Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

SHI Qian-qian; ZHOU Lin; LI Kui; WANG Yan

Volume 28 Issue 4

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Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

1.
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2014-01-13

Abstract

Anthocyanin is a kind of secondary products during the process of flavonoid metabolizing and determine the colors of flowers, fruits and seeds. With the research on flavonoids biosynthesis, many structural genes synthesized anthocyanins of various plants have been cloned, and the previous studies showed that the structural genes were activated by transcription factors (MYB, bHLH and WD40) with complex interaction patterns. In this paper, MYB transcription factors, bHLH transcription factors and WD40 repeat protein involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and their roles in the regulation of structural gene expression and anthocyanin synthesis are reviewed.
- anthocyanin,
- MYB,
- bHLH,
- WD40,
- transcription factor

References

[1]	Hichri I, Barrieu F, Bogs J, et al. Recent advances in the transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway[J]. J Exp Bot,2011, 62(8): 2465-2483.
[2]	Harborne J B, Williams C A. Anthocyanins and other flavonoids[J]. Nat Prod Rep, 2001, 18 (3): 310-333.
[3]	Grotewold E. The genetics and biochemistry of floral pigments[J]. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2006, 57(1):761-780.
[4]	Hugueney P, Provenzano S, Verries C, et al. A novel cation-dependent O-Methyltransferase involved in anthocyanin methylation in grapevine[J]. Plant Physiol, 2009, 150(4):2057-2070.
[5]	Bogs J, Jaffe F W, Takos A M, et al. The grapevine transcription factor VvMYBPA1 regulates proanthocyanidin synthesis during fruit development[J]. Plant Physiology, 2007, 143(3):1347-1361.
[6]	Broun P.Transcriptional control of flavonoid biosynthesis: a complex network of conserved regulators involved in multiple aspects of differentiation in Arabidopsis[J]. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2005, 8(3):272-279.
[7]	Paz-Ares, Ghosal D, Wienand U, et al. The regulatory c1 locus of Zea mays encodes a protein with homology to myb photo-oncogene products and with structural similarities to transcriptional activators[J]. EMBO J, 1987, 6:3553-3558.
[8]	Hernandez J M, Heine G F, Irani N G, et al. Different mechanisms participate in the R-dependent activity of the R2R3MYB transcription factor C1[J]. J Biol Chem, 2004, 279(46): 48205-48213.
[9]	Quattrocchio F, Baudry A, Lepiniec L, et al. The regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis[M]// Grotewold E. The science of flavonoids. New York: Springer, 2006: 97-122.
[10]	Elomaa P, Uimari A, Mehto M, et al. Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae) suggests conserved protein-protein and protein-promoter interactions between the anciently diverged monocots and eudicots[J]. Plant Physiol, 2003, 133(4):1831-1842.
