern Characteristics of Standing Dead Trees in Larix gmelinii Overcutting Forest

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