1988 Vol. 1, No. 5
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1988, 1(5): 467-471.
[Abstract]
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Abstract:
The following changes have been observed on the land for shifting cultivation in tropical forests:increase of air and soil temperature;decrease of relative humidity;ever worsening erosion due to the increase of surface runoff;decrease of water infiltration, water-holding capacity of soil and soil fertility.Continual cultivation transformed the forest land into xerophytic herb community at last, which was hardly to be reforested.The regeneration and succession process of tropical forest had a lot to do with human activities.Taking the selective cutting with a maintenance of above 0.4 canopy density is beneficial to the restoration of the forest.Protection of the tropical forest ecosystem should be considered as the main managerial principle of Jianfengling forest region, Hainan Island.
The following changes have been observed on the land for shifting cultivation in tropical forests:increase of air and soil temperature;decrease of relative humidity;ever worsening erosion due to the increase of surface runoff;decrease of water infiltration, water-holding capacity of soil and soil fertility.Continual cultivation transformed the forest land into xerophytic herb community at last, which was hardly to be reforested.The regeneration and succession process of tropical forest had a lot to do with human activities.Taking the selective cutting with a maintenance of above 0.4 canopy density is beneficial to the restoration of the forest.Protection of the tropical forest ecosystem should be considered as the main managerial principle of Jianfengling forest region, Hainan Island.
1988, 1(5): 472-480.
Abstract:
In this test the seeds from 126 provenances were collected thoughout masson pine's distribution area and planted in the province's five sites with an uniform design.The phenotype data in seed, seedling and young tree stages were recorded through observations and measurements for a period of six years, and then five physiological characters and peroxidase isozyme of seedling were analysed.Three analyses of the data obtained were made, i.e.the univariate variance analysis of characters, correlation analysis of characters with latitude and longitude, and path analysis of main traits with meteorological elements in the place from where the seeds were collected.The results suggest that masson pine populations show characteristics of latitude-oriented variant model.After analysing and systhesizing of the data of eight to twelve characters from two sites by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and systematic mean cluster analysis, it is concluded that the provenances of masson pine could be divided into three zones and four districts.By using five traits including growths and adaptabilities as distiction factors and analysing stabilities of seed sources in high growth, some suitable provenances were chosen for different ecological regions represented by the five plantations.
In this test the seeds from 126 provenances were collected thoughout masson pine's distribution area and planted in the province's five sites with an uniform design.The phenotype data in seed, seedling and young tree stages were recorded through observations and measurements for a period of six years, and then five physiological characters and peroxidase isozyme of seedling were analysed.Three analyses of the data obtained were made, i.e.the univariate variance analysis of characters, correlation analysis of characters with latitude and longitude, and path analysis of main traits with meteorological elements in the place from where the seeds were collected.The results suggest that masson pine populations show characteristics of latitude-oriented variant model.After analysing and systhesizing of the data of eight to twelve characters from two sites by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and systematic mean cluster analysis, it is concluded that the provenances of masson pine could be divided into three zones and four districts.By using five traits including growths and adaptabilities as distiction factors and analysing stabilities of seed sources in high growth, some suitable provenances were chosen for different ecological regions represented by the five plantations.
1988, 1(5): 481-484.
Abstract:
This paper reports the processes of histopathologic change of the pine caterpillar larvae infected with JDS-CPV.The infective tissue is confined to the epithelial cell of the midgut.The development and formation of the viroge-nic stromata (VS) and polyhedra of the virus in cytoplasm were observed in early stage of infection, the VS of CPV appeared as irregular small pieces.Since then, the great masses of VS and CPB were formed.It was also found that the funned changed in thickness, but did not find any polyhedron body in it.