[11]	Mathews H, Clendennen S K, Caldwell C G, et al. Activation tagging in tomatoo identifies a transcriptional regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, modification, and transport[J]. Plant Cell, 2003, 15(8):1689-1703.
[12]	Kobayashi S, Goto-Yamamoto N, Hirochika H. Retrotransposon-induced mutations in grape skin color[J]. Science, 2004, 304(5673): 982.
[13]	Schwinn K, Venail J, Shang Y, et al. A small family of MYB-regulatory genes controls floral pigmentation intensity and patterning in the genus Antirrhinum[J]. Plant Cell, 2006, 18:831-851.
[14]	Mano H, Ogasawara F, Sato K, et al. Isolation of a regulatory gene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tuberous roots of purple-fleshed sweet potato[J]. Plant Physiol, 2007, 143(3):1252-1268.
[15]	Espley R V, Hellens R P, Putterill J, et al. Red colouration in apple fruit due to the activity of the MYB transcription factor, MdMYB10[J]. Plant J, 2007, 49:414-427.
[16]	Nakatsuka T, Haruta K S, Pitaksutheepong C, et al. Identification and characterization of R2R3-MYB and bHLH transcription factors regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in gentian flowers[J]. Plant Cell Physiol, 2008, 49: 1818-1829.
[17]	Liu X F, Yin X R, Andrew C, et al. The role of MrbHLH and MrMYB1 in regulating anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in tobacco and Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) during anthocyanin biosynthesis[J]. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult, 2013, 115: 285-298.
[18]	Yamagishi M, Shimoyamada Y, Nakatsuka T, et al. Two R2R3-MYB genes, homologs of petunia AN2, regulate anthocyanin biosyntheses in flower tepals, tepal spots and leaves of Asiatic hybrid lily[J]. Plant Cell Physiol, 2010, 51:463-474.
[19]	Nesi N, Jond C, Debeaujon I, et al. The Arabidopsis TT2 gene encodes an R2R3 MYB domain protein that acts as a key determinant for proanthocyanidin accumulation in developing seed[J]. Plant Cell, 2001, 13(9):2099-2114.
[20]	Mehrtens F, Kranz H, Bednarek P, et al. The Arabidopsis transcription factor MYB12 is a flavonol-specific regulator of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis[J]. Plant Physiol, 2005, 138(2):1083-1096.
[21]	Quattrocehio F, Wing J, van der Woude K, et al. Analysis of bHLH and MYB domain proteins:species-specific regulatory differences are caused by divergent evolution of target anthocyanin genes[J]. Plant Journal, 1998, 13(4):475-488.
[22]	Yang J, Huang J, Gu H, et al. Duplication and adaptive evolution of the chalcone synthase genes of Dendranthema (Asteraceae)[J]. Molecular biology and evolution, 2002, 19(10):1752-1759.
[23]	Jackson D, Culianez-Maeia F, Preseott A G, et al. Expression patterns of myb genes from antirrhinum flowers[J]. Plant Cell, 1991, 3(2):115-125.
[24]	Gong Z Z, Yamagishi E, Yamazaki M, et al. A constitutively expressed Myc-like gene involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis from Perilla frutescens: molecular charaeterization, heterologous expression in transgenic plants and transactivation in yeast cells[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1999, 41(1):33-44.
[25]	Morita Y, Saitoh M, Hoshino A,