This paper reports the processes of histopathologic change of the pine caterpillar larvae infected with JDS-CPV.The infective tissue is confined to the epithelial cell of the midgut.The development and formation of the viroge-nic stromata (VS) and polyhedra of the virus in cytoplasm were observed in early stage of infection, the VS of CPV appeared as irregular small pieces.Since then, the great masses of VS and CPB were formed.It was also found that the funned changed in thickness, but did not find any polyhedron body in it.
1988, 1(5): 486-491.
Abstract:
Studies on variations in growth of Paulownia elongate root cuttings and nutrient contents in pot soil have been conducted by pot-planting experiment from early April to mid September in 1985.The correlations between seedling growth, nutrient status, nutrient supply, as well as mineral nutrient release from pot soil, and the characteristics of absorbing nitrogen, valid phosphorous and magnesium of seedlings have been analysed emphatically.Therefore it is suggested that in nursery fertilization, the optimum nutrient proportion obtained in laboratory should be regulated to a proper nutrient proportion according to the fertility and ability to mineralization of nursery soil.It also illustrates that it is important to fertilize in a scientific way for producing fine seedlings from tree nutrition physiology point of view.
Studies on variations in growth of Paulownia elongate root cuttings and nutrient contents in pot soil have been conducted by pot-planting experiment from early April to mid September in 1985.The correlations between seedling growth, nutrient status, nutrient supply, as well as mineral nutrient release from pot soil, and the characteristics of absorbing nitrogen, valid phosphorous and magnesium of seedlings have been analysed emphatically.Therefore it is suggested that in nursery fertilization, the optimum nutrient proportion obtained in laboratory should be regulated to a proper nutrient proportion according to the fertility and ability to mineralization of nursery soil.It also illustrates that it is important to fertilize in a scientific way for producing fine seedlings from tree nutrition physiology point of view.
1988, 1(5): 492-498.
Abstract:
The purpose is to breed Chinese own fast-growing P.euramericana culti-vars.The program began from 1979, P.dehoides Bartr.cv.‘Lux' (ex.I-69/55) as the mother tree, P.nigra and its variety with the characteristics of resistance to frigidity and narrow crown as the father tree.Based on the selection, hybridization and the comparison of clones test plantation, the three improved clones were finally selected.The common main characteristics of which are:fast-growing high quality, straight and round trunk, thin branch, obvious top dominance, easy regeneration, wood air dry density and specific gravity and higher than that of P.euramericana (Dode) Guinier CL I-214.It is representative cultivar of P.euramericana and cultivated widely in the world, the mother tree died owing to severe climate in central north of China, the average volume is 52.2-33.5% higher than that of I-214,the average genetic gains are 38.6%, 31.1% and24.8% respectively.Resistance to frigidity is higher than mother tree and strongly resistant to canker (Dophiorella gregaria), which is the first generation of improved P.euramericana's clone bred in China.And now the regional trails are carried out in Henan, Shandong, Shanxi provinces ect.
The purpose is to breed Chinese own fast-growing P.euramericana culti-vars.The program began from 1979, P.dehoides Bartr.cv.‘Lux' (ex.I-69/55) as the mother tree, P.nigra and its variety with the characteristics of resistance to frigidity and narrow crown as the father tree.Based on the selection, hybridization and the comparison of clones test plantation, the three improved clones were finally selected.The common main characteristics of which are:fast-growing high quality, straight and round trunk, thin branch, obvious top dominance, easy regeneration, wood air dry density and specific gravity and higher than that of P.euramericana (Dode) Guinier CL I-214.It is representative cultivar of P.euramericana and cultivated widely in the world, the mother tree died owing to severe climate in central north of China, the average volume is 52.2-33.5% higher than that of I-214,the average genetic gains are 38.6%, 31.1% and24.8% respectively.Resistance to frigidity is higher than mother tree and strongly resistant to canker (Dophiorella gregaria), which is the first generation of improved P.euramericana's clone bred in China.And now the regional trails are carried out in Henan, Shandong, Shanxi provinces ect.
1988, 1(5): 499-507.
Abstract:
The study on the economic characteristics of olive (Olea europaea L.) fruits of 56 varieties grown in Han Zhong, Shanxi Province shows that the oil content, fruit size and pulp ratio etc.differ obviously among them.The oil content of 25 varieties in dry fruit is 40-50%, which accounts for 44.6% of the total varieties.The oil content of 14 varieties is 35-40%, accounting for 25%.The oil content of the rest is 30-35% or less than 30%.Olive oil mainly consists of 7 kinds of fatty acids, of which the highest is oleic acid (C18:1, accounting for 65-78%).It is a decisive factor in the oil quality.It is primarily concluded that a variety with the oil content of over 35% and oleic acid content of over 56% could be considered as oil olive for cultivation.Thus 35 varieties are taken as oil olive, of which 23 varieties are of superior class of which the oil content in dry fruit is more than 40% and oleic acid content in oil is more than 65%.12 varieties are of good class as oil olive, of which the oil content in dry fruit are over 35%, oleic acid content in oil is over 60%.
The study on the economic characteristics of olive (Olea europaea L.) fruits of 56 varieties grown in Han Zhong, Shanxi Province shows that the oil content, fruit size and pulp ratio etc.differ obviously among them.The oil content of 25 varieties in dry fruit is 40-50%, which accounts for 44.6% of the total varieties.The oil content of 14 varieties is 35-40%, accounting for 25%.The oil content of the rest is 30-35% or less than 30%.Olive oil mainly consists of 7 kinds of fatty acids, of which the highest is oleic acid (C18:1, accounting for 65-78%).It is a decisive factor in the oil quality.It is primarily concluded that a variety with the oil content of over 35% and oleic acid content of over 56% could be considered as oil olive for cultivation.Thus 35 varieties are taken as oil olive, of which 23 varieties are of superior class of which the oil content in dry fruit is more than 40% and oleic acid content in oil is more than 65%.12 varieties are of good class as oil olive, of which the oil content in dry fruit are over 35%, oleic acid content in oil is over 60%.
1988, 1(5): 508-515.
Abstract:
The present paper reports the processing techiniques of the formulation of nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Apocheima cinerarius, and its detection of safety.New formulation of the AciNPV were made by incorporating the preparation of polyhedrals inclusion bodies (PIB) with sunlight protectant and other abjuvants in a blend screen of electroshak.Bioassays tests indicated that samples of the aceton-precipitation and new formulations of virus were very effective for early third-instar larvae.The LC50 and 95% fiducial limits were 2.84×103PIB/ml, 2.84×103PIB/ml, and 1.70×103-4.76×103 PIB/ml and 1.43×103-5.66×103PIB/ml respectively.Several powder formulations were directly diluted with water and mineral oil (NO.0 diesel oil) when used in the field.The tests conducted on small plots and large blocks showed that several formulations of AciNPV were effective for the poplar looper 2-3 instar larvae in forest field.The mortality of poplar looper larvae was over 85% in 12-15 days.Safety tests showed that formulation of AciNPV was not hamper to domestic animals and did not couse mutation.It was safety for man.Bacteriological detection proved that pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonell, Vibric, and Clostridium were cultured without isolation.
The present paper reports the processing techiniques of the formulation of nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Apocheima cinerarius, and its detection of safety.New formulation of the AciNPV were made by incorporating the preparation of polyhedrals inclusion bodies (PIB) with sunlight protectant and other abjuvants in a blend screen of electroshak.Bioassays tests indicated that samples of the aceton-precipitation and new formulations of virus were very effective for early third-instar larvae.The LC50 and 95% fiducial limits were 2.84×103PIB/ml, 2.84×103PIB/ml, and 1.70×103-4.76×103 PIB/ml and 1.43×103-5.66×103PIB/ml respectively.Several powder formulations were directly diluted with water and mineral oil (NO.0 diesel oil) when used in the field.The tests conducted on small plots and large blocks showed that several formulations of AciNPV were effective for the poplar looper 2-3 instar larvae in forest field.The mortality of poplar looper larvae was over 85% in 12-15 days.Safety tests showed that formulation of AciNPV was not hamper to domestic animals and did not couse mutation.It was safety for man.Bacteriological detection proved that pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonell, Vibric, and Clostridium were cultured without isolation.