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received Date: 2014-01-13

Abstract: Anthocyanin is a kind of secondary products during the process of flavonoid metabolizing and determine the colors of flowers, fruits and seeds. With the research on flavonoids biosynthesis, many structural genes synthesized anthocyanins of various plants have been cloned, and the previous studies showed that the structural genes were activated by transcription factors (MYB, bHLH and WD40) with complex interaction patterns. In this paper, MYB transcription factors, bHLH transcription factors and WD40 repeat protein involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and their roles in the regulation of structural gene expression and anthocyanin synthesis are reviewed.

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Reference (25)

[1]	Hichri I, Barrieu F, Bogs J, et al. Recent advances in the transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway[J]. J Exp Bot,2011, 62(8): 2465-2483.
[2]	Harborne J B, Williams C A. Anthocyanins and other flavonoids[J]. Nat Prod Rep, 2001, 18 (3): 310-333.
[3]	Grotewold E. The genetics and biochemistry of floral pigments[J]. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2006, 57(1):761-780.
[4]	Hugueney P, Provenzano S, Verries C, et al. A novel cation-dependent O-Methyltransferase involved in anthocyanin methylation in grapevine[J]. Plant Physiol, 2009, 150(4):2057-2070.
[5]	Bogs J, Jaffe F W, Takos A M, et al. The grapevine transcription factor VvMYBPA1 regulates proanthocyanidin synthesis during fruit development[J]. Plant Physiology, 2007, 143(3):1347-1361.
[6]	Broun P.Transcriptional control of flavonoid biosynthesis: a complex network of conserved regulators involved in multiple aspects of differentiation in Arabidopsis[J]. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 2005, 8(3):272-279.
[7]	Paz-Ares, Ghosal D, Wienand U, et al. The regulatory c1 locus of Zea mays encodes a protein with homology to myb photo-oncogene products and with structural similarities to transcriptional activators[J]. EMBO J, 1987, 6:3553-3558.
[8]	Hernandez J M, Heine G F, Irani N G, et al. Different mechanisms participate in the R-dependent activity of the R2R3MYB transcription factor C1[J]. J Biol Chem, 2004, 279(46): 48205-48213.
[9]	Quattrocchio F, Baudry A, Lepiniec L, et al. The regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis[M]// Grotewold E. The science of flavonoids. New York: Springer, 2006: 97-122.
[10]	Elomaa P, Uimari A, Mehto M, et al. Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae) suggests conserved protein-protein and protein-promoter interactions between the anciently diverged monocots and eudicots[J]. Plant Physiol, 2003, 133(4):1831-1842.
[11]	Mathews H, Clendennen S K, Caldwell C G, et al. Activation tagging in tomatoo identifies a transcriptional regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, modification, and transport[J]. Plant Cell, 2003, 15(8):1689-1703.
[12]	Kobayashi S, Goto-Yamamoto N, Hirochika H. Retrotransposon-induced mutations in grape skin color[J]. Science, 2004, 304(5673): 982.
[13]	Schwinn K, Venail J, Shang Y, et al. A small family of MYB-regulatory genes controls floral pigmentation intensity and patterning in the genus Antirrhinum[J]. Plant Cell, 2006, 18:831-851.
[14]	Mano H, Ogasawara F, Sato K, et al. Isolation of a regulatory gene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tuberous roots of purple-fleshed sweet potato[J]. Plant Physiol, 2007, 143(3):1252-1268.
[15]	Espley R V, Hellens R P, Putterill J, et al. Red colouration in apple fruit due to the activity of the MYB transcription factor, MdMYB10[J]. Plant J, 2007, 49:414-427.
[16]	Nakatsuka T, Haruta K S, Pitaksutheepong C, et al. Identification and characterization of R2R3-MYB and bHLH transcription factors regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in gentian flowers[J]. Plant Cell Physiol, 2008, 49: 1818-1829.
[17]	Liu X F, Yin X R, Andrew C, et al. The role of MrbHLH and MrMYB1 in regulating anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in tobacco and Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra) during anthocyanin biosynthesis[J]. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult, 2013, 115: 285-298.
[18]	Yamagishi M, Shimoyamada Y, Nakatsuka T, et al. Two R2R3-MYB genes, homologs of petunia AN2, regulate anthocyanin biosyntheses in flower tepals, tepal spots and leaves of Asiatic hybrid lily[J]. Plant Cell Physiol, 2010, 51:463-474.
[19]	Nesi N, Jond C, Debeaujon I, et al. The Arabidopsis TT2 gene encodes an R2R3 MYB domain protein that acts as a key determinant for proanthocyanidin accumulation in developing seed[J]. Plant Cell, 2001, 13(9):2099-2114.
[20]	Mehrtens F, Kranz H, Bednarek P, et al. The Arabidopsis transcription factor MYB12 is a flavonol-specific regulator of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis[J]. Plant Physiol, 2005, 138(2):1083-1096.
[21]	Quattrocehio F, Wing J, van der Woude K, et al. Analysis of bHLH and MYB domain proteins:species-specific regulatory differences are caused by divergent evolution of target anthocyanin genes[J]. Plant Journal, 1998, 13(4):475-488.
[22]	Yang J, Huang J, Gu H, et al. Duplication and adaptive evolution of the chalcone synthase genes of Dendranthema (Asteraceae)[J]. Molecular biology and evolution, 2002, 19(10):1752-1759.
[23]	Jackson D, Culianez-Maeia F, Preseott A G, et al. Expression patterns of myb genes from antirrhinum flowers[J]. Plant Cell, 1991, 3(2):115-125.
[24]	Gong Z Z, Yamagishi E, Yamazaki M, et al. A constitutively expressed Myc-like gene involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis from Perilla frutescens: molecular charaeterization, heterologous expression in transgenic plants and transactivation in yeast cells[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1999, 41(1):33-44.
[25]	Morita Y, Saitoh M, Hoshino A,

Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Plants

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