1988, 1(5): 517-523.
Abstract:
A study on the Zeuzera multistrigata Moore was made in Fujian Province from 1982 to 1987.This kind of moth borer damages tree trunk.It is one of primary pests in the Casuarina equisetifolia Linn, in the shelterbelt along the coast of Fujian.The pest has one generation a year.It overwinters within the galleries in the larvae form.The adult emerges from the mid-May to early September the next year and lays eggs in beneath the bark.New hatched larvaes are thrown about by wind and bore holes at the edge of buds.The male mothes can be attracted by light;the female mothes have sex pheromones.If the crown density is over 0.7 or the age of the stand is over 10 years, the trees could be hardly damaged.The mixed forest is damaged less than pure forest.Natural enemies of the borer amount to more than eight species.If we spurt Beauveria bassiana (5×108-108/ml) into the burrows on the trunk, more than 86.7% of the old larvaes of Z.multitrigzta can be killed.In the early boring stages, to spray the edge of buds with 2.5% of Decamethrin in a concentrations of 1:3000 or 40% Omethoale in 1:300 is effective in killing the new larvaes.
A study on the Zeuzera multistrigata Moore was made in Fujian Province from 1982 to 1987.This kind of moth borer damages tree trunk.It is one of primary pests in the Casuarina equisetifolia Linn, in the shelterbelt along the coast of Fujian.The pest has one generation a year.It overwinters within the galleries in the larvae form.The adult emerges from the mid-May to early September the next year and lays eggs in beneath the bark.New hatched larvaes are thrown about by wind and bore holes at the edge of buds.The male mothes can be attracted by light;the female mothes have sex pheromones.If the crown density is over 0.7 or the age of the stand is over 10 years, the trees could be hardly damaged.The mixed forest is damaged less than pure forest.Natural enemies of the borer amount to more than eight species.If we spurt Beauveria bassiana (5×108-108/ml) into the burrows on the trunk, more than 86.7% of the old larvaes of Z.multitrigzta can be killed.In the early boring stages, to spray the edge of buds with 2.5% of Decamethrin in a concentrations of 1:3000 or 40% Omethoale in 1:300 is effective in killing the new larvaes.
1988, 1(5): 524-530.
Abstract:
This paper deals with the complication of number of generations and generation differentiation of pine caterpillars, which include Dendrolimus superans (Butler), D.spectabilis Butler, D.punctatus and D.tabulaeformis Tsai et Liu etc.in USSR, Japan and China.The number of generations of pine caterpillars varies in different areas.In general, there is one generation in 1-3 years for D.superanus, passing 2-4 winters, 1-3 generations a year for D.tabulaeformis and D.spectabilis, 2-5 generations a year for D.punctatus.Generation differentiation is a common occurrence, which is caused by larval diapause.Differentiational rate varies greatly in the population of Dendrolimus spp.in different plots, even in the same plot, it varies in different years too.The diapause of pine caterpillar is relevant to the larval hatching period, food, climate and other ecological conditions.In the paper, some ideas about "a study of developmental threshold and effective accumulated temperature of D.tabulaeformis" in the "Scientia Silvae Sinicae" 1987, 23(3), have also been put forward.
This paper deals with the complication of number of generations and generation differentiation of pine caterpillars, which include Dendrolimus superans (Butler), D.spectabilis Butler, D.punctatus and D.tabulaeformis Tsai et Liu etc.in USSR, Japan and China.The number of generations of pine caterpillars varies in different areas.In general, there is one generation in 1-3 years for D.superanus, passing 2-4 winters, 1-3 generations a year for D.tabulaeformis and D.spectabilis, 2-5 generations a year for D.punctatus.Generation differentiation is a common occurrence, which is caused by larval diapause.Differentiational rate varies greatly in the population of Dendrolimus spp.in different plots, even in the same plot, it varies in different years too.The diapause of pine caterpillar is relevant to the larval hatching period, food, climate and other ecological conditions.In the paper, some ideas about "a study of developmental threshold and effective accumulated temperature of D.tabulaeformis" in the "Scientia Silvae Sinicae" 1987, 23(3), have also been put forward.
1988, 1(5): 531-534.
Abstract:
This papar reports the number and distribution of Fungi and Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the tropical forest soils at Jianfengling, Hainan Island.The results show that there are differences in the number of fungi in both different season and different vegetation soils.The most is in the low-temperature season, followed successively by the dry season and the rainy season.The fungus number in tropical semideciduous monsoon forest soil is more than that in tropical evergreen monsoon forest soil and the lest number is in tropical mountain rain forest soil.A number of fungus strains were isolated from the above three types of the forest soils.They were identified to belong to 14 genera or groups.Five of the strains were not classified to genera.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were not obtained from the soils.
This papar reports the number and distribution of Fungi and Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the tropical forest soils at Jianfengling, Hainan Island.The results show that there are differences in the number of fungi in both different season and different vegetation soils.The most is in the low-temperature season, followed successively by the dry season and the rainy season.The fungus number in tropical semideciduous monsoon forest soil is more than that in tropical evergreen monsoon forest soil and the lest number is in tropical mountain rain forest soil.A number of fungus strains were isolated from the above three types of the forest soils.They were identified to belong to 14 genera or groups.Five of the strains were not classified to genera.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were not obtained from the soils.
1988, 1(5): 535-540.
Abstract:
45 sample trees of p.bolleana were collected from the plantation at Su Le, Mai Gai Ti and Ye Cheng counties in Xinjiang Autonomus Region for study.The study showed that the contents of sugar, raw-vegetable fat, and animo acids per kg of dry leaves are 28.005 g, the content of common mineral elements 11.1907%, the content of trace elements 126.3ppm.The leaf is a good feed for livestock.The nutrient contents of branch, stem, root, and bark were analysed too.Twelve dualistic prediction regression models, namely regular increment of biomass, total biomass, biomass of stem, stembark, branch, branchbark, leaf, root, silted-stem and stem per m3, total biomass of stem per m3, number of leaves and leaf area were obtained.The total biomass per mu of a ten-years stand with a stand density of 3×3 is up to 7506kg, the biomass of stem per m3 609kg.
45 sample trees of p.bolleana were collected from the plantation at Su Le, Mai Gai Ti and Ye Cheng counties in Xinjiang Autonomus Region for study.The study showed that the contents of sugar, raw-vegetable fat, and animo acids per kg of dry leaves are 28.005 g, the content of common mineral elements 11.1907%, the content of trace elements 126.3ppm.The leaf is a good feed for livestock.The nutrient contents of branch, stem, root, and bark were analysed too.Twelve dualistic prediction regression models, namely regular increment of biomass, total biomass, biomass of stem, stembark, branch, branchbark, leaf, root, silted-stem and stem per m3, total biomass of stem per m3, number of leaves and leaf area were obtained.The total biomass per mu of a ten-years stand with a stand density of 3×3 is up to 7506kg, the biomass of stem per m3 609kg.
1988, 1(5): 541-547.
Abstract:
Totally 40 plots have been laid out at three experiment sites located in the main Phyllostachys pubescent production area of China, where the productivity of plot before treated is obtained through uniformity trial, based on which the proper plot area is determined as 400m2.According to the orthogonal design, three factors with two levels for each, i.e.A.fertilizer dosage (375 kg·ha-1, 750kg·ha-1);B.fertilizer applying time (Spring:one month before shooting, Autumn:shoot/bud differentiation stage);C.fertilization method (in furrow, in stump), have been combined for searching the best combination.In all sites, N P K Si compound commercial fertilizer is adopted, the propotion of which is N:P:K:Si=2:1:0.5:0.5.The results have shown that the best one is in spring, one month before shooting, to apply 375 kg·ha-1 in furrow with a depth of 20cm, which can increase culm yield by 7282.50kg or a net income of RMB 832.20 Yuan compared with the control.
Totally 40 plots have been laid out at three experiment sites located in the main Phyllostachys pubescent production area of China, where the productivity of plot before treated is obtained through uniformity trial, based on which the proper plot area is determined as 400m2.According to the orthogonal design, three factors with two levels for each, i.e.A.fertilizer dosage (375 kg·ha-1, 750kg·ha-1);B.fertilizer applying time (Spring:one month before shooting, Autumn:shoot/bud differentiation stage);C.fertilization method (in furrow, in stump), have been combined for searching the best combination.In all sites, N P K Si compound commercial fertilizer is adopted, the propotion of which is N:P:K:Si=2:1:0.5:0.5.The results have shown that the best one is in spring, one month before shooting, to apply 375 kg·ha-1 in furrow with a depth of 20cm, which can increase culm yield by 7282.50kg or a net income of RMB 832.20 Yuan compared with the control.
1988, 1(5): 548-552.
Abstract:
The research was conducted on the effect of different levels of light intensity on the growth of seedlings of Calamus tetradactylus, C.simplicifolius and Daemonorops margaritae.The results show that light intensity is an important factor for enhancing the growth of rattan seeblings in nursery stage, and show that 1-year old seedlings of the above three species grow best at respectively the relative light intensity about 50-65%, 20-35% and 80%.
The research was conducted on the effect of different levels of light intensity on the growth of seedlings of Calamus tetradactylus, C.simplicifolius and Daemonorops margaritae.The results show that light intensity is an important factor for enhancing the growth of rattan seeblings in nursery stage, and show that 1-year old seedlings of the above three species grow best at respectively the relative light intensity about 50-65%, 20-35% and 80%.
1988, 1(5): 553-558.
Abstract:
5 tropical Acacias with different seed sources were introduced to China in 1984.Species and provenance tests have been carried out in the tropical region of China, i.e.at the Qionghai Forest Farm and the Suixi Forest Experiment Station.1.SitesLocation Lat.(N) Long.(E) Elev.(m) MAT(℃) MAR(mm) Soil Suixi F.E.S.21°25' 110°20' 40 22.8 1775 lateriteQionghai F.F.19°14' 110°28' 20 23.9 2027 alluvial lateriteA randomized complete blot design with 4 replications was employed.Each plot contained 25 plants with spacing 3×3 m.2.Results:(1)A.crassicarpa-It is the fastest growing species among the 5 tropical Acacias.Seed source from PNG grows significantly faster than those from Queensland.Seedlots 13683 and 13682 from PNG are the most promising ones which grow fast and have a high percentage of straight stems.(2)A.auriculiformis-Seedlot 13686 (from PNG) and 13681 (from QLD) with 60 percentage of straight stems grow faster than the other seed sources.(3)A.aulacocarpa-Seedlot 13689 from PNG appears to be performing better than those from QLD, i.e.with fast growing and high percentage of straight stems.(4)A.leptocarpa-It starts fruiting.70 percentage of stem are straight.(5)A.cincinnata-It is the slowest one among the 5 tropical acacias.
5 tropical Acacias with different seed sources were introduced to China in 1984.Species and provenance tests have been carried out in the tropical region of China, i.e.at the Qionghai Forest Farm and the Suixi Forest Experiment Station.1.SitesLocation Lat.(N) Long.(E) Elev.(m) MAT(℃) MAR(mm) Soil Suixi F.E.S.21°25' 110°20' 40 22.8 1775 lateriteQionghai F.F.19°14' 110°28' 20 23.9 2027 alluvial lateriteA randomized complete blot design with 4 replications was employed.Each plot contained 25 plants with spacing 3×3 m.2.Results:(1)A.crassicarpa-It is the fastest growing species among the 5 tropical Acacias.Seed source from PNG grows significantly faster than those from Queensland.Seedlots 13683 and 13682 from PNG are the most promising ones which grow fast and have a high percentage of straight stems.(2)A.auriculiformis-Seedlot 13686 (from PNG) and 13681 (from QLD) with 60 percentage of straight stems grow faster than the other seed sources.(3)A.aulacocarpa-Seedlot 13689 from PNG appears to be performing better than those from QLD, i.e.with fast growing and high percentage of straight stems.(4)A.leptocarpa-It starts fruiting.70 percentage of stem are straight.(5)A.cincinnata-It is the slowest one among the 5 tropical acacias.
1988, 1(5): 560-563.
Abstract:
Russula delica complex preparation consists of several phisiological active substances from the liquid fermentation extract of Russula delica.The physio-chemical properties and spectral analyses (UV, IR, NMR, MS, HPLC) show that these substances are antibiocitic 82-101A (10-20mg/ml), antibiotic B (5-10mg/ml), and endogenous hormones of Z(2.6mg/ml), GA3(7.4mg/ml), ABA(0.2mg/ml) and KT(0.3mg/ml).Indoor and outdoor biological activity test of dilutions of the complex preparation 1:50 and 1:100 on Pinus massoniana Lamb, Pinus taiwanensis Hayata and Pterocarya stenoptera DC.show that the preparation has biological effects of raising physiological activity of seedlings, promoting the growth and increasing antibiotic ability of them.
Russula delica complex preparation consists of several phisiological active substances from the liquid fermentation extract of Russula delica.The physio-chemical properties and spectral analyses (UV, IR, NMR, MS, HPLC) show that these substances are antibiocitic 82-101A (10-20mg/ml), antibiotic B (5-10mg/ml), and endogenous hormones of Z(2.6mg/ml), GA3(7.4mg/ml), ABA(0.2mg/ml) and KT(0.3mg/ml).Indoor and outdoor biological activity test of dilutions of the complex preparation 1:50 and 1:100 on Pinus massoniana Lamb, Pinus taiwanensis Hayata and Pterocarya stenoptera DC.show that the preparation has biological effects of raising physiological activity of seedlings, promoting the growth and increasing antibiotic ability of them.
1988, 1(5): 564-568.
Abstract:
Xanthoceras sorbifolia is one of the widely distributed indigenous economic tree species in northern China.Since its cultural history is short, the knowledge of its morphology and ecology is rather limited.This paper deals with the morphology and distribution of its root systems in the soil as well as the responses to different ecological facters in various sites.Besides, the influences of soil texture, fertility, moisture content and underground water level on its growth and development are also discussed.Techniques of planting and management for high fruit yield are recommened.The investigation shows the ground water should be less than 4 m deep when the orchard of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is set up for the fruit production as the main;thick layer of powdery sand or clay should be avoided;the spacing of young trees should be greater than 2 m;the soil management should be strengthened for the peripheral land out of the crown shade.
Xanthoceras sorbifolia is one of the widely distributed indigenous economic tree species in northern China.Since its cultural history is short, the knowledge of its morphology and ecology is rather limited.This paper deals with the morphology and distribution of its root systems in the soil as well as the responses to different ecological facters in various sites.Besides, the influences of soil texture, fertility, moisture content and underground water level on its growth and development are also discussed.Techniques of planting and management for high fruit yield are recommened.The investigation shows the ground water should be less than 4 m deep when the orchard of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is set up for the fruit production as the main;thick layer of powdery sand or clay should be avoided;the spacing of young trees should be greater than 2 m;the soil management should be strengthened for the peripheral land out of the crown shade.
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